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2022年河南省南阳市大学英语6级大学英语六级真题(含答案)学校:________班级:________姓名:________考号:________
一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20题)1.
HispanicwomeninAmericahavethehighestTFRamongalltheethnicgroups.
A.YB.NC.NG
2.
Whomightdisliketheideaofarrangingbooksbytheircolors?
A.Thosewholikepaintingonthebookshelves.
B.Thosewhotendtoarrangeanythingscientifically.
C.Thosewhoarecolor-blind.
D.Thosewhousuallycannotrememberthecolorsofbooks.
3.
It'sadvisedtoextendyourprofessionalintereststofieldsthatcomplementandleveragethework
4.
Itcanbeinferredfromthispassagethattheauthor'sideaabouthowtosolveIran'snuclearissuecarcomparedtoaChinesesaying:"Notbothendsofthesugarcane______”.
5.
TheAmericanWestislikelytosufferfrommoredramatic______ifthetrendsofmeltingglaciers,earlysnowmeltandseveredroughtscontinue.
6.
Technologicalinnovation______causessecurityproblems.
7.Whyaresleddogssaidtobephysicalwonders?
A.Becausetheyareraisedbywolves.
B.Becausetheycanstandmostsevereweather.
C.BecausetheyarefastestrunneramongArcticanimals.
D.Becausetheycanbeargoodslikehorsesdo.
8.
Aboutthebuzzingprodigies,peopleargue______.
9.SuggestionsforYourWork
Annieisalongtimesecretary/receptionistfortwoseniorvicepresidentsatabigcompany.Theyhavebeendoingalotofhiringlately,andalmostallofthenewmiddle-managementpersonnelhavebeeninterviewedbyoneortheotherofAnnie'stwobosses,sonaturallytheycomethroughherofficefirst.
Someofthesepeopleareunbelievablyrude.EithertheytreatAnnielikeapieceoffurniture(nohello,noeyecontact)ortheythinksheistheirerrand(差使)girl.Lately,Annie'stwobosseshavestartedaskingherforherimpressionsofjobcandidates.Sofarthisweek,twohavebeendiscourteous(失礼的)anddismissive,soAnniegaveboththethumbs-down.Neitherisgettingcalledbackforthenextroundofinterviews.
Nooneknowshowcommonthisis,butifyouarejobhunting,it'snecessarytobeawarethatthedummyatthereceptiondeskmaybeanythingbutnot"justasecretary".
SuggestionstoJobHunters
AccordingtoAnnieStevensandGregGostanian,twopartnersataBoston-basedexecutivecoachingfirmcalledClearRock,it'snotunusualthesedaysforahiringmanagertoaskeveryonewhomeetsapotentialnewhiretogiveanopinionofhimorher."Oneofthebiggestreasonssomanynewlyrecruitedmanagersfailinanewjobistheirinabilitytofitinandgetalongwiththepeoplewhoarealreadythere,"saysStevens."Soemployersnowwanttogetstaffers'impressionsrightatthestart."
AddsGostanian:"Alotcanbelearnedfromhowcandidatestreatreceptionists.Ifthejobseekerisrude,condescending,orarrogant,thismightbeanindicationofhowheorshewouldtreatcow0rkersordirectreports."
Obviously,anyonelookingforanewjobwoulddowellnottoalienatethepersonwhositsoutsidetheinterviewer'sdoor.StevensandGostanianofferthesesixtipsforgettingofftotherightstart:
-Introduceyourselfasyouwouldtoanyotherpotentialnewcolleague.Smile,shakehands,andsoon.Itseemsoddthatthishastobespelledout,butapparentlyitdoes;and,besidesbeingamatterofcommoncourtesy,ordinaryfriendlinessoffersapracticaladvantage."Learningandrememberinganinterviewer'sreceptionist'snamecanonlyhelpasyouadvanceintheinterviewingprocess,"Stevensnotes.
-Don'tregardareceptionistorotherassistantasanunderling(部下)—atleast,notasyourownpersonalunderling."Alwaysasktheinterviewerifyouneedhelpfromanyoneelseintheofficewhereyou'reinterviewing,insteadofseekingthisdirectlyyourself,"saysGostanian.Inotherwords,ifyou'dliketoleaveanextracopyofyou'resume,refrainfromsendingtheinterviewer'sassistanttotheXeroxmachine.
