2022-2023学年河北省保定市六校联盟高一下学期期中联考英语试题（解析版）

高中英语名校试卷PAGEPAGE1河北省保定市六校联盟2022-2023学年高一下学期期中联考英语试卷第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.〖答案〗是C。1.Whatdoesthemanaskthewomantodo?A.Lendhimatennisball.B.Havelunchtogether.C.Playtennisafterschool.2.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Acompany.B.Apieceofnews.C.Anaccident.3.Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A.Inabookstore.B.Inalibrary.C.Inagym.4.Whatdoesthewomansuggestdoing?A.Buyinganewchair.B.Fixingthebrokenchair.C.Replacingthebrokenchair.5.WhathappenedtoAnna?A.Shegotherclothesdirty.B.Shedroppedhercoffee.C.Shefellonthecarpet,第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Wherewillthespeakersgothisweekend?A.Toacinema.B.Toapark.C.Tothebeach.7.Howmuchwillthespeakersprobablyspend?A.£8.B.£24.C.£40.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A.Attendaclass.B.Checkadatabase.C.Buyabook.9.Whichmethodofpaymentisunacceptable?A.Thecreditcard.B.Thecash.C.Thecheck.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.WhatisSam’sopinionontheconcert?A.Itiscrowded.B.Itisexcellent.C.Itislon11.WhatdoesStacyplantodointhesummer?A.Seeaband.B.Designalogo.C.Goonatour.12.WhatwillSamgiveStacy?A.A.T-shirt.B.Aticket.C.ACD.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.HowlongdidthewomanstudyGerman?A.Oneyear.B.threeyears.C.Fouryears.14.Whatdoesthearticlesayaboutpeoplegoingabroad?A.Theypracticetheforeignlanguagesinadvance.B.Theyuseforeignlanguagestheystudiedatschool.C.Theyprefertogotocountrieswithoutlanguageproblems.15.Whatlanguageisthemostpopularamongstudents?A.Italian.B.French.C.Spanish.16.WhatwillschoolsdowiththestateoflanguagelearningintheUK?A.Offerforeignlanguageclassesinprimaryschools.B.Encouragestudentstopracticeforeignlanguages.C.Askparentstohelptheirchildrenlearnlanguages.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatisthespeaker?A.Adoctor.B.Acoach.C.Ahostess.18.WhatdidEricNerhusdowhenhewasindanger?A.Hestuckhisfingersintotheshark’seye.B.Heknockedtheshark’sbody.C.Hehittheshark’smouth.19.HowdidEricNerhusgettothehospital?A.Byboat.B.Bycar.C.Byhelicopter.20.WhatdoesthespeakerthinkofEricNerhus?A.Heisbrave.B.Heislucky.C.Heisstrong.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATheMostExtremeTravelAdventuresinTheWorldThedriestplaceonEarth:AtacamaDesert,ChileYou’lldefinitelyneedtherightkindofsunscreenifyouplanontravelingthroughthisdesert.FromOctober1903toJanuary1918,theAtacamaDesertdidnotseesomuchasonedropofrain,makingitthelongestrainlessperiodintheworld’srecordedhistory.Lesslypopulated,theAtacamaDeserthasseveralhotelstochoosefromthatcatertotouristswhocometoexploretheland.ThehottestplaceonEarth:LutDesert,IranHere,temperaturessoarashighas158degreesF,soit’simportanttohaveagameplanforstayingcoolandknowthesignsofheatstrokeincaseyoudevelopsymptoms.Accordingtoalocallegend,thenameDasht-eLutmeans“toastedwheat”inPersian,referencingastoryaboutaloadofwheatthatburstintoflamesafterbeingaccidentallyleftoutinthedesertforafewdays.Thoughtouristsvisitthisdesertland,it’sadestinationonlyforthosewillingtotakeonthechallengeofsurvivingtheheatandtheunbearablydryclimate.Theclosestplacetoouterspace:MountChimborazo,EcuadorAninactivevolcanothatlasteruptedinapproximately550AD,MountChimborazostandsatover20,000feethigh.WhileMountEverestisover29,000feettall,duetothepositionofthemountainontheearth’ssurface,thepeakofMountChimborazoisthefurthestspotfromthecenteroftheearth.Thatalsomeansthatstandingonitwillputyouclosesttoouterspacethanmancaneverreachonfoot.ThemostisolatedplaceonEarth:TristandaCunha,UnitedKingdomLookingforagetawayfromtheeveryday?Forgetthesepopularislandgetaways;thisisaboutasfarawayfromitasyoucanget.DiscoveredbyPortugueseexplorerTristaodaCunhain1506,theislandishometofewerthan300inhabitantsandhasnoairport;TristandaCunhaisaccessibleonlybysea.1.WhichofthefollowingsisamustduringyourvisittotheAtacamaDesert?A.Bookasuitablehotel.B.HaveabasicknowledgeofMartiansoil.C.Haveagameplanforstayingcool.D.Buyasuitablesunscreen.2.Whichplacebestsuitspeoplewhohaveahightolerancetohightemperature?A.TheAtacamaDesert.B.TheLutDesert.C.MountChimborazo.D.TristandaCunha.3.HowcanonegettoTristandaCunha?A.Byplane. B.Byboat.C.Bytrain. D.Bycar.〖答案〗1.D2.B3.B〖解析〗【导语】本文是应用文。文章介绍了4个世界上最极端的旅行冒险经历：地球上最干燥的地方；最热的地方；最接近外太空的地方和最偏僻的地方。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据ThedriestplaceonEarth:AtacamaDesert,Chile部分的“You’lldefinitelyneedtherightkindofsunscreenifyouplanontravelingthroughthisdesert.(如果你打算穿越这片沙漠，你肯定需要合适的防晒霜)”可知，在你去阿塔卡马沙漠的时候，防晒霜是必需品。故选D。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据ThehottestplaceonEarth:LutDesert,Iran部分的“Here,temperaturessoarashighas158degreesF,soit’simportanttohaveagameplanforstayingcoolandknowthesignsofheatstrokeincaseyoudevelopsymptoms.(这里的气温高达华氏158度，所以有一个保持凉爽的计划很重要，如果你出现症状，知道中暑的迹象很重要)”可知，伊朗的鲁特沙漠非常热，因此这里适合耐高温的人们。故选B。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据ThemostisolatedplaceonEarth:TristandaCunha,UnitedKingdom部分的“DiscoveredbyPortugueseexplorerTristaodaCunhain1506,theislandishometofewerthan300inhabitantsandhasnoairport;TristandaCunhaisaccessibleonlybysea.(1506年，葡萄牙探险家特里斯托·达·库尼亚发现了该岛，岛上居民不到300人，没有机场；特里斯坦达库尼亚只能通过海路到达)”可知，要去这里需要乘船。故选B。BDuringmytriptoEurope,IhadtheopportunitytovisitStonehenge,whichisconsideredoneofthemostfamousprehistoricsitesintheworld.AsIapproachedthearea,itbecamecleartomethatitwasacircleofhugestones.Thestoneswerehuge.Ourtourguidesaidthatthesquarestonesweighnearlyfivetonseach,standeighteenfeethigh,andarethreefeetthick.Itwasamazingtoseethemupclose.SomethingthatIreallyaskedmyselfwashowtheancientpeoplecouldhavebeenwiseenoughtoarrangethestonesasuprightpillars(柱子),thenconnectthestonesoverhead,andplacethemaltogethertoformacircle.Itwasagreatfeelingtoadmirethemagnificentstonesupclose.Itriedtoimaginethefiguresoftheancientpeoplemovingtheheavystones,butitwashardtoimaginehowtheycouldachievesuchincrediblework.AsIadmiredthestonesupclose,Ialmostimaginedmyselfbackintime,standingthere,watchingthepeoplemovethestones.Itwasreallystrange.AsIwalkedaroundthestones,Inoticedhowsegregatedtheywere:therewasnothingelsestandingaroundthem,nocommunityoranything.Weretheyalsodisconnectedinancienttimes?Ifso,whyhadtheancientpeopleconstructedthemthatway?Andwhydidtheyplacethemfarawayfromanycommunity?IfonlyIcouldreallytravelbackintimeandfindout!Mythoughtswereinterruptedbyourtourguide’svoice.Hewasexplainingthatnobodyknewabouttheexactoriginofthestones,butmostscientistsagreedthatitdatesfromthetimeoftheDruids,thefirstpeopleinEngland.HesaidthatthereweremanydifferenttheoriesaboutwhyStonehengewascreated.SomepeoplebelievethatStonehengewasanastronomicalcalendarbecauseitwasbuiltinacirculardesign;theythinkitmightrepresentthepassingoftime.Ileftthatawesomeplacewiththefeelingthatmanypeoplehadbeenherebeforeme,eachwithadifferentunderstandingoftheplace,eachwonderingaboutsomethinggreatandunknownthattookplacetherealongtimeagointhepast.Itwasanunforgettableexperience.4.Whatdidtheauthorwanttoknowwhenhelookedatthestone?A.Howtheancientpeopleliftedthestones.B.Howmucheachstoneweighed.C.Whythestoneswerearrangedinthatway.D.Whytheancientpeopleusedsuchhugestones.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“segregated”inparagraph4means?A.special B.separatedC.creative D.ancient6.Whatdoweknowaboutthestonesfromthetext?A.ThesestonesoriginatedfromthetimeoftheDruids.B.Stonehengemayhavebeenbuiltassomekindofreligiousstructure.C.Thearrangementofthesestonesisnaturallyformed.D.Thecirculardesignofthesestonesmaybeasymboloftimepassing.7.Wheredoesthetextprobablycomefrom?A.Anofficialreport.B.Ahistorypaper.C.Ageographytextbook.D.Aculturaljournal.〖答案〗4.C5.B6.D7.D〖解析〗【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是作者去欧洲旅行，有机会看到了世界上最著名的史遗址——巨石阵以及讲述了作者对这一历史遗址的一些疑问和有关这一历史遗址来源的一些理论。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“SomethingthatIreallyaskedmyselfwashowtheancientpeoplecouldhavebeenwiseenoughtoarrangethestonesasuprightpillars(柱子),thenconnectthestonesoverhead,andplacethemaltogethertoformacircle.(我真正想问自己的是，古人是如何聪明到把石头排成直立的柱子，然后把石头连接在头顶上，并把它们放在一起形成一个圆圈的。)”可知，作者好奇为什么古代人要把石头安排成直立的柱子，然后将石头连起来，并把它们弄成一个圈呢，由此可知，作者想知道的是为什么那样安排这些巨石。故选C项。【5题详析】词义猜测题。根据第四段中划线单词冒号后的“therewasnothingelsestandingaroundthem,nocommunityoranything.Weretheyalsodisconnectedinancienttimes?Ifso,whyhadtheancientpeopleconstructedthemthatway?Andwhydidtheyplacethemfarawayfromanycommunity?(周围什么也没有，没有社区什么的。它们在古代也不相连吗？如果是这样，为什么古人要这样建造它们呢？为什么他们把他们安置在远离社区的地方？)”可知，此处是对划线单词的解释说明，讲述的是巨石的周围什么都没有，作者好奇为什么把它建在一个离社区很远的地方，即将它与社区分离，由此可知，该单词的意思是“分离”。故选B项。【6题详析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“HesaidthatthereweremanydifferenttheoriesaboutwhyStonehengewascreated.SomepeoplebelievethatStonehengewasanastronomicalcalendarbecauseitwasbuiltinacirculardesign;theythinkitmightrepresentthepassingoftime.(他说，关于巨石阵的形成原因有很多不同的理论。有些人认为巨石阵是一种天文历法，因为它是以圆形设计建造的；他们认为这可能代表着时间的流逝。)”可知，对巨石的理论说法有很多，有人认为这是一种天文历法，被设计成原形代表着时间的流逝。故选D项。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据首段中的“DuringmytriptoEurope,IhadtheopportunitytovisitStonehenge,whichisconsideredoneofthemostfamousprehistoricsitesintheworld.