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考研《英语一》2023年贵州省贵阳市乌当区预测试题SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Asdarknessfell,hundredsofpeopleintheSwissvillagelefttheirhouses.Theywerestaring36atthemountaintopinthedistance.Itwascoveredwith37,beautifulanddangerous.ThehugemountainiscalledMatterhorn.Mountainclimbershad38thetop,usingthesouthernroute.Butnoonehadeverdaredtotryawinterclimbingupthe39side.Butnowonemanwasdaringtotrythe40route.HewasWalterBonatti,agreatmountainclimberfromItaly.Fortwodayshehadclimbed.Thevillagepeoplehadwatchedhim41.Nowtheywerewaitingtoseehis42.Ifheplannedto43thenextday,hewouldlightagreensignal.Aredlightwouldmeanthathewas44.Atinygreenlight45highonthemountainside.Bonattiwasnotgivingup!Thepeople46.Thenextdayhe47hiswayupward.Hewassolonelyandsotired!Buthewouldnotgiveup.Againthatnighthelitthe48light.Inthemorning,Bonattilookedup.Hecouldnotseethetop,butheknewhewas49there.50theclimbwaspainful,hemovedup.Bonattihadspentmonths51fortheclimb.Wasthetrainingenough?Didhehavethestrengthand52toclimbtothetop?Hewasfinallyatthetop!Newsabouthis53wasradioedtotheworld.Thetripdownthesouthern54waseasy.Hewaswarmlywelcomedinthevillage.Hehaddonethe"55",andwouldbewellrememberedasaclimberofalltime.1、..A.up B.down C.back D.forward2、..A.greentrees B.flowers
C.rocks D.iceandsnow3、.A.passed B.reached C.climbed
D.watched
4、.A.eastern B.western C.northern D.southern
5、.A.different B.difficult C.easy D.same
6、.A.anxiously B.carefully C.patiently D.eagerly7、.A.signal B.flag
C.face D.figure8、.A.godown B.comeback C.goon D.giveup9、.A.turningaround B.turningback C.movingup D.indanger
10、.A.raised B.rose C.disappeared
D.appeared11、.A.cheered B.shouted C.laughed D.jumped12、.A.stopped B.abandoned C.continued D.ended
13、.A.green B.yellow C.blue D.red
14、.A.already B.surely C.almost D.nolonger15、.A.Because
B.Though C.Since D.When16、.A.asking
B.planning C.preparing D.training17、..A.money B.wish C.effort D.skill18、.A.victory
B.climb C.courage
D.thing
19、..A.pace
B.route
C.path D.passage20、..A.necessaryB.great
C.important
D.impossible
SectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Areyouafraidofsharks?Whataboutsnakesorspiders?Putthosefearsaside:becauseintheU.S.you’refarmorelikelytobekilledorinjuredbyadeerskippingacrosstheroad.Deercausemorethan200humansdeathseachyear,plussome29,000injuries,allbecauseof1.2millioncollisionsbetweenvehiclesanddeer.MostincidentsoccurintheeasternU.S.,wheredeerprosperwithoutnaturalpredatorslikewolvesandmountainlions.“That’stheregionintheU.S.wheredeer-vehiclecollisionsaresuchaproblem,andwhereitseemslikeaneffectivelargecarnivorereintroductioncouldmakeareallybigdifference.”sayswildlifebiologistLauraPrughfromUniversityofWashington.Shethinksitwouldhelptoreintroducepredatorslikemountainlions,alsoknownascougars,pumasorpanthers,topartsoftheirhistoricrangefromwhichthey’vebeendrivenout.TheresearcherssaythatbringingthepredatorsbacktotheeasternU.S.wouldmean22percentfewercollisionsbetweencarsanddeeroverthreedecades.Eachyearwouldseefivefewerhumandeaths,680fewerinjuriesandasavingsofsome550million.SophieL.Gilbertthinkstherearegreatsocioeconomicbenefitsoflargepredatorrestorationthroughreducedwildlife-vehiclecollisionsandshesays,says,“Cougarshaveshownthattheycancoexistinshortdistancewithpeople,withveryfewconflicts,inalotofareasoutwest.”Still,somefolksmightbeunderstandablynervousaboutthiskindofplan.Afterall,reintroducingpredatorsdoesn’tcomewithoutriskstopetsandtolivestock,andveryoccasionallytopeople.