-It'sfinetoacceptifyou'reofferedabeverage,butkeepitsimple."Don'taskforparticularbrandnamesorexpecttobebrewedafreshpotofcoffee,"Stevenssays.Andofcourse,needweaddthatdispatchinganybodytoStarbucksisoutofthequestion?
-Feelfreetomakesmalltalk,butknowthatanythingyousaymaywellgetbacktotheinterviewer."Don'taskprobingquestionsaboutthecompanyorofferunsolicitedopinions,"Gostanianadvises.Nomatterhowhideoustheofficedoor,endlessthehikefromtheparkinglot,orinconvenientthewaittoseetheinterviewer,keepittoyourself.Plentyoftimeforwhining(抱怨)andgrumblingalteryou'rehired.
-Don'ttalkonyourcellphoneinfrontofthereceptionist,andtrytoputyourBlackBerryaside."Ifyouhavetomakeortakeacall,leavethereceptionarea,"Stevenssays.Preoccupationwithwirelessdeviceswillmarkyou,shesays,as"acoldandfixatedperson".
-Don'tforgettosaygood-bye."Failuretosaygood-byetosomeoneyou'vejustmetreflectsnegativelyonyou,"Gostaniannotes."You'llcomeacrossasimpersonalanduncaring."That'shardlythe
A.YB.NC.NG
10.GlobalWarming
Ⅰ.INTRODUCTION
Globalwarmingincreasesintheaveragetemperatureoftheatmosphere,oceans,andland-massesofEarth.Theplanethaswarmedmanytimesduringthe4.65billionyearsofitshistory.AtpresentEarthappearstobefacingarapidwarming,whichmostscientistsbelieveresults,atleastinpart,fromhumanactivities.Thechiefcauseofthiswarmingisthoughttobetheburningoffossilfuels,suchascoal,oil,andnaturalgas,whichreleasesintotheatmospherecarbondioxideandothersubstancesknownasgreenhousegases.Astheatmospherebecomesricherinthesegases,itbecomesabetterinsulator,retainingmoreoftheheatprovidedtotheplanetbytheSun.
TheaveragesurfacetemperatureofEarthisabout15Celsiusdegree.Overthelastcentury,thisaveragehasrisenbyabout0.6Celsiusdegree.Scientistspredictfurtherwarmingof1.4to5.8Celsiusdegreesbytheyear2100.Thistemperatureriseisexpectedtomeltpolaricecapsandglaciersaswellaswarmtheoceans,allofwhichwillexpandoceanvolumeandraisesealevelbyanestimated9to100cm,floodingsomecoastalregionsandevenentireislands.Someregionsinwarmerclimateswillreceivemorerainfallthanbefore,butsoilswilldryoutfasterbetweenstorms.Thissoildesiccationmaydamagefoodcrops,disruptingfoodsuppliesinsomepartsoftheworld.Plantandanimalspecieswillshifttheirrangestowardthepolesortohigherelevationsseekingcoolertemperatures,andspeciesthatcannotdosomaybecomeextinct.Thepotentialconsequencesofglobalwarmingaresogreatthatmanyoftheworld'sleadingscientistshavecalledforinternationalcooperationandimmediateactiontocounteracttheproblem.
Ⅱ.THEGREENHOUSEEFFECT
TheenergythatlightsandwarmsEarthcomesfromtheSun.Mostoftheenergythatfloodsontoourplanetisshort-waveradiation,includingvisiblelight.WhenthisenergystrikesthesurfaceofEarth,theenergychangesfromlighttoheatandwarmsEarth.Earth'ssurface,inturn,releasessomeofthisheataslong-waveinfraredradiation.
