高考英语一轮复习小题强化练习专题04介词和连词（含解析）

专题01名词和冠词限时：（35分钟）（基础题）单句语法填空Withtheirabilitytoseeahead,theycouldsignalanyproblem,sothatfast-movingtrainswouldbeabletoreact______time.InhisspareonstagebesidepianistMariaRaspopova—notasamusician______asherpageturner.SinceAprildrinkscompanieshavebeenforcedtopaybetween18pand24pforeverylitreofsugarydrinktheyproduceorimport,depending______thesugarcontent.Plasticstrawsare______nomeansthebiggestsource(来源)ofplasticpollution,butthey’verecentlycomeunderfirebecausemostpeopledon’tneedthemtodrinkwithand,because______theirsmallsizeandweight,theycannotberecycled.Thisspecialbuildingisaplace______whichtheatreismadeandwherechildren,artists,writersandanyoneelsehavetheopportunity(机会)todocreativethings.Inarecentexperiment,cockatooswerepresented______aboxwithanutinsideit.Thisabilitytorecognizethatashapewillneedtobeturned______aspecificdirectionbeforeitwillfitiscalledan“allocentricframeofreference.Antarcticaleftanimpression______methatnootherplacehas.Camperslearntechnicalskills______roasting,fryingandcutting,aswellassomerecipesthattheycantakehomeandshare______theirfamilies.Ilovedtalkingabouttheimaginarybox,notonlywithmystudents______alsowithmyownchildren.Costswouldbecut______operationswouldbemoreefficient（高效）acrosstheboard.Thenextstep,accordingtotheresearchers,istotryandworkoutwhetherthecockatoosrelyentirelyonvisualclues(线索),______alsouseasenseoftouchinmakingtheirshapeselections.AndrewReynolds,acheerfulfellow______hisearly30s,pilotsSydneyferryboatsforaliving.Hisjobistositbesidethepianist_____turnthepagesofthescoresothemusiciandoesn’thavetobreaktheflowofsoundbydoingitthemselves.Ifyouareinneed______adeadlineextension,simplyexplainthesituation______theprofessor.Thehumidity（湿气）oflargerainforestscontributes______theformationofraincloudsthatmaytraveltoothercountries______needofrain.Thebookends______RosamondandDorothy'sreturntoAuburn.______theotherhand,beingyoungandold______thesametimehasitsattractions.However,somehighsugarbrands,______ClassicCocaCola,haveacceptedthesugartaxandarerefusingtochange______fearofupsettingconsumers.WhichaspectofthehumanspeechsounddoesDamiánBlasi’sresearchfocus______?Theteamshowedthatthischangeinbitewasconnected______thedevelopmentofagricultureintheNeolithicperiod.______presentitisexpectedtogenerate£240mfortheyearendinginApril2019,whichwillgotoschoolsports.Therealizationthatthisisapreciousland,toberespected______humans,wasoneofthebiggestthingsthathithometoGinni.______mybelovedbeachesandendlessblue—skydays,Ifeltatalossandoutofplace.UntilImadeadiscovery.Childrenunder12yearsaccompanied______anadultareadmittedfree.Thestaffisfriendlyandhelpful,providingyou______amapofthecitywhenyouarrive,______offeringadviceifyourequiresome.Iwasbackteaching______anabsenceof15years,dealing______thevariouskindsof"forbiddenfruit"thatcomeoutofbookbags.It’saffordable,andit’sgotafunatmosphere______beingtoonoisy.Thenextstep,according______theresearchers,istotryandworkoutwhetherthecockatoosrelyentirely______visualclues(线索),oralsouseasense______touchinmakingtheirshapeselections.Wecan’tseemtomakeupourmindswhetherwewantamoderncity______atraditionalone.Astheauthorexplains,thisisneitheratravel______ahistorybook,orevenapieceofreportage.Key:1.in2.but3.on4.by5.in6.with7.in8.on9.of;with10.but11.and12.or13.in14.and15.of16.to;in17.with18.On19.like;for20.on21.with22.At23.by24.Without25.by26.with;and27.after;with28.without29.to;on;of30.or31.nor（能力题）May21stthisyearmarksthefirstInternationalTeaDay,whichwasnamedofficiallytheUnitedNationsonNovember27th,2019.