“OurfearoflargepredatorsissonaturalandintensethatIdon’tthinkit’spossibletojustcompletelyclearitwithstatistics...WhatIhopeisthatknowingthatthereactuallycanbesomemeasurablebenefitsmightmakepeoplealittlemoresupportiveandmaybebalancethatfearalittlebit.”saysLaura.Indeed,thestatisticsshowthatcougarswouldpreventfivetimesasmanyhumandeathsfromdeer-relatedaccidentsastheywouldcausebyattacks.Butit’llbeatoughsell:thepresswillcovercougarattacks,butastatisticallypreventeddeathdoesnotmakethenews.Nevertheless,“Ifpeopleinthewestcanputupwithhavingmountainlionsaround,IwouldhopethatNewYorkerswouldbeupforthechallengeaswell.”1、Whatisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword“carnivore”inParagraph3?A.Acat-likeanimal.B.Adangerousanimal.C.Ameat-eatinganimal.D.Agrass-eatinganimal.2、Whydopeoplewanttobringbackmountainlions?A.Tominimizetheaccidentscausedbydeer.B.Tomaintainbiodiversityandecologicalbalance.C.Totakeupthechallengefrompeopleinthewest.D.Toreducepeople’sfearofthisdangerouscreature.3、Whyisithardtopersuadepeopletoacceptthismeasure?A.Becausetherisksoutweighthebenefits.B.Becausemountainslionslikeeatingpeople.C.Becausethebenefitsarenotaseye-catchingasitsrisks.D.Becausemountainlionstendtogettooclosetopeople.4、Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Puma:aToughSellB.ANewStudyonPumaC.DeerCauseHugeLifeLossesD.DeerorPumas:aHardChoiceText2Shinythingsabsorblessheatwhenleftinthesun.ThismeansthatiftheEarthcouldbemadealittleshinieritwouldbelesslikelytosufferglobalwarming.Waystobrightenit,suchasaddingnanoscalespecks(纳米级)ofsalttolowclouds,makingthemwhiter,orputtingathinhazeofparticlesintothestratosphere(平流层),arethefieldof“geoengineering”(地球工程).Asmallbandofscientistswhichhavemostlybeenusingcomputermodelstostudythesubject.Someofthemarenowproposingoutdoorexperiments—usingseawater-fedsprayerstochurnoutparticlesoftheexactsizeneededtobrightenclouds,orscatteringsulphurparticles(硫粒子)fromunderneathalargeballoon20kmupinthesky.Thescientistshopetounderstandsomeoftheprocessesonwhichthesetechnologiesdepend,asawayofbothmeasuringtheirpossibility(canyoureliablymaketheproperamountofseasaltbrightenclouds?)andassessingtheirrisks(howmuchdamagetotheozonelayermightastratospherichazedo,andhowmightsuchdamagebeminimized?).Theexperimentswouldbefartoosmalltohaveanyclimaticeffects.Theamountofsulphurputintothestratospherebytheexperimentalballoonwouldbe2%ofwhatapassengerjetcrossingtheAtlanticemitsinanhour.However,manyscientistsdoubtwhethergeoengineeringexperimentshaveanyeffects.Andsomeenvironmentalistssaythatsuchexperimentsreflectthehubris(傲慢)ofhumans,whobelievetheycantoywithnature.Geoengineeringisnotanalternativetorelievingclimatechangebycuttingcarbonemissions.Evenifemissionsdostarttofall,thecutswilllakedecadestohaveanyeffectsotemperaturesarelikelytogoonrisingforsometime.Theplanetisnotgettingcoolerandthepressuresontheclimateareunlikelytogoaway.Itisthereforenottoohardtoimagineaworld,decadesfromnow,inwhichemissionsarefallingbuttemperaturesarerisingsteeplyandtheabilitytoadapttothemhasbeenstretchedtoofar.Anadditionalwaytostabilizetemperaturesmightthenseemappropriate.Geoengineeringoffersthatpossibility.1、Theaimoftheoutdoorexperimentsinparagraph1is.A.torelievetheglobalwarmingB.tobrightenthecloudsC.totestthecomputermodelsD.tostudygeoengineering2、Thegeoengineeringclimateexperimentwouldhardlytakeanyclimateeffectbecause.A.scientistsaren'tsurewhetherseasaltcanbrightencloudsB.geoengineeringwouldminimizethedamagetotheozonelayerC.theamountofsulphuremittedbyaballoonisverysmallD.apassengerjetemitsmuchmoresulphurthanaballoondoes3、Evenifcarbonemissionisreducedrightaway,.A.globalwarmingwillberelievedB.climaticpressurewillberemovedC.thetemperaturewillremainstableD.globalwarmingwilllastforyears4、Wecaninferfromthepassagethat.A.passengerjetsareamajorcauseofglobalwarmingB.scientistsdon’tshowduerespectfortheenvironmentC.geoengineeringisbetterthancuttingcarbonemissionsD.cuttingemissionsisn'tenoughtorelieveclimatechangeText3PreparingfortheNextPandemic(大流行病)Influenzapandemicshavehistoricallytakentheworldbysurprise,givinghealthserviceslittletimetopreparefortheabruptincreasesincasesanddeathsthatcharacterizetheseeventsandmakethemsodisruptive.Sincelate2003,theworldhasmovedclosertoapandemicthanatanytimesince1968,whenthelastofthepreviouscentury’sthreepandemicsoccurred.Whileneitherthetimingnortheseverityofthenextpandemiccanbepredicted,evidencethatthevirusisnowendemicinbirdpopulationsmeansthatthepresentlevelofriskwillnotbeeasilydiminished.Theadvancewarninghasbroughtanunheard-ofopportunitytoprepareforapandemicanddevelopwaystomitigateitseffects.Morecountriesnowhavepandemicpreparednessplans:aroundonefifthoftheworld’scountrieshavesomeformofaresponseplan,butthesevarygreatlyincomprehensivenessandstageofcompletion.Accesstoantiviraldrugsand,moreimportantly,tovaccines(疫苗)remainsachallengingproblembecauseoflimitedmanufacturingcapacityaswellascosts.Theriskthatapandemicviruswillemergedependsonopportunitiesforhumanexposureandinfections.TheseopportunitieswillpersistaslongastheH5NIviruscontinuestocirculateinanimals.Controlofthediseaseinanimalsisthemainwaytoreduceopportunitiesforhumaninfectionandthusreduceopportunitiesforapandemicvirustoemerge.Whileneitherthetimingnortheseverityofthenextpandemiccanbepredicted,historyshowsthattheseeventsconsistentlybringanexplosiveincreaseinthenumberofillnessesanddeathssufficienttotemporarilyparalysepublicservicesandeconomicproductivity.1、Fromthefirstparagraphweknow.A.Therewerethreepandemicsintheworldlastcentury.B.Atleastthreepandemicsoccurredtotheworldlastcentury.C.Wearenotsurehowmanypandemicstherewereintheworldlastcentury.D.Wearesuretherewerefourpandemicsintheworldlastcentury.2、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“mitigate”inthethirdparagraphprobablymean?A.Increase.B.Reduce.C.Evaluate.D.Predict.3、Accordingtotheauthor,howdowepreventthenextpandemic?A.Toproduceantiviraldrugs.B.Toproducevaccines.C.Tocontrolthedisease.D.TogetridoftheH5N1virus.4、What’stheauthor’sattitudetothenextpandemic?A.Negative.B.Indifferent.C.Considerate.D.Objective.Text4Ilogontoacomputeratthedoctor’sofficetosayIhavearrivedandthenwaituntilavoicecallsmeintotheexaminationroom.There,aroboticnursedirectsmeontoadeviceandthentakesmybloodpressure.Sometimelater,instepsthedoctor,whoisalsoarobot.Henotesdownmysymptomsandgivesmeaprescription(处方).Ipayformyvisitusingacreditcardmachineandreturnhomewithouthavingmetanotherhumanbeing.WhenIcallmydentist’sofficeandactuallygetahumanbeingontheline,Iamthrilled.AndwhenIseetheintroductionofyetmoreself-servicecheckoutstationsatthegrocerystore,Ifeellikeshouting,“Whenitcomestocashiers,makeminehuman,please!”Afterall,humancashierssometimesgiveyouastorecoupon(优惠券)foritemsyouarebuying.Evenmorethanthat,real-lifecashiersoftentakeaninterestinparticularlycutechildren,whichcanbrightenayoungmother’sday.Acashiermayalsoshowcompassion(同情)foranelderlypersonstrugglingtogetthatlastpennyoutofherpurse.Whattechnologicaldevicewoulddoanyofthis?Idon’twanttogobacktotheStoneAge,butI’malsoworriedaboutaworldrunbymachines.Sometimeswhenyou’rechattingwithsomeone,youdiscoverthingsyouneedtoknow.Maybeareceptionistneedsprayerssaidforasickchild.Maybeasalespersoncanofferabitofencouragementtoacustomerwhoisfeelingtired.Machinescanbeefficientandcost-effectiveandtheyoftengetthejobdonejustfine.Buttheylackanelementsoimportanttoeverydaylife.Callitthespirit,thesoulortheheart.Itissomethingnomachinewilleverhave.Itisbeinghumanthatpromptsustosmileatothers,whichmaybewhattheyneedatthatmoment.1、What’stheauthor’spurposeinwritingthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Toindicatehightechnologycanmakeourfuturelifeveryeasy.B.Todescribeapossiblefuturescenewhererobotstakecontrolofourlife.C.Towarnreadersofthepossibledangersofroboticnursesanddoctors.D.Topredicthowtechnologycanaffectthewayweseeadoctoringthefuture.2、Whydoestheauthorpreferbeingservedbyhumansratherthanbyrobots?A.Robotsareindifferentandemotionless.B.Robotscan’tprovideefficientservices.C.Robotsdon’toffertogivestorecoupons.D.Robotsareunabletodoajobaswellashumans.3、What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsmachines?A.Hewishesonedaytheywouldcometolife.B.Heisabsolutelyagainsttheirexistenceinhislife.C.Hedoesn’tliketheygetinvolvedinhislifetoomuch.D.Heisafraidtheywouldtaketheplaceofhumanbeings.PartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)AfterDonaldTrumpbecamethe45thAmericanpresident,anewvideoofhisgranddaughterArabella1.(go)popularonceagainontheInternetInthisvideo,thelittlegirlworeaqipao,akindof2.(tradition)ChinesedressShestoodinfrontofatabletoreciteancientChinesepoemsThesepoemsarefamiliar3.mostChinesepeopleandtheyareoftenrecitedbyChinesekidsArabellamadethevideotorememberChineseMonkeyYear,4.endedonJanuary27th,5.Arabella’sfamilyare6.(interest)inChinesecultureTheycanevenmakeChinesedumplingsandsingChinesesongsArabellabegantostudyChinese7.shewas18monthsoldNowshecanspeakChinese8.