Muchofthislong-waveinfraredradiationmakesitallthewaybackouttospace,butaportionremainstrappedinEarth'satmosphere.Certaingasesintheatmosphere,includingwatervapor,carbondioxide,andmethane,providethetrap.AbsorbingandreflectinginfraredwavesradiatedbyEarth,thesegasesconserveheatastheglassinagreenhousedoesandarethusknownasgreenhousegases.Astheconcentrationofthesegreenhousegasesintheatmosphereincreases,moreheatenergyremainstrappedbelow.AlllifeonEarthreliesonthisgreenhouseeffectwithoutit,theplanetwouldbecolderbyabout33Celsiusdegrees,andicewouldcoverEarthfrompoletopole.However,agrowingexcessofgreenhousegasesinEarth'satmospherethreatenstotipthebalanceintheotherdirectiontowardcontinualwarming.
Ⅲ.TYPESOFGREENHOUSEGASES
Greenhousegasesoccurnaturallyintheenvironmentandalsoresultfromhumanactivities.Byfarthemostabundantgreenhousegasiswatervapor,whichreachestheatmospherethroughevaporationfromoceans,lakes,andrivers.
Carbondioxideisthenextmostabundantgreenhousegas.Itflowsintotheatmospherefrommanynaturalprocesses,suchasvolcaniceruptions;therespirationofanimals,whichbreatheinoxygenandexhalecarbondioxide;andtheburningordecayoforganicmatter,suchasplants.Carbondioxideleavestheatmospherewhenitisabsorbedintooceanwaterandthroughthephotosynthesisofplants,especiallytrees.Photosynthesisbreaksupcarbondioxide,releasingoxygenintotheatmosphereandincorporatingthecarbonintonewplanttissue.
Humansescalatetheamountofcarbondioxidereleasedtotheatmospherewhentheyburnfossilfuels,solidwastes,andwoodandwoo
A.YB.NC.NG
11.
Organicagriculturehasbecomeabigindustryasmoreandmorefarmersareswitchingtoit.
A.YB.NC.NG
12.
Newscientificdataprovethat______havebeenmuchmoredevastatingthanpeoplethoughtatthetimewhentheydecidedtotakeaction.
13.
WritersofMarkTwain'stimedoesnetseehimashighlyasthelaterwritersdo.
A.YB.NC.NG
14.Whatkindofanimalaffectedbyman-madechemicalsisnotreferredinthepassage?
A.Polarbears.B.Mammals.C.People.D.Birds.
15.
Inthe1960SouthAmericatsunami,whenthethirdwavecame,itreachedtheheightof______.
16.
BoththetechnologyWal-Martadoptedanditsfrugalcultureservethecompany'scentralgoalof______aslowaspossible.
17.
Americans'shortcomingsinsciencearevast,andunfortunately______ismakingeffortstodefeatthem.
18.
Aftertheygetthehostages,thehostage-takersusuallydeclaretheirdemandsduringthenegotiationphase.
A.YB.NC.NG
19.HowmuchcornplantedintheU.S.lastyearwasgeneticallymodified?
A.Morethanhalf.
B.65millionacres.
C.Onethird.
D.Threequarters.
20.
Intheexperimenttherecruitersshouldsnaptheirfingerswhentheydecide______.
二、3.ListeningComprehension(20题)21.(34)
A.Becausethefurnituretheygetinthiswayisnew.
B.Becauseitsavesthemalotofmoney.
C.Becauseitsavesthemmuchtroubleandmoney.
D.Becausetheycangetbetterqualityfurnitureinthisway.
22.
【B6】
23.(31)
A.Paythebillsrightaway.
B.Readthemagazinesveryquickly.
C.Sortthearticlesintocategoriesforlaterreference.
D.Stopbuyingmagazineswhichyoudon’havetimetoread.
24.(35)
A.Thespeakerswouldusetoomuchpower.
B.Thespeakerswoulddecreasethequalityofthesound.
C.Theheadphonewouldbealighterreplacement.
D.Therecordingmechanismcouldtaketheplaceofspeakers.
25.
【B7】
26.听力原文:Therearemanyfamousmuseumsthroughouttheworldwherepeoplecanenjoyart.WashingtonD.C.hastheNationalGalleryofArt;ParishastheLouvre.FloridaInternationalUniversityinMiamialsodisplaysartforpeopletosee.Anditdoessowithoutabuilding,orevenawallforitsdrawingsandpaintings.
