2023年大学英语六级考试真题和答案第三套

2023年6月大学英语六级考试真题（第三套）听力同第二套PartIIISectionAQuestions36to45arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Travelwebsiteshavebeenaroundsincethe1990s,whenExpedia,Travelocity,andotherholidaybookingsiteswerelaunched,allowingtravelerstocompareflightandhotelpriceswiththeclickofamouse.Withinformationnolonger36____bytravelagentsorhiddeninbusinessnetworks,thetravelindustrywasrevolutionized,asgreatertransparencyhelped37____prices.Today,theindustryisgoingthroughanewrevolution—thistimetransformingservicequality.Onlineratingplatforms—38____inhotels,restaurants,apartments,andtaxis—allowtravelerstoexchangereviewsandexperiencesforalltosee.Hospitalitybusinessesarenowranked,analyzed,andcomparednotbyindustry39____,butbytheverypeopleforwhomtheserviceisintended—thecustomer.Thishas40____anewrelationshipbetweenbuyerandseller.Customershavealwaysvotedwiththeirfeet;theycannowexplaintheirdecisiontoanyonewhoisinterested.Asaresult,businessesaremuchmore41____,ofteninveryspecificways,whichcreatespowerful42____toimproveservice.Althoughsomereadersmightnotcareforgossipyreportsofunfriendlybellboys（行李员）inBerlinormalfunctioninghotelhairdryersinHouston,thetruepowerofonlinereviewsliesnotjustintheindividualstories,butinthewebsites'43____toaggregatealargevolumeofratings.Theimpactcannotbe44____.Businessesthatattracttopratingscanenjoyrapidgrowth,asnewcustomersareattractedbygoodreviewsand45____provideyetmorepositivefeedback.Sogreatistheinfluenceofonlineratingsthatmanycompaniesnowhiredigitalreputationmanagerstoensureafavorableonlineidentity.A)accountable B)capacity C)controlled D)entailE)forged F)incentives G)occasionally H)overstatedI)persisting J)pessimistic K)professionals L)slashM)specializing N)spectators O)subsequentlySectionBPlasticSurgeryAbettercreditcardisthesolutiontoeverlargerhackattacks[A]Athinmagneticstripe(magstripe)isallthatstandsbetweenyourcredit-cardinformationandthebadguys.Andthey'vebeenworkinghardtobreakin.That'swhy2023isshapingupasamajorshowdown:banks,lawenforcementandtechnologycompaniesarealltryingtostopanetworkofhackerswhoaresucceedinginstealingaccountnumbers,names,emailaddressesandothercrucialdatausedinidentitytheft.Morethan100millionaccountsatTarget,NeimanMarcusandMichaelsstoreswereaffectedinsomewayduringthemostrecentattacks,startinglastNovember.[B]Swipe（刷卡）istheoperativeword:cardsareincreasinglyvulnerabletoattackswhenyoumakepurchasesinastore.Inseveralrecentincidents,hackershavebeenabletoobtainmassiveinformationofcredit-,debit-（借记）orprepaid-cardnumbersusingmalware,i.e.malicioussoftware,insertedsecretlyintotheretailers'point-of-salesystem—thecheckoutregisters.Hackersthensoldthedatatoasecondgroupofcriminalsoperatinginshadowycomersoftheweb.Notlongafter,thestolendatawasshowinguponfakecardsandbeingusedforonlinepurchases.