(fluent)EarlyinFebruary,2016,4-year-oldArabellarecitedaTangDynastypoeminChinese9.(she)mothersenthervideoonlineandwonlotsof“likes”fromallovertheworldOnSoniaWeibo,manyusersthoughtArabellawasawonderfulandsurprisinggirl“I’mglad10.(see)thelittleangellovesChineseculture,”wroteausercalled“orange”“AtleastthevideoshowsthatTrumpisseriousabout11.(educate)andneverclosesthedoortoforeignculture,”saidanotherusernamed“stAU79”(题文)(吉林省长春市2018届高三年级四模)Nomatterwhereyouare,humansareconstantlymeasuringandcheckingtimeSomeofusaregoodatit—planninganddoingthingsaheadoftime,(小题1)othersarealwaystryingtobeattheclockanddothingsattheeleventhhourTardiness(拖拉)canbeseriousIfyou(小题2)(be)oneminutelateforwork,wouldyouresign?Itmaysoundextreme,butthatisexactly(小题3)occurredintheUKupperchamberofparliament,theHouseofLords,inJanuary1.InternationaldevelopmentministerLordBatesarrivedoneminutelate,and,asaresult,wasunabletoanswera(小题4)(schedule)questionInsteadoftrying(小题5)(make)upforlosttime,asmanymightdo,heresignedon(小题6)spotHeapologizedforhisdiscourtesy(无礼)andstatedthathewasashamedHisresignation,though,(小题7)(reject)bytheUKprimeministerSo,howlateistoolate?ManyculturestakepunctualityveryseriouslyIncontrast,othersseemtoviewtardiness(小题8)justthenormalwayofthingsWhatisconsideredacceptableisbasedoncultureThatis,ifyoudon’tmindwaiting,itmightbebesttoattendyour(小题9)(appoint)ingoodtimeAndiftheworstcomestotheworst,remembertheoldEnglishproverb,“(小题10)(well)latethannever”SectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)Nowadaysmanypeopleareundergreatpressurefromstudy,workandlife.Somebegintobecomesad,hopelessandfinallysufferfromdepression,whichcanmakeapersonfeelsadorupset.TheAmericanAcademyofFamilyPhysicianshasmadearesearchintothisillness.1、ReachoutandstayconnectedWhenyou'redepressed,reachouttoclosefamilymembersandfriendscanbetough.However,socialsupportisabsolutelyessentialtodepressionrecovery.2、DothingsthatmakeyoufeelgoodThoughyoucan'tforceyourselftohavefunorexperiencepleasure,youcanpushyourselftodothingsyoudon'tlike.3、Evenifyourdepressiondoesn'tbecomebetterimmediately,you'llgraduallyfeelmoreoptimisticandenergeticasyoumaketimeforfunactivities.4、Getasmuchexerciseaspossibletogetthemostbenefit,takingexerciseatleast30minutesperday,sixtimesaweek.Researchshowsthatregularexercisecanbeaseffectiveasmedicaltreatmenttorelievedepressionsymptoms.Italsohelpswithyourrecovery.5、Evenifyou'rereceivingprofessionalhelp,thesetipscanbepartofyourtreatmentplan,speedingyourrecoveryandpreventingdepressionfromreturning.A.Eatmoremood-boostingfood.B.Keeptheseself-helptipsinmind.C.Takephysicalexerciseeveryday.D.Therefore,we'dbetterturntoothersforhelp.E.Herearesomesuggestionsfordealingwithdepression.F.Stayingconnectedtootherpeoplewillmakeyouingoodmood.G.Youmightbesurprisedthatyouwillfeelbetteronceyoujoinin.ThemanwhocouldseethefutureTheabilitytopredictthefutureisararetalent.AmericanauthorIsaacAsimov(1920—1992),oneofthegreatsciencefictionwritersofhisage,hadsuchatalent.1、Nowthatwe’rehere,let’sseewhathegotright.2、Asimovthoughtcomputerswouldcausearevolutioncomparabletothe
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