FloridaInternationalUniversityhasopenedwhatitsaysthefirstcomputerartmuseumintheUnitedStates.Youdon'thavetovisittheuniversitytoseetheart.Youjustneedacomputerlinkedtoatelephone.
Youcallthetelephonenumberofauniversitycomputerandconnectyourowncomputertoit.Alloftheartisstoredintheschoolcomputer.Itiscomputerart,createdelectronicallybyartistsontheirowncomputers.Inonlyafewminutes,yourcomputercanreceiveandcopyallthepicturesanddrawings.
RobertShostakisdirectorofthenewcomputermuseum.Hesayshestartedthemuseumbecausecomputerartistshadnoplacetoshowtheirwork.
Acomputerartistcouldonlyrecordhispictureselectronicallyandsendtherecords,ordiscs,tootherstoseeontheircomputers.Hecouldalsoputhispicturesonpaper.Buttoprintgoodpicturesonpaper,thecomputerartistneededanexpensivelaserprinter.
RobertShostaksaystheelectronicmuseumismostlyforartorcomputerstudentsatschoolsanduniversities.Mostofthepicturesinthemuseumaremadebystudents.MisterShostaksaystheFloridaInternationalUniversitymuseumwillmakecomputerartmorefunforcomputerartistsbecausemorepeoplecanseeit.Hesaysartistsenjoytheirworkmuchmoreiftheycanhaveanaudience.AndthegreatnumberofhomecomputersinAmericacouldmeanahugeaudiencefortheelectronicmuseum.
(33)
A.InParis.B.InLondon.C.InMiami.D.InWashingtonD.C.
27.听力原文:M:Youwouldn'timaginehowlongthelineatthetelecommunicationsbusinesshall.Iwaitedmorethananhourtogetthroughitwithanemptystomach.
W:WhatcanIsay?That'swhatyougetforwaitinguntilthelastdayofthemonth.
Q:Whatdoesthewomanimply?
(14)
A.Sheisnotintheplacetojudge.
B.Themanshouldblamehimself.
C.Thebusinessdeservestheman'swaiting.
D.Sheisnotgoodatgivingadvice.
28.(24)
A.English.B.History.C.Biology.D.Geography.
29.SectionB
Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.
听力原文:Atonetimeitwasthemostimportantcityintheregion--abustlingcommercialcenterknownforitsmassivemonuments,itscrowdedstreetsandcommercialdistricts,anditsculturalandreligiousinstitutions.Then,suddenly,itwasabandoned.Withinagenerationmostofitspopulationdepartedand'theatoncemagnificentcitybecameallbutaghosttown.Thisisthehistoryofapre-ColumbiacitycalledTeotihuacan.ThenameistheAztecword,whichmeans"theplacethegodcallshome".Itwasonceametropolisofasmanyas2,000,000inhabitants33milesnorthwestofpresent-dayMexicoCity.AnditwasalsothefocusofagreatempirethatstretchedfromthearidplainsofcentralMexicotothemountainofGuatemala.
Whydidthiscitydie?Researchershavefoundnosignsofepidemicdiseaseordestructiveinvasions.ButtheyhavefoundsignsthatsuggesttheTeotihuacanosthemselvesburnedtheirtemplesandsomeoftheirotherbuildings.Therewereevidencerevealedthatpilesofweedhadbeenplacedaroundthesestructuresandsetfire.SomespeculatethatTeotihuacan'sinhabitantsmayhaveabandonedthecitybecauseithadbecome"aclumsygiant..."Butotherexpertsthinkthattheancientinhabitantsmayhavedestroyedtheirtemplesandabandonedtheircityinrageagainsttheirgodsforpermittingalongfamine.
(27)
A.It'snearMexicoCity.
B.It'sinGuatemala.
C.It'sstretchedfromtheplainsofcentralMexicotothemountainsofGuatemala.
D.It'sinAmerica.
30.(42)
31.
【B10】
32.听力原文:W:OhGod!whydidn'tyouwatchwhereyouaregoing?Lookatmyfender(挡泥板)!
M:Youshouldletmeover!Couldn'tyouseemesignaling?Don'tyouevenknowhowtodrive?Q:Whathappenedbetweenthetwospeakers?
(15)
A.Thetwooldfriendsmetonthestreetunexpectedly.
B.Theircarsknockedintoeachother.
C.Theyquarreledwitheachother.
D.Theyarguedabouthowtodriveontheroad.
33.听力原文:M:Dear,whatshallwehavefordinnertoday?
W:Oh,I'verunoutofideasfordinnermenus.
Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?
(18)
A.Shedidn'thaveanyfoodfordinner.
B.Sheranouttogetdinnermenus.
C.Sheranouttobuyfoodfordinner.
D.Shecan'tthinkofanythingtomakefordinner.
34.(28)
A.Childhoodinhisnativehome,Texas.
B.WorkingascongressionalsecretaryinWashington.
C.VacationingathisranchinTexas.
D.PresidencyintheWhiteHouse.
35.听力原文:M:WoulditbealrightifItookyourpictureandaskedyouafewquestions?I'majournalistwritingamagazinestoryaboutforeignerslivinginourcity.
W:Well,youmayaskthequestionsfirst.
Q:Whatdoesthemanwantthewomantodo?
(16)
A.Tohelphimfindamagazine.
B.Toworkasajournalistforhim.
C.Towriteamagazinestoryforhim.
D.Totellaboutherlifeexperiencehere.
36.(16)
A.Theirparentscutbacktheloantothem.
B.Thewomandoesn'twanttotakeanotherEnglishcourse.
C.Theycan'taffordtherentofthismonth.
D.Thewoman'sbossrefusedtogiveheraraise.
37.听力原文:Lifestyle.isthewayapersonlives;itincludeswork,leisuretime,hobbies,otherinterests,andpersonalphilosophy.(29)Oneperson'slifestyle.maybedominatedbywork,includingfewsocialactivities.Another'smayinvolvehobbles,recreationalactivities,orpersonalphilosophy.
Thereislittledoubtthatlifestyle.arechangingandthatthesechangeswillhaveaninfluenceonthewaybusinessoperatesintheyearsahead.Severalfactorsarecausinglifestyle.changesinUSsociety.
First,thereismoreleisuretimethaneverbefore.(30)Theworkweekisnowlessthanfortyhours,ascomparedtoseventyhoursacenturyago.Someexpertsbelieveitwillbetwenty-fivehoursorlessbeforetheyear2000.Severalfirmshaveadoptedfour-dayworkweekswithmorehoursperday.Othershavecutthenumberofhoursworkedeachweek.Reducedworkschedulesmeanincreasedleisuretime.
Second,familieshavefewerchildrenthanbeforeandyoungcouplesarepostponingchildbirthinsteadofhavingtheirchildrenearlyinthemarriages.(31)Thistrendhasforcedmanybusinessestomodifytheircompetitivestrategies.GerberProductsCompanyusedtoadvertise"babiesareourbusiness--ouronlybusiness."NowGerberproductsincludeinfantclothing,stuffedanimals,andaccessoriessuchasbottles,baby'scarriages,andbabypowder.
Third,peoplearebettereducatedandmoreprosperousnowthantheywereearlier.Theseadvantagesbringwiththemthefreedomtoquestioncurrentlifestylesandexaminenewones.Inquiriesofthisnaturehavesometimesledtopersonallifestyle.changes.
(30)
A.Thechangesoflifestyleshavenoinfluenceonbusiness.
B.Differentpeoplemayhavecompletelydifferentlifestyles.
C.It'sdoubtfulwhatlifestylesarechanging.
D.Lifestylesofdifferentpeoplearethesame.
38.(43)
39.
【B3】
40.
【B11】
三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20题)41.
Howistelevisionsaidtodistortlifeinreportingwarfareandconflicts?
A.TVteachesthatalllifestylesandvaluesareequal.
B.Peoplearepreoccupiedwithfantasticideasaboutwars.
C.Onthetelevisionscreen,peopleseeadirty,bloodymess.
D.Televisionpresentsimagesofhumancarnageinaform.ofentertainmentprogram.
42.
Comparedwithretireesnowadays,thoseinthepasttwentyyears______.