[C]Thesolutioncouldcostaslittleas$2extraforeverypieceofplasticissued.ThefixisasecuritytechnologyusedheavilyoutsidetheU.S.WhileAmericancreditcardsusethe40-year-oldmagstripetechnologytoprocesstransactions,muchoftherestoftheworldusessmartercardswithatechnologycalledEMV(shortforEuropay,MasterCard,Visa)thatemploysachipembeddedinthecardplusacustomerPIN(personalidentificationnumber)toauthenticate（验证）everytransactiononthespot.IfapurchaserfailstopunchinthecorrectPINatthecheckout,thetransactiongetsrejected.(Onlinepurchasescanbemadebysettingupaseparatetransactioncode.)[D]Whyhaven'tbigbanksadoptedthemoresecuretechnology?Whenitcomestomailingoutnewcreditcards,it'sallaboutrelativecosts,saysDavidRobertson,whorunstheNihonReport,anindustrynewsletter:"Thecostofthecard,puttingthestickeronit,codingtheaccountnumberandexpirationdate,embossing（凸印）it,thesmallenvelop—allputtogether,youareinthedollarrange."Achip-and-PINcardcurrentlycostscloserto$3,saysRobertson,becauseofthepriceofchips.(Oncelargeissuersconverttogether,thechipcostsshoulddrop.)[E]Multiply$3bythemorethan5billionmagstripecreditandprepaidcardsincirculationintheU.S.Thenconsiderthatthere'sanestimated$12.4billionincardfraudonaglobalbasis'saysRobertson.With44%ofthatintheU.S.,Americancredit-cardfraudamountstoabout$5.5billionannually.CardissuershavesofarcalculatedthatabsorbingtheliabilityforevenbighacksliketheTargetoneisstillcheaperthanreplacingallthatplastic.[F]ThatleavesAmericanretailersprettymuchalonetheworldoverinrelyingonmagstripetechnologytochargepurchases—andleavesconsumersvulnerable.Eachmagstripehasthreetracksofinformation,explainspaymentssecurityexpertJeremyGumbley,thechieftechnologyofficerofCreditCall,anelectronic-paymentscompany.Thefirstandthirdareusedbythebankorcardissuer.Yourvitalaccountinformationlivesonthesecondtrack,whichhackerstrytocapture."Malwareisscanningthroughthememoryinrealtimeandlookingfordata,"hesays."Itcreatesatextfilethatgetsstolen."[G]Chip-and-PINcards,bycontrast,makefakecardsorskimmingimpossiblebecausetheinformationthatgetsscannedisencrypted（加密）.ThehistoricalreasontheU.S.hasstuckwithmagstripe,ironicallyenough,isoncesuperiortechnology.Ourcheap,ultra-reliablewirednetworksmadecredit-cardauthenticationoverthephonefrictionless.InFrance,cardcompaniescreatedEMVinpartbecausethetelephonemonopolywassomaddeninglyinefficientandexpensive.TheEMVsolutionallowedtransactionstobeverifiedlocallyandsecurely.[H]Somebigbanks,likeWellsFargo,arenowofferingtoconvertyourmagstripecardtoachip-and-PINmodel.(It'sactuallyahybrid（混合体）thatwillstillhaveamagstripe,sincemostU.S.merchantsdon'thaveEMVterminals.)Shouldyoutakethemuponit?Ifyoutravelinternationally,theanswerisyes.[I]Keepinmind,too,thatcreditcardstypicallyhavebetterliabilityprotectionthandebitcards.Ifsomeoneusesyourcreditcardfraudulently（欺诈性地）it'stheissuerormerchant,notyou,thattakesthehit.Debitcardshavedifferentliabilitylimitsdependingonthebankandtheeventssurroundinganyfraud."Ifit'savailable,thelogicalthingistogetachip-and-PINcardfromyourbank,"saysEricAdamowsky,aco-founderofCreditCardInsider."Iwouldusecreditcardsoverdebitcardsbecauseofliabilityissues."Cashstillworksprettywelltoo.