浙江省名校协作体2023-2024学年高二下学期开学英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1浙江省名校协作体2023-2024学年高二下学期开学英语试题第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.〖答案〗是C。1.Whatcoloristhesofa?A.White.B.Brown.C.Blue.2.Whatwillthemando?A.Lockthedoors.B.Repairthespeakers.C.Informthecustomers.3.Whatarethespeakersmainlydiscussing?A.Thewoman'sgarden.B.Thewoman'scooking.C.Theirgrandma'shealth.4.WhoisNicole?A.Theman'sdaughter.B.Theman'ssister.C.Theman'sniece.5.Whathappenedtotheman?A.HelostanEnglishreport.B.HebrokehisUSBmemory.C.Hesentafiletoawrongperson.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.WhatjobwouldMillieprefer?A.Tocreatesoaps.B.Todobeautytreatments.C.Todoresearchonscience.7.WhatismoreimportanttoMillie?A.Ahighsalary.B.Ahighsocialstatus.C.Jobsatisfaction.听第7段材料,回答第8至10题。8.Whattimeisitnow?A.7:00p.m.B.8:00p.m.C.9:00p.m.9.Whatarethespeakersgoingtodotomorrowmorning?A.Pickupafriend.B.Catchaflight.C.Takeatraintothecity.10.Howdoesthewomanprobablyfeel?A.Annoyed.B.Excited.C.Surprised.听第8段材料,回答第11至13题。11.Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Orderingfood.B.Waitinginline.C.Takingabreak.12.Howoftendoesthewomanexerciseeveryweek?A.Twice.B.Threetimes.C.Fourtimes.13.Howdoesthemanusuallygettowork?A.Bycar.B.Onfoot.C.Bysubway.听第9段材料,回答第14至16题。14.Whatwillthegirldotomorrowafternoon?A.Takeatest.B.MeetwithMary.C.HandinanEnglishpaper.15.Whatdoweknowaboutthegirl'sparents?A.Theylikereadingpoems.B.Theylikereadingsciencebooks.C.Theyinfluencedthegirltomakeadecision.16.Wheredoestheconversationmostlikelytakeplace?A.Ataclassroom.B.Atthegirl'shouse.C.Attheteachers'office.听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。17.WhatdoesthespeakerthinkoftheweddinginItaly?A.Itistypical.B.Itisboring.C.Itisimpressive.18.Wheredidthebridegroommeetthebride?A.InItaly.B.InFrance.C.InEngland.19.WhatoftenhappensatAmericanweddingsaccordingtothespeaker?A.Longspeechesaregiven.B.Abigdinnerisservedbeforethewedding.C.Everythingaboutweddingismadeathome.20.Whydidthefamilycutupthebridegroom'stie?A.Toplayajokeonthebridegroom.B.Tomakethebridegroomdifferent.C.Toraisemoneyforthenewcouple.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳〖答案〗。AOpeningNoticefortheNationalMuseumofChina(NMC)Admission:NMCisopenfromTuesdaytoSunday,9:00-17:30(noentryafter16:30),andisclosedonMondays(exceptforpublicholidays).Allvisitorsarerequiredtobookonline1-7daysinadvanceviatheNMCofficialwebsiteorWeChatplatform.AudioGuideRental:AudioguidedevicesareavailableattheWestHallServiceDeskforRMB40,withaRMB100deposit.AvalidIDisnecessary.Damagetoanaudioguidecausesafeebasedonthelevelofdamage.Lostdevicesaresubjecttopaymentofthefullpurchasecost.Facilities:WheelchairsandstrollersareavailableforfreeuseonthedayofvisitattheServiceDesk.AvalidIDcardandadepositofRMB500arerequired.PhotoPolicy:PhotographyisallowedintheNMCcollectionexhibitionswithoutusingflash,selfiesticks,ortripods.Temporaryexhibitsmayhavespecificphotopolicies,indicatedbyclearsignsputupatboththeentranceandthecorrespondingexhibithalls.Transportation:BusRoute:YoucantaketheNo.1,No.2,No.52,No.82,No.120buses,orSightseeingLine2,TouristBusLine1andLine2andgetoffatTian'anmenEastStation.Metro:YoucantakeMetroLine1,getoffatTian