A.werelessinterestedinparticipatinginlearningactivities
B.hadlesschoicesintheplacesandformsoflearning
C.hadnoopportunitytoengagethemselvesinlearning
D.wereofferedwithdulllearningactivitiesbyinstitutes
43.Theproblemthatthepopulationbecomesaging______.
A.isexceptionaltoGermany
B.hasbecomeuniversal
C.canberelievedinJapanwiththeshrinkageofitspopulationtoaround95m
D.makestheeconomicoutlookinthedevelopedcountriesevenmoregloomy
44.
Thepassageisapieceof______.
A.descriptionB.narrationC.argumentationD.disposition
45.Thefirstparagraphsuggeststhat______.
A.environmentiscrucialforwildlife
B.tourbooksarenotalwaysareliablesourceofinformation
C.Londonisacityoffox
D.foxesarehighlyadaptabletoenvironment
46.Whydoyoungblackpeoplehavethehighestlevelofself-respect?
A.Theyareinspiredbyblacksuperstarathletesandentertainers.
B.Thesubculturetheyliveinmakesthemsatisfiedandrespectable.
C.Thewhiteyouthsrespecttheblackpeoplealot.
D.Theblackpeopleleadagreatlysatisfactorylife.
47.Publicrelationsismanagementfunctionthatcreates,develops,andcarriesoutpoliciesandprogramstoinfluencepublicopinionorpublicreactionaboutanidea,aproduct,oranorganization.Thefieldofpublicrelationshasbecomeanimportantpartoftheeconomic,socialandpoliticalpatternoflifeinmanynations.Thatfieldincludesadvertising,promotionalactivities,andpresscontact.Publicrelationsalsoexistsatthesametimeinbusinesswithmarketingandmerchandisingtocreatetheclimateinwhichallsellingfunctionsoccur.
Publicrelationsactivitiesinthemodernworldhelpinstitutionstocopesuccessfullywithmanyproblems,tobuildprestigeforanindividualoragroup,topromoteproducts,andtowinelections.Themajorityofpublicrelationsworkersarestaffemployeesworkingwithinacorporateorinstitutionalframework.Othersoperateinpublicrelationscounselingfirms.
Inindustry,publicrelationspersonnelkeepmanagementinformedofchangesintheopinionsofVariouspublics(thatis,thegroupsofpeoplewhosesupportisneeded):employees,stockholders(股东),customers,suppliers,dealers,thecommunity,andthegovernment.Theseprofessionalscounselmanagementastotheimpactofanyactionorlackofactiononthebehavior.ofthetargetaudiences.Onceanorganizationaldecisionhasbeenmade,thepublicrelationspersonhasthetaskofcommunicatingthisinformationtothepublicusingmethodsthatpromoteunderstanding,anddesiredbehavior.Forexample,ahospitalmerger,anindustrialplantclosing,ortheintroductionofanewproductallrequirepublicrelationsplanningandskill.
Publicrelationsactivitiesareamajorpartofthepoliticalaffairsinmanynations.Politiciansseekingoffice,governmentagenciesseekingacceptanceandcooperation,officialsseekingsupportfortheirpolicies,andforeigngovernmentsseekingaidandalliesabroadallmakeextensiveuseofcounselingservicesprovidedbypublicrelationsspecialists.
Publicrelationsalsoplayanimportantroleintheentertainmentindustry.Thetheater,motionpictures,sports,restaurants,andindividualsallusepublicrelationsservicestoincreasetheirbusinessoraddtotheirimage.Otherpublicrelationsclientsareeducational,socialserviceandcharitableinstitutions,tradeunions,religiousgroups,andprofessionalsocieties.
Thesuccessfulpublicrelationspractitioner(从业者)isaspecialistincommunicationartsandpersuasion.Specializedskillsarerequiredtohandlepublicopinionresearch,mediarelations,directmailactivities,institutionaladvertising,publications,filmandvideoproduction,andspecialevents.Publicrelationsservicesaresofarvirtuallyunusedinmanydevelopingnations,buttheyarelikelytobeafuturegovernmentconcern.
InParagraphOne,theauthormainlytellsus_________.
A.themethodsofpublicrelations
B.theactivitiesofpublicrelations
C.thefunctionsofpublicrelations
D.thedefinitionofpublicrelations
48.