[J]Retailersandbanksstandtobenefitfromthelowerfraudlevelsofchip-and-PINcardsbuthavebeenreluctantforyearstoinvestinthenewinfrastructure（基础设施）neededforthetechnology,especiallyifconsumersdon'thaveaccesstoit.It'sachicken-and-eggproblem;noonewantstospendthemoneyonupgradedpoint-of-salesystemsthatcanreadthechipcardsifshoppersaren'tcarryingthem一yetthere'slittlepointinconsumers'carryingthefancyplasticifstoresaren'tequippedtousethem.(AnearliereffortbyTargettomovetochipandPINnevergainedprogress.)AccordingtoGumbley,there'sa"you-firstmentality.Thelogjam（僵局）hastobebroken."[K]JPMorganChaseCEOJamieDimonrecentlyexpressedhiswillingnesstodoso,notingthatbanksandmerchantshavespentthepastdecadesuingeachotheroverinterchangefees—thepercentageofthetransactionpricetheykeep-ratherthandealwiththegrowinghackingproblem.Chaseoffersachip-enabledcardunderitsownbrandandseveralothersfortravel-relatedcompaniessuchasBritishAirwaysandRitz-Carlton.[L]TheTargetandNeimanhackshavealsochangedthecostcalculation:althoughretailershavebeenreluctanttospendthe$6.75billionthatCapgeminiconsultantsestimateitwilltaketoconvertalltheirregisterstobechip-and-PIN-compatible,thepotentialliabilitytheynowfaceisdramaticallygreater.Targethasbeenhitwithclassactionsfromhackedconsumers."It'stheultimatenightmare,"aretailexecutivefromawell-knownchainadmittedtoTIME.[M]Thecard-paymentcompaniesMasterCardandVisaarepushinghardforchange.Thetwofirmshavewarnedallpartiesinthetransactionchain一merchant,network,bank一thatiftheydon'tbecomeEMV-compliantbyOctober2023,thepartythatisleastcompliantwillbearthefraudrisk.[N]Inthemeantime,app-equippedsmartphonesanddigitalwallets—allofwhichcanuseEMVtechnology—arebeginningtomakeinroads（侵袭）oncardsandcash.PayPal,forinstance,istestinganappthatletsyouuseyourmobilephonetopayontheflyatlocalmerchants—withoutsurrenderinganycardinformationtothem.Andfurtherdowntheroadisbiometricauthentication,whichcouldbeencryptedwith,say,afingerprint.[O]Creditanddebitcards,though,aregoingtobewithusfortheforeseeablefuture,andsoarehackers,ifwestickwithmagstripetechnology."Itseemscrazytome,"saysGumbley,whoisEnglish,"thatacutting-edge-technologycountryisdependingona40-year-oldtechnology."That'swhyitmaybeuptoconsumerstomovetheneedleonchipandPIN.SaysRobertson:‘‘Whenyougettheconsumerintoapositionofworryandinconvenience,that'swheretherubberhitstheroad."46.It'sbesttouseanEMVcardforinternationaltravel.47.Personalinformationoncreditanddebitcardsisincreasinglyvulnerabletohacking.48.TheFrenchcardcompaniesadoptedEMVtechnologypartlybecauseofinefficienttelephoneservice.49.WhilemanycountriesusethesmarterEMVcards,theU.S.stillclingstoitsoldmagstripetechnology.50.Attemptsarebeingmadetopreventhackersfromcarryingoutidentitytheft.51.Creditcardsaremuchsafertousethandebitcards.52.Bigbankshavebeenreluctanttoswitchtomoresecuretechnologybecauseofthehighercostsinvolved.53.Thepotentialliabilityforretailersusingmagstripeisfarmorecostlythanupgradingtheirregisters.54.TheuseofmagstripecardsbyAmericanretailersleavesconsumersexposedtotherisksoflosingaccountinformation.55.ConsumerswillbeadrivingforcebehindtheconversionfrommagstripetoEMVtechnology.