'anmenEastStation,andexitthestationthroughExitC.21.Whathappensifarentedaudioguidedeviceisdamaged?A.AnadditionalfeeofRMB40ischarged.B.Thevisitorisexcusedfromanycharges.C.Itsfullpriceischargedregardlessofthedamage.D.Compensationisbasedontheextentofthedamage.22.WhatcanyoudoduringyourvisittoNMC?A.Borrowawheelchairwithadepositof$500.B.Useastrollerprovidedbythemuseumforfree.C.Takephotoswithflashlight,selfiestickortripod.D.Takepicturesofthecollectionsonallexhibitions.23.WhichofthefollowingcantakeyoutoNMC?A.TheNo.82Bus.B.SightseeingLine1.C.TouristBusLine52.D.MetroLine2.BWhenMarkAnthonyGonzalessawapoliceofficerinneedofassistance,everyelementofthemoralcodeinstalledinhimthroughhisBrazilianjiu-jitsu(巴西柔术)trainingmorality,courage,benevolence(仁爱)—toldhimtostophiscarandlendahand,eventhoughhiswife,RachelOrtiz,andhisfourkidswereinthecar.Thesuspect,abaldingmanofmediumbuild,wasrunningfromapoliceofficerinSanAntonio,Texas.Gonzalessloweddown.Sodidthemanbeingchased—toavoidrunningintoGonzales'sminivan.Thathesitationallowedtheofficertocatchupandtakethesuspecttotheground.ButGonzalesquicklyrealizedthattheofficerdidnothavecontrolofthesituationwiththesuspectstrugglingfiercely.Gonzalesputhisvehicleinparkandjumpedout,asdidOrtiz.ThefirstthingGonzalesdidwasidentifyhimselfandspellouthisintentiontomakeittwo-on-oneintheofficer'sfavorandnottheotherwayaround.Then,withthemanonhisbackandtheofficerstrugglingtocontroltheman'supperbody,Gonzalesputhisweightontheman'slegs.Secondslater,whenthesuspectrolledontohisstomach,Gonzalesusedtechniqueshe'dlearnedinthegym:digginghiskneeintothesuspect'selbowandpullingthesuspect'sheadtowardhimtomaintaincontrolfromtheside.Hethenappliedanunderhookajiu-jitsumovewherethehandsareplacedundertheopponent'sarmtocontroltheshoulderandupperbody—andtuggeduntil,afterafewseconds,thesuspect'sshouldergaveout.Theofficerclickedonthehandcuffsandthethreatwasover.Gonzaleshadaskedhiswifetorecordeverythingtoprotecthimjustincaseanythingwascalledintoquestion.ButOrtizpostedthevideoonFacebook,whereitattractedover56millionviews.AmongthoseawedbythevideowasBrazilianjiu-jitsuinstructorRenerGracie,afourth-degreeblackbelt,whostated:“ThecombinationofGonzales'stechniqueandhiscalmcommunicationwithboththeofficerandsuspectisthestuffoflegends!”24.WhydidGonzalesstophiscar?A.Toprotecthisfamily.B.Toupholdjustice.C.Toshowhiscourage.D.Toperformjiu-jitsu.25.WhatdidGonzalesdofirstwhenhecametotheofficer?A.Hejoinedinthetwo-on-onefight.B.Hepersuadedthesuspecttogivein.C.Hewarnedthepolicemanofdanger.D.Hedeclaredhisidentityandintention.26.WhydidGonzalesaskOrtiztoshootthevideo?A.Torecordhisheroicdeeds.B.Toavoidgettingintrouble.C.ToattractviewsonFacebook.D.Toexposethesuspect'sbehavior.27.What'sthebesttitleofthearticle?A.Jiu-jitsuMakesALegendB.AVictoryOfTwo-on-oneC.LendingaWell-TrainedHandD.JusticeHasLongArmsCFallingbirthratesareamajorconcernforsomeofAsia'sbiggesteconomies.Governmentsintheregionarespendinghundredsofbillionsofdollarstryingtoreversethetrend.Willitwork?Japanbeganintroducingpoliciestoencouragecouplestohavemorechildreninthe1990s.SouthKoreastarteddoingthesameinthe2000s,whileSingapore'sfirstfertility(生育)policydatesbackto1987.China,whichhasseenitspopulationfallforthefirsttimein60years,recentlyjoinedthegrowingclub.Whileitisdifficulttoquantifyexactlyhowmuchthesepolicieshavecost,SouthKoreanPresidentYoonSuk-yeolrecentlysaidhiscountryhadspentmorethan$200bn(£160bn)overthepast16yearsontryingtoboostthepopulation.YetlastyearSouthKoreabrokeitsownrecordfortheworld'slowestfertilityrate,withtheaveragenumberofbabiesexpectedperwomanfallingto0.78.InneighbouringJapan,whichhadrecordlowbirthsoffewerthan800,000lastyear,PrimeMinisterFumioKishidahaspromisedtodoublethebudgetforchild-relatedpoliciesfrom10tnyen($74.7bn;£59.2bn).Havingabiggerpopulationwhocanworkandproducemoregoodsandservicesleadstohighereconomicgrowth.Andwhilealargerpopulationcanmeanhighercostsforgovernments,itcanalsoresultinbiggertaxrevenues(税收).Also,manyAsiancountriesareageingrapidly.Japanleadsthepackwithnearly30%ofitspopulationnowovertheageof65andsomeothernationsintheregionarenotfarbehind.ComparethatwithIndia,whichhasjustovertakenChinaastheworld'smostpopulousnation.Morethanaquarterofitspeoplearebetweentheageof10and20,whichgivesitseconomyhugepotentialforgrowth.Andwhentheshareoftheworkingagepopulationgetssmaller,thecostandburdenoflookingafterthenon-workingpopulationgrow.“Negativepopulationgrowthhasanimpactontheeconomy,andtogetherwithanageingpopulation,theywon'tbeabletoaffordtosupporttheelderly,”saidXiujianPengofVictoriaUniversity.28.WhichAsiancountryfirsttookmeasurestoincreasepopulationinthispassage?A.Japan.B.SouthKorea.C.Singapore.D.China.29.WhatcanwelearnaboutthepopulationofAsiancountriesfromthepassage?A.Japanhitthelowestrecordofnew-bornbabieslastyear.B.Indiahasthelargestandyoungestpopulationintheworld.C.China'spopulationhasbeendecreasingintherecent60years.D.SouthKoreahadthelowestpopulationrecordlastyearintheworld.30.Whatcanweinferfromparagraph4?A.TheeconomyofIndiawillovertakethatofJapan.B.Negativepopulationgrowthleadstoanageingpopulation.C.Thelargerthepopulationis,thebettertheeconomywillbe.D.Abiggershareofworkingagepopulationhelpssupporttheelderly.31.What'sthemainideaofthispassage?A.Lowbirthrateisanegativefactorforeconomy.B.Chinaisjoiningthecountriesoflowbirthrate.C.ManyAsiancountriescametonegativepopulationgrowth.D.ManyAsiancountriesaretryingallouttobattlelowbirthrate.DThatartificialfooddyes(染料)areunhealthyisnotnews.Someareknowntocausehyperactivity(多动症)insomechildren,affectingtheirabilitytolearn.Butregulatoryagenciesaroundtheworlddon'tnecessarilyagreeonwhichfooddyesareaproblem,orwhy.Thatmaysoonchange.An2021peer-reviewedreportbyCalifornia'sOfficeofEnvironmentalHealthHazardAssessmentconcludedthatartificialfooddyes“causeorworsenneurobehavioralproblemsinsomechildren”andthatthecurrentlevelsregardedsafeforconsumptionbythefederalgovernmentaretoohigh.Californiaisnowconsideringrequiringwarninglabelsonfoodproductsanddietarysupplementscontainingthesevenmostcommonlyusedartificialdyes.ThewarninglabelrequirementwouldputCaliforniaonparwiththeEuropeanUnion,whichsince2010hasrequiredfoodproductscontainingcertainartificialfooddyestocarrywarninglabelsabouttheirnegativeeffectonactivityandattentioninchildren.Artificialdyesareusedinfoodsforonereason:tomakeproductslookprettier.Brightcolorsmakecandiesappealing,especiallytokids.Butdyesarealsoinchocolatecakemixes,saladressingsandotherproductsthatdon'tseemtocryoutforacolorboost.InEurope,itwasthe2010labellawmakingthattriggeredcompanies’decisionstoreformulate.