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XX小升初数学知识点讲解整理(比与比例)(一)比的意义和性质.比的意义两个数相除又叫做两个数的比。“:”是比号,读作“比”。比号前面的数叫做比的前项,比号后面的数叫做比的后项。比的前项除以后项所得的商,叫做比值。同除法比较,比的前项相当于被除数,后项相当于除数,比值相当于商。比值通常用分数表示,也可以用小数表示,有时也可能是整数。比的后项不能是零。根据分数与除法的关系,可知比的前项相当于分子,后项相当于分母,比值相当于分数值。2.比的性质比的前项和后项同时乘上或者除以相同的数(0除外),比值不变,这叫做比的基本性质。3.求比值和化简比求比值的方法:用比的前项除以后项,它的结果是一个数值可以是整数,也可以是小数或分数。根据比的基本性质可以把比化成最简单的整数比。它的结果必须是一个最简比,即前、后项是互质的数。4.比例尺图上距离:实际距离=比例尺要求会求比例尺;已知图上距离和比例尺求实际距离;已知实际距离和比例尺求图上距离。线段比例尺:在图上附有一条注有数目的线段,用来表示和地面上相对应的实际距离。5.按比例分配在农业生产和日常生活中,常常需要把一个数Unit

2There

were

few

doctors,so

he

had

to

work

very

hardon

his

own.Module

3Heroes1Norman

Bethune诺尔曼•白求恩(1890-1939)Do

you

know

who

heis?2born

in

Gravenhurst,Ontario,

Canada

onMarch

4,

1890graduated

inUniversity

ofToronto

in

19163went

toSpain

in

1936

and

organizeda

mobile

blood

transfusion

service4came

toChina

and

joinedthe

8th

Route

Army

in

theShanxi-Hebeiborder

regionasasurgeondied

because

ofsepticemia(败血症)whenhe

was

only

49

in

19395soldier

treatNorman

Bethunewas

Canadian.He

was

a

doctor.He

tried

his

best

totreat

the

sick

soldiers.hospital

sickwar

woundin

Cthaenabdioaxn.

(Pdo2c0to)

r1

Make

some

sentences

aboutwhatNorman

Bethune

did,

using

the

words6Answer

the

questions.Task

1Who

is

the

writer

of

thispassage?WangLingling.What

does

this

passage

mainly

talk

about?It

mainly

talks

about

Wang

Lingling’shero—Dr

Norman

Bethune.one

of+the+形容词最高级+名词复数表示“……中最……之一”。7die

for意为“为……而死”。Listen

to

the

passage

aboutDr

Norman

Bethuneandchoose

the

correct

answer.(There

might

be

more

thanone

right

answer.)Task

281.

Where

is

Dr

Norman

Bethunefrom?A.China B.

Spain C.

Canada2.

What

did

he

do

to

take

care

of

the

sick?A.

He

treated

them

on

his

own.B.

He

invented

special

medical

tools.C.

He

taught

local

doctors

andnurses.3.

What

did

Dr

Bethune

die

of?A.

hard

work B.

tirednessC.

hiswound4.

Who

are

still

remembering

himtoday?A.Chinese B.

Canadians C.Spanish①②③④研究新办法照顾;护理the+adj.

表示一类人引导目的状语从句引导原因状语从句on

one’s

own独自一人引导结果状语从句那时候manage

to

do

sth.表示“设法做(成某事)”

死于…9…456221)a)

came

to

Chinab)

wrote

books

about

ways

of

treatingthe

sick

in

China1

c)

was

born

in

18903d)

invented

medical

tools

to

use

outsidehospitalsdiedwent

to

treat

the

wounded

soldiers

inSpainTask

33

Number

the

events

about

NormanBethune

in

the

order

they

happened.(P10Check

the

sentences

and

correct

thew1.rNonogrmoannesB.

ethune

began

to

work

as

a×doctor

in

11993166.Because

of

Dr

Bethune’s

inventions,doctors

could

treat

the

wounded

morequickly.

√There

were

sofemwe

doctors

during

the

Anti-Japanese

War.

×He

often

worked

hard

to

save

thesoldiers

without

taking

care

of

himself.√Dr

Bethune

is

a

hero

in

Chinese’smind.√Task

411the

(2) in

Spain,

he

treated

the

woundedand

wounded

soldiers.

He

often

workedwarsicksold(Pier2s1th)

ere.Heinventedspecial(3)

tools

touse

outside

hospitals.

His

(4)

inventionssaved

manylives.

In

China,

he

(5)

continued

to

treat(6)inventionwoundwithout

taking

a

rest

and

did

not

look

after

(7)

himself

.

At

one

point,

he

(8)

managed

to

saveover

one

hundred

lives

insixty-nine

hours.Duringan

operation,

he

cut

his

finger,

and

finally

died

ofhis

(9)

wound

.

He

is

still

remembered

in

bothChina

andCanada.Canadian

continue

himselfmanage

siTcaksk

5tool

war4

NCoormmapnleBteethtuhnee

wpaass(s1a)Cgaenawdiitahn

t,hbeut

he

isonecoofrtrheecmt

ofostrfmamoofusthheeroweos

rindCshiinnat.hDeubrionxg

.12In

the

1980s,

he

travelled

around

theworldand

gave

advice

about

growing

rice

tomany

people.

In

2004,

he

wontheWorldFood

Prizefor

his

work.

Yuan

Longping’snew

rice

has

helped

many

countries

of

theworld

grow

more

rice

than

before.

So

he

iscalled

“the

Father

of

Rice”.

He

hassavedmany

people

from

hunger,

and

that

is

whyhe

is

ahero.13die

for/oftake

care

ofon

one’s

own…and

wrote

books

so

that

they

couldlearn

about

how

he

treated

thesick.Once,

he

even

worked

for

sixty-ninehours

without

stopping

and

managed

tosave

over

a

hundred

lives.本课时主要短语和句型总结回顾141. The

young

man

is

old

enough

to

look

after(he).Ⅰ.用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。himself—Look!

There

is

a

wounded

(wound)woman.

Let’s

help

her.—Okay.Please

wait

a

moment.

Mr

Li

is

doing

a(n)

operation

(operate)atthemoment.—The

project

is

very

good.

I

like

it

verymuch.—Thank

you.

Dan

and

I

developed(develop)

it

from

Maria’sidea.5.

These

inventions

(invent)

have

broughtthe

old

lots

ofhappiness.15Ⅱ.根据句意及首字母提示写出正确的单词。Sara

has

been

s

ick

for

two

days

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