(2022全国乙卷)The"FirstInternationalTeaDayTeaRoadCooperativeInitiative"issued（发布）attheceremonycallsforpeopleworkingintheteaindustrytocometogethertopromoteinternationalcooperationculturalexchanges.(2022全国乙卷)Heflew4,700kilometers______Xi’antoKashgaronSept.20,planningtohikebacktoXi’aninfivemonths.(2022全国甲卷)TheGPNPisdesignedtoreflecttheguidingprincipleof“protectingtheauthenticityandintegrity(完整性)ofnaturalecosystems,preservingbiologicaldiversity,protectingecologicalbufferzones,______leavingbehindpreciousnaturalassets(资产)forfuturegenerations”.(2022新高考卷)Giantpandasalsoserve______anumbrellaspecies(物种),bringingprotectiontoahostofplantsandanimalsinthesouthwesternandnorthwesternpartsofChina.(2022新高考卷)Thoughitistheonlyunnaturalthingonyourwayupthemountain,stillithighlightsthewholeadventure________offersaplacewhereyoucansitdowntorestyourachinglegs.(2021新高考一卷)Theykepttheircollectionathomeuntilitgottoobiguntiltheydied,andthenitwasgiventoamuseum.(2020新高考一卷)Museumsmustcompetepeople’ssparetimeandmoneywithotheramusements.Mostmuseumsalsowelcomeschoolgroupsandarrangespecialactivitiesforchildren.(2020新高考一卷)Acompanyrepresentativewrotebackandtoldmetheairlinewasswitchingover_________plastictopapercupsonallofits1,200dailyflights.(2021新高考二卷)Eachvolumeinthesetexploresawiderangeofmaterial,explainsthebasicconceptsofmajorapplicationsofdigitalsystems,discussestheinfluencestheyhaveoneverydaylife.(2020新高考二卷)Duetothegrowingpopularityofenvironmentally-relatedandadventuretravel,varioustypestripsarenowbeingclassifiedasecotourism.(2021全国一卷)Modemmethodstrackingpolarbearpopulationshavebeenemployedonlysincethemid-1980s,andareexpensivetoperformconsistentlyoveralargearea.(2019全国一卷)Thistrend,whichwasstartedbythemedicalcommunity（医学界）amethodoffightingheartdisease,hashadsomeunintendedsideeffectssuchasoverweightandheartdiseasetheverythingthemedicalcommunitywastryingtofight.(2017全国一卷)ButmyconnectionwithpandasgoesbackmydaysonaTVshowinthemid-1980s,whenIwasthefirstWesternTVreporterpermittedtofilmaspecialunitcaringforpandasrescuedfromstarvationinthewild.neversuspects.(2016全国一卷)ForthosewhoflytoGuilin,it’sonlyanhourawaycarandoffersallthesceneryofthebetter-knowncity.(2015全国一卷)ItwasbuiltoriginallytoprotectthecitytheTangdynastyandhasnowbeencompletelyrestored(修复).(2021全国二卷)Mybikewasoldandshakydidthejob.(2021全国二卷)Bambooplantsareassociated______health,abundanceandahappyhome.(2020全国二卷)AIworknotbecauseIhaveto,______becauseIwantto.(2019全国二卷)Mostofusaremorefocusedourtasksinthemorningthanwearelaterintheday.(2016全国二卷)Theartistwasfinallyhumbled(谦卑)bythegreatestartist_______earth,MotherNature.(2020全国三卷)Wewerefirstgreetedwiththebarkingbyapack_____dogs，seventobeexact.(2019全国三卷)IwassearchingthesethreewesternlowlandgorillasI’dbeenobserving.(2018全国三卷)InmuchofAsia,especiallytheso-called“ricebowl”culturesofChina,Japan,Korea,Vietnam,foodisusuallyeatenwithchopsticks.(2016全国三卷)ChopsticksarenotusedeverywhereinAsia.InIndia,forexample,mostpeopletraditionallyeat_theirhands.