“Ifyou’reacompany,youdonotwanttoputawarninglabelonyourproduct,”saysLefferts,anenvironmentalhealthconsultant.WarninglabelsarewhyEuropeanStarburstFruitChewsarenowcoloredwithnaturalproducts,nottheartificialdyesthatbrightentheirNorthAmericancounterparts(同类商品).Giventhatartificialfooddyesareexcessivelyused,weneedtobemorecautious.Afterall,wedon'tdyefreshfruitsandvegetables,butwedodyecandyandsprinkles,pointsoutJoeSchwarcz,achemistryprofessoratMcGillUniversityinMontreal.“Thefoodsinwhichyoufindfooddyesarefoodsthatarepoorinnutrition,”hesays.“Ifyoulimitfoodsthatcontainfooddyes,youautomaticallymakeyourdietbetter.”32.Whatcanwelearnaboutartificialfooddyesfromparagraph1?A.A2021reportconfirmedtheirnegativeeffects.B.Thefactthattheyareharmfulisnewlyrevealed.C.Regulatoryagenciesconsiderthemaseriousproblem.D.TheFederalgovernmentthinkstheircurrentstandardtoohigh.33.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“onparwith”inparagraph2mean?A.Inoppositionto.B.Aheadof.C.Inlinewith.D.Behind.34.Whichmightbeapossibleresultofthenewruleaccordingtothearticle?A.Foodcompanieswillstopcoloringtheirproducts.B.Morefreshfruitsandvegetableswillappearinthemarket.C.Foodcompaniesmayreplaceartificialdyeswithnaturalproducts.D.Itwillbehardtofindpackagedfoodswithoutwarninglabelsofdyes.35.What'sJoeSchwarcz'sattitudetowardsartificialfooddyes?A.Approving.B.Concerned.C.Neutral.D.Indifferent.第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Eachfall,thefluemergesasaterribleforce.36InfluenzavirusescausemillionsofillnessesandthousandsofdeathsintheUnitedStateseachyear.Soit'snecessarytoknowmoreaboutthefluviruses.What'sthedifferencebetweenTypeAandTypeB?InfluenzaAvirusescomeinmanyvarieties.Foursubtypescommonlyaffecthumans.ButmanymoreinfluenzaAviruseshavebeenidentifiedinanimals,whichmakesitapotentialsourceofpandemicswheneveranewtypeofinfluenzaAjumpstohumans.37Theyaredividedintojusttwolineages(谱系)thatcauseseasonaloutbreaks.Whataresymptomsofaninfluenzainfection?Ifyoudogetsickwiththeflu,you'llhavecommonsymptomslikefever,muscleachesandrespiratoryailments.Mostotherwisehealthypeoplearesickforthreetosevendays.38Theflucanalsotriggerinflammatory(炎症反应)responsesinthebodyandworsenexistingchronicconditionslikeasthmaorheartdisease.39SomerapidtestsavailableatdoctorsofficescandistinguishbetweeninfluenzaAandB,althoughtheytendtohavelowsensitivity.DoctorscanalsoordermoresensitiveP.C.R.teststoidentifythespecificfluviruscausinginfection.Howdoyoutreatinfluenza?Totreattheflu,wecantakeapprovedantiviralmedicationsthatarecommonlyusedtoshortenthedurationandseverityofillness.Stayhydrated,getplentyofrestanduseover-the-countermedicationstoreducefeverasneeded.Butifyoudevelopasustainedfeverof39°C,youhavedifficultybreathingoryouexperienceseverechestorstomachpain,itisimportanttoseekmedicalattentionimmediately.40A.Howdoyougettestedforinfluenza?B.Howdoyouknowwhichtypeyouhave?C.InfluenzaBviruses,however,onlycirculateinhumans.D.Insomecases,thecoughandfatiguecanlingerfortwoweeks.E.Thesemaybesignsthatyouneedastrongerinfluenzatreatment.F.Therearetwoplayerseveryfluseason:influenzaTypeAandTypeB.G.Publichealthofficialsrecommendeveryonesixmonthsandoldergetanannualflushot.