仔细阅读实际只考了两套PartIV Translation汉朝是中国历史上最重要旳朝代之一。汉朝统治期间有诸多明显旳成就。它最先向其他文化敞开大门，对外贸易兴旺。汉朝开拓旳丝網之路通向了中西亚乃至罗马。各类艺术一派繁华，涌现了诸多文学、历史、哲学巨著。公元123年中国第一部字典编撰完毕，收入9000个字，提供释义并列举不一样旳写法。其间，科技方面也获得了很大进步，发明了纸张、水钟、日暴(sundials)以及测量地震旳仪器。汉朝历经423年，但统治者旳腐败最终导致了它旳灭亡。2023年6月大学英语六级考试真题(三)答案注：第三套试题旳听力和仔细阅读与前面两套同样，故不再反复。写作DoingSmallThingsinaGreatWayThroughouttheages,onlyafewpeoplecanclimbtheladderofsuccesstothetopandbeadmiredbytheworld.Whatmaysurpriseusisthatmostpeopleachievesuccessbydoingsmallthingsinagreatway.Justasthesayinggoes,“Ifyoucannotdogreatthings,dosmallthingsinagreatway.”Thatmeansonedoesnotnecessarilybecomeagreatman,buthecanstillbesuccessfulandwinrespectfromothersbydoingcommonworkinaperfectway.Actually,historyaboundswithexamplestoprovethissaying.ThelateCEOofApple,SteveJobs,isacaseinpoint.Hewassoaddictedtodetailsthathecouldnotstoppushinghisstafftopursueperfectionindesignandproduction.ItisduetohisfocusonsmallthingsthatApplehasmadegreatsuccessinthemobilefield,producingproductsthatarenotonlyinnovative,butalsosuperior.Ascollegestudents,weshouldkeepinmindthatitisofgreatnecessityforustoenhanceourselvesbydoingsmallthingsperfectly.Onlywhenallsmallthingsaddupcanmanyimpossibilitiesbemadepossible.听力1.C)Themanisunhappywiththewoman’sremark.2.C)Noneofthepassengerswereinjuredorkilled.3.D)Atacommercialbank.4.D)Therestaurantwasnotuptothespeakers’expectations.5.A)Prof.Laurenceisgoingintoanactiveretirement.6.B)FindingareplacementforLeon.7.D)Helenhasbeenlookingforwardtotheexhibition.8.A)Thespeakerssharethesameopinion.9.B)Itisstimulating.10.A)Aquickpromotion.11.D)Hehastosignalong-termcontract.12.C)Themanisintheprocessofjobhunting.13.A)Toinquireabouttheinterestratesatthewoman’sbank.14.B)Athree-monthdeposit.15.C)Sheofferedhimdiningcoupons.16.D)Theabilitytopredictfashiontrends.17.A)Purchasinghandicraftsfromallovertheworld.18.C)Sheisdoingwhatsheenjoysdong.19.C)Itrepresentsseveralcountriesthatexportcoffee.20.A)ThefreezingweatherinBrazil.21.B)Heisyoung,handsomeandsingle.22.B)Coffeepricesandhisadvertisingcampaign.23.D)Theyweredelayedbythetrainforhours.24.A)Itwascanceledbecauseofanunexpectedstrike.25.B)Stayathome.26.puzzled27.suicide28.creatures29.sufficiently30.migration31.destructive32.floatonwater33.ahugebodyof34.assume35.obstacle阅读36-40CcontrolledLslashMspecializingKprofessionalsEforged41-45AaccountableFincentivesBcapacityHoverstatedOsubsequently46-50HSomebigbanks,likeWellsFargo,arenowofferingtoconvertyourBSwipe(刷卡)istheoperativeword:cardsareincreasinglyvulnerabletoattacksGChip-and-PINcards,bycontrast,makefakecardsorskimmingimpossibleCThesolutioncouldcostaslittleas$2extraforeverypieceofplasticissued.AAthinmagneticstrip(magstripe)isallthatstandsbetweenyourcredit-card51-55IKeepinmind,too,thatcreditcardstypicallyhavebetterliabilityprotectionDWhyhaventbigbanksadoptedthemoresecuretechnology?LTheTargetandNeimanhackshavealsochan