【C2】
49.
Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat______.
A.themorewetrytocontrolourpartnersandrelationships,thebetterwecanenjoylove
B.themorefrequentlywefallinlove,themoreintelligentwe'llbe
C.themoreemotionallymatureacoupleare,themoreharmonioustheywilllive
D.it'sunrealisticforyoutosearchfortruelovefromothers
50.
Thearticlewaswrittentoexplain______.
A.thegreenhouseeffect
B.thesolareffectsontheearth
C.thegreenhouseeffect
D.thecausesaffectingweather
51.
Whatisthepropermeaningoftheword"cue"inthesecondparagraph?
A.Communication.B.Hint.C.Explanation.D.Production.
52.
Oneofthereasonswhycommercialsareabletoattractviewerattentionisthat______.
A.thehumanvoicesincommercialshavemoreauditoryimpact
B.peoplelikecheerfulsongsthatchangedramaticallyinsoundquality
C.high-frequencysoundsareusedtomasksoundsthatdrownouttheprimarymessage
D.theypossesssoundqualifiesthatmaketheviewerfeelthatsomethingunusualishappening
53.
Intheeconomicdownturn,obesityandpublichealtharelikelytoworsenbecauseoflowerlevelof______.
54.
BothFelixWarnekenandJosepCallagreethat______.
A.thestudyconfirmsusofthecollaborativebehavior.ingorillas
B.chimpanzeesalsohavetilesamebehavior.asthegorillas
C.it'soutofquestionthatgorillashavetheoryofmind
D.onlygorillascouldgivecollaborativebehavior
55.
ThepurposeofVolunteersinMedicineisto______.
A.helpretiredmedicalworkersimprovetheirincomes
B.providefreemedicalservicestothosewhoneedthem
C.urgethegovernmenttosetupnon-profitclinics
D.makethedreamoftheauthor'sfathercometrue
56.
【C5】
57.SectionA
Directions:Inthissection,thereisashortpassagewith5questionsorincompletestatements.Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.
Sincethedawnofhumaningenuity,peoplehavedevisedevermorecunningtoolstocopewithworkthatisdangerous,boring,burdensome,orjustplainnasty.Thatcompulsionhasresultedinrobotics—thescienceofconferringvarioushumancapabilitiesonmachines.Andifscientistshaveyettocreatethemechanicalversionofsciencefiction,theyhavebeguntocomeclose.
Asaresult,themodernworldisincreasinglypopulatedbyintelligentgizmoswhosepresencewebarelynoticebutwhoseuniversalexistencehasremovedmuchhumanlabor.Ourfactorieshumtotherhythmofrobotassemblyarms.Ourbankingisdoneatautomatedtellerterminalsthatthankuswithmechanicalpolitenessforthetransaction.Oursubwaytrainsarecontrolledbytirelessrobotdrivers.Andthankstothecontinualminiaturizationofelectronicsandmicromechanics,therearealreadyrobotsystemsthatcanperform.somekindsofbrainandbonesurgerywithsubmillimeteraccuracy—fargreaterprecisionthanhighlyskilledphysicianscanachievewiththeirhandsalone.
Butifrobotsaretoreachthenextstageoflaborsavingutility,theywillhavetooperatewithlesshumansupervisionandbeabletomakeatleastafewdecisionsforthemselves—goalsthatposearealchallenge."Whileweknowhowtotellarobottohandleaspecificerror,"saysDaveLavery,mangerofaroboticsprogramatNASA,"wecan'tyetgivearobotenoughcommonsensetoreliablyinteractwithadynamicworld."
Indeedthequestfortrueartificialintelligencehasproducedverymixedresults.Despiteaspellofinitialoptimisminthe1960sand1970swhenitappearedthattransistorcircuitsandmicroprocessorsmightbeabletocopytheactionofthehumanbrainbytheyear2010,researcherslatelyhavebeguntoextendthatforecastbydecadesifnotcenturies.
Whattheyfound,inattemptingtomodelthought,isthatthehumanbrain’sroughlyonehundredbillionnervecellsaremuchmoretalented—andhuman
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