2021届北京市第五十中学高三英语下学期期末试题及答案解析

2021届北京市第五十中学高三英语下学期期末试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AInhis402ndanniversaryyear,Shakespeareisstillrightlycelebratedasagreatlanguagemasterandwriter.Buthewasnottheonlygreatmasterofplaywritingtodiein1616,andheiscertainlynottheonlywritertohaveleftalastinginfluenceontheater.Whilelessknownworldwide,TangXianzuisconsideredoneofChinasgreatestplaywrightsandishighlyspokenofinthatcountryofancientliteraryanddramatictraditions.Tangwasbornin1550inLinchuan,Jiangxiprovince.UnlikeShakespeare'slargebodyofplays,poemsandsonnets（十四行诗）,Tangwroteonlyfourmajorplays:ThePurpleHairpin,PeonyPavilion（《牡丹亭》）,ADreamundertheSouthernbough,andDreamofHandan.Thelatterthreewereconstructedaroundadreamnarrative,awaythroughwhichTangunlockedtheemotionaldimensionofhumandesiresandambitionsandexploredhumannaturebeyondthesocialandpoliticallimitsofthattime.SimilartoShakespeare,Tang'ssuccessrodethewaveofarenaissance（复兴）intheaterasanartisticpractice.AsinShakespeare'sEngland,Tang'sworksbecamehugelypopularinChinatoo.DuringTang'sChina,hisplayswereenjoyedperformed,andchanged.KunquOpera,aformofmusicaldrama,spreadfromsouthernChinatothewholenationandbecameasymbolofChineseculture.Combiningnortherntuneandsouthernmusic,kunquOperawasknownforitspoeticlanguage,music,dancemovementsandgestures.Tang'sworksbenefitedgreatlyfromthepopularityofkunquOpera,andhisplaysareconsideredclassicsofkunquOpera.WhileTangandShakespearelivedinaworldawayfromeachother,therearemanythingstheyshareincommon,suchehumanityoftheirdrama,theirheroicfigures,theirloveforpoeticlanguage,alastingpopularityandtheanniversaryduringwhichwestillcelebratethem.WhyisShakespearementionedinthefirstparagraph?TodescribeShakespeare'sanniversary.TointroducetheexistenceofTangXianzu.ToexplaintheimportanceofShakespeare.TosuggestthelesspopularityofTangXianzu.What'spossiblyoneofthemainthemeofTang'sworks?A.Socialreality. B.Femaledreams.C.Humanemotions. D.Politicalenvironment.WhatdoestheauthormainlytellusinParagraph4?TheinfluenceofKunquOperaonTang'sworks.Tang'ssuccessincopyingShakespeare'sstyles.ThewayKunquOperabecameasymbolofChineseculture.Tang'spopularityforhispoeticlanguageandmusic.BOver180teenagegirlsfromLixianCountyNo.1MiddleSchoolinLongnancity,Gansuprovince,listenedcarefullytoalectureaboutneuroscience（神经科学）.ItwasdeliveredbyadirectoroftheexperimentalsurgerydepartmentatTheSecondAffiliatedHospitaloftheAirForceMedicalUniversityinXi’an.Thestudentsalsojoinedascienceclasstomakepaperrocketstolaunchintothesky.Aplasticbottlewasconnectedwithalongpipejoinedtotheendoftherocket,andstudentssteppedheavilyonthemiddleofthebottlesohardthattheairpressureshottherocketupward.Theprogramstartedin2016asaone-weeksummercampinBeijingthatinvitedfemalestudentstotakesciencecoursesandtointeractwithwomeninscience.Itaimstostir（激发）aninterestinscienceandtechnologyamongfemalestudents.“I’mexcitedtotaketheopportunitybecauseit’sbeenmybiggestwishtopopularizescienceamongstudents.Theycanbroadentheireyesandhopefullysomeofthemwilldevotethemselvestothefieldofneuroscience,”thedirectorsays.