第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。ThefirsttimeIsawtherealSanta,hedroveabig,charcoal-coloredtruck,notacherryredsleigh,intheAugustheat.Hewasn'twhatI41atall.MyhusbandhadlosthisjobearlyinJuly,andwe'dbeen42expenseseverywherewecould.He'dbeenlookingforajobbut43.Oneafternoon,wewerefeelingparticularly44sowedecidedtotreatourselvestoamealfromMcDonald's.Justaquickdrive-throughrun,nobigdeal.Whenwegottothewindowtopay,theemployeesaidourmealhadbeentakencareofbythecar45us.Weattemptedtokeepthepay-it-forwardchaingoingbyofferingtopayforthe46forthecarbehindus.“No,thatmanjustpaidforeveryoneinline,”saidtheemployee.She47towardthetruckthatwasslowlypullingawayto48theparkinglot.Wehadnochoicebuttoget49withthefactthatastrangerhadjustdonesomethingkindforus,andtherewasnowaytorepayit,payitforward,etc.IlookedtowardthetruckandthoughtIcouldseetheman'sgrininthedriver'sside50.He51hishandoutthewindowandgaveacheerfulwave,andit52remindedmeoftheillustrationofaChristmaspoemwhereSantawasflyingawayintothenight,glovedhandupinagoodbyewave.Itseemedlikealittle53thatwe'dbealright.Myhusbandfoundawonderfuljobshortlyafterthat.We'vegoneontodorandomactsof54forothers,rememberingtheeffectthisfreemealhadonusthat55daywhenSantadroveatruckandleftwithabiggrinandalittlewave.41.A.revealedB.expectedC.predictedD.reflected42.A.gettingridofB.comingdownwithC.makingupforD.cuttingbackon43.A.invainB.ineffectC.indebtD.inissue44.A.awkwardB.lowC.ashamedD.nervous45.A.closebyB.behindC.aheadofD.beyond46.A.menuB.orderC.serviceD.expense47.A.gesturedB.glancedC.yelledD.edged48.A.enterB.approachC.seekD.exit49.A.ashamedB.stressedC.comfortableD.grateful50.A.doorB.mirrorC.windowD.seat51.A.struckB.shotC.stuckD.lent52.A.quicklyB.ultimatelyC.automaticallyD.instantly53.A.reminderB.memoryC.imageD.example54.A.kindnessB.gratitudeC.heroismD.sacrifice55.A.mildB.freezingC.hotD.damp第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Chang'anTower,alsoknownastheGreatWildGoosePagoda,isanarchitecturalwonder56(locate)inXi’an,China.Withitsrichhistoricalsignificanceandstunningbeauty,thisancienttowerstandsasamasterpieceofChina'sculturalheritage.57(original)builtduringtheTangDynastyinthe7thcentury,Chang'anTowerservedasaBuddhistpagoda,housingBuddhistmaterialsthatthemonkXuanzangbroughtfromIndia.Itsconstruction58(order)byEmperorGaozongtopromoteBuddhismandfacilitate(使…便利)thetranslationofBuddhistscriptures(佛经)59Chinese.Risingtoa60(high)of64meters,thesquare-shaped,thirteen-storeytowershowcasesthesplendidcraftsmanshipofancientChinesecraftsmen,eachstoreyof61exhibitsuniquearchitecturalfeatures,62(reflect)theculturalinfluencesofthetime.Visitorscangouptheinternalstaircasetothetopformagnificent63(view)ofthecity.Surroundingthepagoda,theserenegardensandtheDaCi’enTempleofferapeacefulretreataswell.Whetheritisforexperiencingapieceofhistory64exploringculturalwonders,Chang'anToweris65essentialdestinationforthoseexploringChina'svasthistoricallandscape.第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)假定你是高中生李华，将在假期和你校的英国交换生Jack共同完成一项研究性学习任务。请给Jack写一封邮件，提议研究偶像对高中生成长的影响。内容包括：1.