(2016全国三卷)Key:1.by2.and3.from4.and5.as6.and7.or8.for9.from10.and11.of12.of/for13.as14.to15.by16.in（真题/新题）模块综合练04(2019全国卷乙卷)ANeedaJobThisSummer?Theprovincialgovernmentanditspartnersoffermanyprogramstohelpstudentsfindsummerjobs.Thedeadlinesandwhatyouneedtoapplydependontheprogram.Notastudent?Gotothegovernmentwebsitetolearnaboutprogramsandonlinetoolsavailabletohelppeopleunder30buildskills,findajoborstartbusinessesallyearround.JobsforYouthIfyouareateenagerlivingincertainpartsoftheprovince,youcouldbeeligible(符合条件)forthisprogram.Whichprovideseightweeksofpaidemploymentalongwithtraining.Whoiseligible:Youth15-18yearsoldinselectcommunities(社区).SummerCompanySummerCompanyprovidesstudentswithhands-onbusinesstrainingandawardsofupto$3,000tostartandruntheirownsummerbusinesses.Whoiseligible:Studentsaged15-29,returningtoschoolinthefall.StewardshipYouthRangerProgramYoucouldapplytobeaStewardshipYouthRangerandworkonlocalnaturalresourcemanagementprojectsforeightweeksthissummer.Whoiseligible:Studentsaged16or17attimeofhire,butnotturning18beforeDecember31thisyear.SummerEmploymentOpportunities(机会)ThroughtheSummerEmploymentOpportunitiesprogram,studentsarehiredeachyearinavarietyofsummerpositionsacrosstheProvincialPublicService,itsrelatedagenciesandcommunitygroups.Whoiseligible:Studentsaged15orolder.Somepositionsrequirestudentstobe15to24orupto29forpersonswithadisability.21.WhatisspecialaboutSummerCompany?A.Itrequiresnotrainingbeforeemployment.B.Itprovidesawardsforrunningnewbusinesses.C.Itallowsonetoworkinthenaturalenvironment.D.Itoffersmoresummerjobopportunities.22.WhatistheagerangerequiredbyStewardshipYouthRangerProgram?A.15-18. B.15-24. C.15-29. D.16-17.23.Whichprogramfavorsthedisabled?A.JobsforYouth. B.SummerCompany.C.StewardshipYouthRangerProgram. D.SummerEmploymentOpportunities.【答案】21.B22.D23.D【解析】本文为应用文。本文叙述了省政府及其合作伙伴提供了许多项目来帮助学生暑期在找到工作。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据SummerCompany部分中的“SummerCompanyprovidesstudentswith...awardsofupto＄3,000tostartandruntheirownsummerbusinesses”可知“SummerCompany为学生提供高达3000美元的奖励，来开始和经营他们自己的暑期业务”。“startandruntheirownsummerbusinesses”即“为开办新的业务”，这对应B项中的“runnnewbusinesses”，二者是词义之间的转述关系。故选B。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据StewardshipYouthRangerProgram部分中的第二段“Whoiseligible:Studentsaged16or17attimeofhire,butnotturning18beforeDecember31thisyear.”可知“符合条件的学生：16岁或17岁的学生，但在今年12月31日之前未满18岁”。由此得出，这个项目要求年龄在16-17岁之间。分析选项可知D项符合题意，故选D。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据SummerEmploymentOpportunities部分中的最后一段最后一句“Whoiseligible:...Somepositionsrequirestudentstobe15to24orupto29forpersonswithadisability”,可知SummerEmploymentOpportunities有些职位是给残疾人的。分析选项可知，D项符合题意，故选D。BForCanaanElementary’ssecondgradeinPatchogue,N.Y.，todayisspeechday,andrightnowit’sChrisPalaez’sturn.The8-year-oldisthejokeroftheclass.Withshiningdarkeyes,heseemsliketheofkidwhowouldenjoypublicspeaking.Buthe’s,nervous.“I’mheretotellyoutodaywhyyoushould…should…”Christripsonthe“-ld,”a.pronunciationdifficultyformanynon-nativeEnglishspeakers.Histeacher,ThomasWhaley,isnexttohim,whisperingsupport.“…Votefor…me…”Exceptforsomestumbles,Chrisisdoingamazinglywell.Whenhebringshisspeechtoaniceconclusion,Whaleyinvitestherestoftheclasstopraisehim.Asonofimmigrants,ChrisstaredlearningEnglishalittleoverthreeyearsago.Whaleyrecalls(回想起)howatthebeginningoftheyear，whencalledupontoread，Chriswouldexcusehimselftogotothebathroom.LearningEnglishasasecondlanguagecanbeapainfulexperience.Whatyouneedisagreatteacherwholetsyoumakemistakes.“Ittakesalotforanystudent，”Whaleyexplains，“especiallyforastudentwhoislearningEnglishastheirnewlanguage，tofeelconfidentenoughtosay，‘Idon’tknow，butIwanttoknow.’”Whaleygottheideaofthissecond-gradepresidentialcampaignprojectwhenheaskedthechildrenonedaytoraisetheirhandsiftheythoughttheycouldneverbeapresident.Theanswerbrokehisheart.Whaleysaystheprojectisaboutmorethanjustlearningtoreadandspeakinpublic.Hewantsthesekidstolearntoboast(夸耀)aboutthemselves.“Boastingaboutyourself，andyourbestqualities,”Whaleysays，“isverydifficultforachildwhocameintotheclassroomnotfeelingconfident.”24.WhatmadeChrisnervous？A.Tellingastory. B.Makingaspeech.C.Takingatest. D.Answeringaquestion.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“stumbles”inparagraph2referto?A.Improperpauses. B.Badmanners. C.Spellingmistakes. D.Sillyjokes.26.WecaninferthatthepurposeofWhaley’sprojectisto_________.A.helpstudentsseetheirownstrengthsB.assessstudents’publicspeakingskillsC.preparestudentsfortheirfuturejobsD.inspirestudents’loveforpolitics27.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesWhaleyasateacher?A.Humorous. B.Ambitious. C.Caring. D.Demanding.【答案】24.B25.A26.A27.C【解析】本文属于记叙文，讲述ThomasWhaley为了帮助学生学英语以及树立信心专门开展了一个演讲课程。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段todayisspeechday和本段最后一句withshiningdarkeyes,heseemslikethekindofkidswhowouldenjoypublicspeaking.以及第二段第一句Buthe’snervous.可知，Chris眼睛黑亮，似乎是那种喜欢公共演讲的孩子，但是他却很紧张，故可知Chris是因为做演讲紧张，故选B。【25题详解】词义猜测题。根据第二段“I’mheretotellyoutodaywhyyoushould…should…”Christripsonthe“-ld”,apronunciationdifficultyformanynon-nativeEnglishspeakers.以及后文exceptforsomestumbles,Chrisisdoingamazinglywell可知,Chris发ld比较困难，这对于英语不是母语的学习者来说都是一个困难，总体来说Chris做得出奇的好。根据前文可知，ld发音不准，因此有些结巴，停顿得不准，故选A。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段Whaleysaystheprojectisaboutmorethanjustlearningtoreadandspeakinpublic.Hewantsthesekidstolearntoboastaboutthemselves.以及最后一段“boastingaboutyourself,andyourbestqualities,”Whaleysays,“isverydifficultforachildwhocameintotheclassroomnotfeelingconfident.”可知，这个课程不仅仅教孩子阅读以及公共演讲，还要让孩子学会夸耀自己，而夸耀自己对于那些进入教室没有信心的学生来说很困难，故可知，Whaley老师这么做是为了帮助学生认识自己的优势增加信心，故选A。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段Whaleygottheideaofthissecond-gradepresidentialcampaignprojectwhenheaskedthechildrenonedaytoraisetheirhandsiftheythoughttheycouldneverbeapresident.和最后一段Hewantsthesekidstolearntoboastaboutthemselves可知，当他有一天问学生认为自己当不了总统请举手的时候，想到了一个想法，这个课程就是帮助学生树立自己的信心，故可以看出这位老师很关心学生的成长。humorous幽默的，ambitious有雄心壮志的；caring关心的；demanding要求高的。故选C。CAsdataandidentitytheftbecomesmoreandmorecommon,themarketisgrowingforbiometric(生物测量)technologies—likefingerprintscans—tokeepothersoutofprivatee-spaces.Atpresent,thesetechnologiesarestillexpensive,though.ResearchersfromGeorgiaTechsaythattheyhavecomeupwithalow-costdevice(装置)thatgetsaroundthisproblem:asmartkeyboard.Thissmartkeyboardpreciselymeasuresthecadence(节奏)withwhichonetypesandthepressurefingersapplytoeachkey.Thekeyboardcouldofferastronglayerofsecuritybyanalyzingthingsliketheforceofauser'stypingandthetimebetweenkeypresses.Thesepatternsareuniquetoeachperson.Thus,thekeyboardcandeterminepeople'sidentities,andbyextension,whethertheyshouldbegivenaccesstothecomputerit'sconnectedto—regardlessofwhethersomeonegetsthepasswordright.Italsodoesn'trequireanewtypeoftechnologythatpeoplearen'talreadyfamiliarwith.Everybodyusesakeyboardandeverybodytypesdifferently.Inastudydescribingthetechnology,theresearchershad100volunteerstypetheword“touch”fourtimesusingthesmartkeyboard.Datacollectedfromthedevicecouldbeusedtorecognizedifferentparticipantsbasedonhowtheytyped,withverylowerrorrates.Theresearcherssaythatthekeyboardshouldbeprettystraightforwardtocommercializeandismostlymadeofinexpensive,plastic-likeparts.Theteamhopestomakeittomarketinthenearfuture.28.Whydotheresearchersdevelopthesmartkeyboard?A.Toreducepressureonkeys. B.ToimproveaccuracyintypingC.Toreplacethepasswordsystem. D.Tocutthecostofe-spaceprotection.29.Whatmakestheinventionofthesmartkeyboardpossible？A.Computersaremucheasiertooperate.B.Fingerprintscanningtechniquesdevelopfast.C.Typingpatternsvaryfrompersontoperson.D.Datasecuritymeasuresareguaranteed.30.Whatdotheresearchersexpectofthesmartkeyboard？all1osoisgitieocooll.A.It'llbeenvironment-friendly. B.It'llreachconsumerssoon.C.It'llbemadeofplastics. D.It'llhelpspeeduptyping.31.Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom?A.Adiary. B.Aguidebook C.Anovel. D.Amagazine.【答案】28.D29.C30.B31.D【解析】这是一篇说明文。数据和身份盗窃变得越来越普遍，目前，向指纹扫描等这些技术仍然是昂贵的。本文介绍了一种新的科技——智能键盘，它能给e-space用户带来安全，而且这项技术也不贵。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段的Atpresent,thesetechnologiesarestillexpensive,though.和第二段的ResearchersfromGeorgiaTechsaythattheyhavecomeupwithalow-costdevicethatgetsaroundthisproblem:asmartkeyboard.可知，研究者们开发智能键盘是为了降低e-space保护的成本。故选D。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的Thekeyboardcouldofferastronglayerofsecuritybyanalyzingthingsliketheforceofauser’stypingandthetimebetweenkeypresses.Thesepatternsareuniquetoeachperson.Thus，thekeyboardcandeterminepeople’sidentities可知，因为每个人的打字方式不同，使智能键盘能够识别人的身份。故选C。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段的Theteamhopestomakeittomarketinthenearfuture.可知，研究者们希望智能键盘能早日面世。故选B。【31题详解】推理判断题。本文介绍了一种新的科技——智能键盘，它能给e-space用户带来安全，由此可知，本文是关于科技，结合所给选项可知，本文可能来自于一本杂志。故选D。DDuringtherosyyearsofelementaryschool(小学),Ienjoyedsharingmydollsandjokes,whichallowedmetokeepmyhighsocialstatus.Iwasthequeenoftheplayground.Thencamemytweensandteens,andmeangirlsandcoolkids.Theyroseintheranksnotbybeingfriendlybutbysmokingcigarettes,breakingrulesandplayingjokesonothers,amongwhomIsoonfoundmyself.Popularityisawell-exploredsubjectinsocialpsychology.MitchPrinstein,aprofessorofclinicalpsychologysortsthepopularintotwocategories:thelikableandthestatusseekers.Thelikables’plays-well-with-othersqualitiesstrengthenschoolyardfriendships,jump-startinterpersonalskillsand,whentappedearly,areemployedeverafterinlifeandwork.Thenthere’sthekindofpopularitythatappearsinadolescence:statusbornofpowerandevendishonorablebehavior.Enviableasthecoolkidsmayhaveseemed,Dr.Prinstein’sstudiesshowunpleasantconsequences.Thosewhowerehighestinstatusinhighschool,aswellasthoseleastlikedinelementaryschool,are“mostlikelytoengage(从事)indangerousandriskybehavior.”Inonestudy,Dr.Prinsteinexaminedthetwotypesofpopularityin235adolescents,scoringtheleastliked,themostlikedandthehighestinstatusbasedonstudentsurveys(调查研究).“Wefoundthattheleastwell-likedteenshadbecomemoreaggressiveovertimetowardtheirclassmates.Butsohadthosewhowerehighinstatus.Itclearlyshowedthatwhilelikabilitycanleadtohealthyadjustment,highstatushasjusttheoppos