“It’snecessarytobringmoreoftheseactivitiesoncampus.I’mwillingtocommunicatewithteenagers,someofwhomaskdeepandthoughtfulquestionsthatIwouldneverthinkof.”Thekeytosciencepopularizationistoimbue（灌输）otherswiththespiritofscience.Somescientificandtechnologicalworkershavedevotedthemselvestoajobinacertainfieldandtheyenjoythepleasureofscientificresearch.FemaleChinesescientificandtechnologicalworkerssometimeshavetodoubletheireffortstoreceivethesametreatmentorrecognitionasthosemalescientificworkers.However,afteryearsofcontinuedeffort,thesituationwillimprove,showingtheincreasingnumberoffemalescientistsinChina.Whatisthepurposeoftheprogram?Topraisetheeffortsofwomenscientists.Tofindouthowmuchgirlslovescience.Todevelopinterestinscienceamonggirls.D.ToshowloveforstudentsinWesternChina.Howdoesthedirectorthinkoftheprogram?A.Important. B.Challenging. C.Confusing. D.Serious.Whatisthemostimportantinsciencepopularization?Enjoyingthefunofscientificresearch.Fillingpeoplewiththespiritofscience.Holdingmorescientificactivitiesoncampus.Forcingstudentstochoosescientificsubjects.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?Onecangoanywhereifhe/shelearnssciencewell.Peoplehaveastrongersenseofsciencethanbefore.Malescientistsaremucheasilyrecognizedthanfemaleones.ThedirectorgraduatedfromLixianCountyNo.1MiddleSchool.CCokewasintroducedbytheCocaColacompanyin1886,makingitarathertrueandtestedfavoriteofgenerationsofpeopleinover200countries.Thislistshouldgiveyousomeideasonhowtogetmorefromyourcokethanusual..CocaColaisanexcellentrustbuster（除锈剂）.Ifyouhaveabunchofsmallrustyobjects,putthemincokeovernightandgivethemagoodscrubinthemorning.Cokehelpstobreakdowntherust,makingcleaningmucheasier.Besuretothrowouttheusedcokewhenyouaredonewithitoryoumightbetakingatriptothedoctor..Likethepreviousitem,thecitricacid（柠檬酸）incokemakesforanexcellentwindowcleaner.Thisisespeciallyusefulforcarwindows.Pouracanofcokeoverthewindowandrubthewindow,thenwipeitoffwithawetclothtoremoveanysugarymatterfromthesugarinthedrink.Ascokeisfullofsugar,youshouldcleanthestickymatteroffthewindowglasses,oritwillbenotacleanerbutadirt..Forthoseofyouwholiveinareaswhereskunk（臭鼬）smellscanbeanissuefromtimetotime,onecanofcokeaddedtowaterwithdetergent（清洁剂）reallyhelpstobreakthesmelldown.Ifyouhavebeensprayed,standintheshowerandcoveryourselffromheadtotoewithcoke—waitforafewminutes,thenwashyourselfwithashower.Cokeisanexcellenthairtreatmentsoyougettwotipsforthepriceofonewiththisitem!.Potscansometimesgetblackonthebottom.Theblackisalmostimpossibletoremove;thisiscausedbyover-cooking.Toremovetheblackandrenewyourpot,pourinacanofcoke（orasmuchasyouneedtocovertheblackenedareabyaninch)andputitonthestoveonalowheat.Afteranhourorso,washthepotasnormal.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“scrub”inParagraph2probablymean?A.Start. B.Cleaning.C.Shake. D.Example.Whatisimportantwhileusingcoketocleancarwindows?Useadrycloth.Rubthewindowlightly.Don’tpourtoomuchcoke.Cleanthesugarymatterthoroughly.Forwhichpurposedoescokehavetobemixedwithothermaterial?Togetridoftheblackonthepot.Tobreakdowntherust,Toremovesmells.Tocleanwindows.Whattypeofwritingisthistext?A.Anadvertisement. B.Areview.C.Anewsreport. D.Apracticalguide.DDoloresHuertahasworkedhardmostofherlifetohelpotherpeople.Shehashelpedchangethingssothatotherscanhaveabetterlife.DoloresgrewupinCalifornia.Shewasagoodstudentandlikedschool.Aftershefinishedhighschool,shewenttocollegeandstudiedtobeateacher.Aftercollege,shebecameateacher.Doloresnoticedthatmanyofherstudentswerenotgettingenoughfoodtoeat.Someofthemworeveryoldclothes.Doloreswonderedhowshecouldhelpthem.Doloreslikedteachingbutshedecidedtoquitherjobsothatshecouldspendmoretimehelpingherstudentsandtheirfamilies.Onethingshewantedtodowastogetmorepayfortheirparents,farmworkers.Thustheycouldbuytheirchildrenwhattheyneeded.Doloresknewthatmanyfarmworkersmovedoftenfromoneplacetoanothertohelppickdifferentkindsoffruitsandvegetables,likegrapesandtomatoes.Shebegantalkingandwritingabouttheseworkers.EvenpeoplewholivedfarfromCaliforniareadwhatDoloreswrote.Gettinghigherpayforthefarmworkerswasnoteasy.Doloresworkedhardtomakesurethatfarmworkersgotfairpayfortheirwork.Sheknewthatnothingwouldchangeunlessnewlawsweremadetohelptheworkers.Throughallherhardwork,newlawswerepassedthatgavefarmworkersfairpay.DoloresHuertahasworkedformorethan30yearsinmanydifferentwaystomakelifebetterforworkingpeople.Shehasshownhowmuchonepersoncanchangethings.WhatdidDoloresfindaboutherstudents?A.Theyworkedhardtomakealiving. B.Theylivedfarawayfromschools.C.Theyhadlittletimetoplay. D.Theywerehungrysometimes.WhydidDoloresstopteaching?A.Shewishedtobealawyer. B.Shemovedtoanotherplace.C.Shewantedtohelpherstudentsmore. D.Shegotlittlemoneybyteaching.ThankstoDolores’greateffort,thefarmworkers .A.gotbetterjobs B.gotfairpayC.hadmoretimeoff D.hadasettledwayoflifeWhatisthemainideaofthepassage?Onepersoncanmakebigchanges.Onecanchangetheirjobsoften.Onepersoncanworkhardforothers.Onecanmakelifebetterbythemselves.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项OneDollaraNightinNewYorkWhenitcomestofindingaplacetostayforanightinNewYork,thingsdon’talwayscomecheap.However,artistMiaoJiaxin,aShanghainativewhomovedtoNewYorkin2006,isofferingpeoplethechancetostayinhisapartmentinBrooklyn.___16___GuestscaneasilybookMiao’sroomontheInternet.Nevertheless,althoughtheywillbehousedinhisapartment,itappearstohavemoreincommonwithajailcell（牢房）thanaregularbedroomasacageinthecenteroftheroomiswhereguestswillstay.___17___Guestsmuststayinthecageforthreehourseachmorning.“From9a.m.to12p.m.,youcan’taccesstheInternet,andtherearenoelectronicdevices,books,radio,pensorcraftwork.Youcan’ttalktoanybody.Youcan’tdoYogaoranyotherexercises.Andyoucan’tevensleep,”writesMiao.___18___Meanwhile,thecageismonitoredandrecordedbytwocamerasandtheactivityofguestsisfilmedforthewholetimetheystayinthecell.___19___TheycanenjoygreatviewsofNewYorkontheroofdeckoutsidetheroom.Theroomisinspiredbythealienation（疏离感）Miaofeltasanewimmigrant—feelingshebelievesareuniversal.“It’snotforfun.It’sforanexperience.___20___”saidMiao.A.It’sonlyonedollaranight.B.It’stooexpensiveforcommonpeopletoafford.C.MorelikeapsychologicalNewYorkCityexperience.D.Ifyoubreakanyofthoserulesabove,youwillbefined100dollars.E.Actually,Miao’sroomissopopularthatyouhavetobookthreemonthsinadvance.F.Despitethestrictrules,guestsaregivenakeytoletthemselvesinandoutastheyplease.G.Miaosaysthattoliveinhisjailcell,peopledon’thavetobeacriminal,butthereareseveralrules.第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项Themomenthappened30yearsagobutitwasstillfreshinmymemory.Iwasacollegefreshmanandhad 21 upmostofthenightbeforelaughingandtalkingwithfriends.Justbeforemyfirst___22___ofthedaymyeyelids（眼皮）werefeelingheavierandheavierandmyheadwasdriftingdowntomydesktomakemytextbooka___23___.Afewminutes’nap（小睡）timebeforeclasscouldn’t 24 ,Ithought.BOOM!Iliftedmyheadsuddenlyandmyeyesopenedwiderthansaucers.Ilookedaroundwithmy___25___beatingwildlytryingtofindthecauseofthe 26 .Myyoungprofessorwaslookingatmewithaboyishsmileonhisface.Hehad 27 droppedthetextbookshewascarryingontohisdesk.“Goodmorning!”hesaidstill 28 .“Iamgladtoseeeveryoneis 29 .Nowlet’sgetstarted.”ForthenexthourIwasn’t 30 atall.Itwasn’tfromtheshockofmyprofessor’stextbookalarmclock.Itwasinsteadfromthe 31 discussionheled.Withknowledgeandgood 32 hemadethematerialcome 33 .Hisinsightwasfullofbothwisdomandloving-kindness.Andtheenthusiasmandjoythathe 34 withwerecontagious（有感染力的）.I 35 theclassroomnotonlywide 36 butalittlesmarterandalittlebetteraswell.Ilearnedsomethingfarmoreimportantthannot 37 inclassthatdaytoo.Ilearnedthatifyouaregoingtodosomethinginthislife,doitwell,doitwith 38 .Whatawonderfulplacethisworldwouldbeifallofusdidourworkjoyouslyandwell.Don’tsleepwalkthroughyour 39 .Wakeup!Letyourlovefillyourwork.Lifeistoo_____40 nottoliveitwell.21.A.tookB.dividedC.stayedD.put22.A.classB.testC.taskD.lecture23.A.platformB.pillowC.carpetD.wall24.A.benefitB.helpC.lastD.hurt25.A.heartB.mindC.thoughtD.head26.A.troubleB.noiseC.failureD.incident27.A.angrilyB.carelesslyC.purposelyD.accidentally28.A.smilingB.talkingC.complainingD.shouting29.A.activeB.curiousC.presentD.awake30.A.excitedB.sleepyC.awakeD.panicked31.A.fascinatingB.boringC.confusingD.frightening32.A.gestureB.senseC.humorD.design33.A.strangeB.naturalC.handyD.alive34.A.taughtB.collectedC.struggledD.started35.A.exploredB.filledC.leftD.entered36.A.asleepB.awakeC.negativeD.unfamiliar37.A.discussingB.speakingC.cheatingD.sleeping38.A.joyB.speedC.aimD.determination39.A.jobB.lifeC.journeyD.college40.A.hardB.complexC.shortD.simple第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式Aswing(秋千)couldbeimportantforlearning,accordingtoonegirls’school.AtBrightonGirls,aprivateschoolforchildren___41.___(age)4-18,aswingistobeinstalledinthesixth-formstudycenteraftersomeoftheteenagersaskedforone.Aftersomeresearch,theheadmistress,RosieMcColl,saidshediscoveredaswingwouldbe___42.___(benefit).Shesaid,“Iknew___43.___studentinapreviousschoolwhousedtogooutandswinginaparkbetweenlessons. 44. (current),whatwearedoingisbringingtheswingintotheschool 45. （help）buildaculture.Thisleadstobetterresults 46. studentsintermsofboththeirwellbeingandacademicachievement.”Recentstudiesshowphysicalactivitycanimprovebrainfunctionaswellascalmingthemindandbody,atatimewhen 47. （anxious）amongteenagersisatrecordlevels.Sofar,McColl’sdecision 48. （support）byparents,includingSamCartwright-Hatton,apsychologistatSussexUniversity, 49. wrotealettertothegovernmentbeforeschoolsreturnedinSeptembercallingf