(在我的欧洲之行中，我有机会参观了巨石阵，它被认为是世界上最著名的史前遗址之一。)”可知，作者去欧洲有幸游历了世界最著名的史前遗址——巨石阵，进而讲述了作者对这一历史遗址的一些疑问和有关这一历史遗址来源的一些理论，这与文化有关，由此可知，此处本文应出自于文化期刊。故选D项。CMiloisarescuedog,adoptedby20-year-oldMakaylaSwift.ButMiloisalsoarescuer.OnemorninginNovember2021,SwiftopenedherfrontdoorinSilverSpring,Maryland,andMilotookoffrunning.Milorantothehouseacrossthestreet.Heseemedunsatisfiedwiththishouse,soherantotheonenextdoor,Swiftonhistail.“Hestartedscratchingonthefrontdoor,”Swiftsays.“I’mthinking,‘Whyishereallytryingtobreakintoherhouse?’”Shewasembarrassed.Noteveryonewantsastrangedogintheirhouse.ButasshetriedtodragMiloaway,shecouldhearasoundcomingthroughanopenupstairswindow.Itwasavoiceyelling“Help!”Hoursearlier,around4a.m.,SherryStarrhadrisenfromherbed.“Allofasudden,standingtherebetweenthetoiletandthetub,Islipped,”shesays.“Iwentdown-hard-onthetilefloor.”Starris85.Shewasstuck.“Icouldnotmoveatall,”saysStarr,whowasjammedbetweenthetoiletandthetub.Starrwasscared.“I’mthinking:I’mjustgoingtodiehere,”shesays.Herbestbet,shedecided,wastolistenforthelettercarrierintheafternoonandscreamlikethedickens.Forthenextfewhours,Starrpracticedyelling:“Help!Help!Help!”“Hervoicewasveryfaint,”saysSwift.“YouhadtoberightatthefrontdoortohearMrs.Starryellforhelp.”UnlessyouwereMilo,whoapparentlyheardStarrthemomentSwiftopenedherownfrontdoor.Swiftcalled911.Paramedics(护理人员)thoughtthey’dhavetoremovethetoilettorescueStarr,buttheygaveonelastpullandoutshepopped.Thoughbruisedandbattered,Starrdeclinedatriptothehospital.Swifthasknownhershareofdistress(痛苦).Twoyearsago,hermotherdied.ShesaysMilohashelpedherwithhergrief.“Thatdogisablessing,”shesays.8.WhydidMilostartrunningwhenSwiftopenedherfrontdoor?A.Hewantedsomefreshair.B.Hewasinsearchoffood.C.Heheardasoundfromthenearbyhouse.D.Heseemedunsatisfiedwiththeneighbour.9.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesStarrwhenshewasstuck?A.terrified B.confidentC.doubtful D.disappointed10.WhatledtotherescueofStarr?A.Swift’skindness.B.Milo’ssharphearing.C.Thelettercarrier’shelp.D.Paramedics’medicaltreatment.11.WhatdoweknowaboutMilofromthetext?A.Miloisarescuedog,adoptedbySherryStarr.B.Milowasstuckbetweenthetoiletandthetub.C.Miloopenedthefrontdoorandtookoffrunning.D.MiloisablessingaccordingtoMakaylaSwift.〖答案〗8.C9.A10.B11.D〖解析〗【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。85岁的斯塔尔早上起来后摔倒了，她被困在马桶和浴缸之间，她开始呼救，但声音很弱，多亏斯威夫特收养的一只救援犬——麦洛，它依靠敏锐的听觉听到了从斯塔尔房子传来的声音后，跑向斯塔尔的房子，斯塔尔才得救。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段的句子“Shewasembarrassed.Noteveryonewantsastrangedogintheirhouse.ButasshetriedtodragMiloaway,shecouldhearasoundcomingthroughanopenupstairswindow.Itwasavoiceyelling‘Help!’（她感到很尴尬。不是每个人都想让一只陌生的狗出现在自己家里。但当她试图把米洛拖走时，她听到楼上一扇开着的窗户里传来了声音。一个声音在喊：‘救命！’）”和倒数第三段“UnlessyouwereMilo,whoapparentlyheardStarrthemomentSwiftopenedherownfrontdoor.（除非你是麦洛，在斯威夫特打开自家大门的那一刻，它显然听到了斯塔尔的声音）”可知，斯威夫特打开大门的一刻，麦洛开始跑是因为它听到从雪莉·斯塔尔的房子里传来的声音。故选C项。【9题详析】推理判断题。根据第六段“‘Icouldnotmoveatall,’saysStarr,whowasjammedbetweenthetoiletandthetub.Starrwasscared.‘I’mthinking:I’mjustgoingtodiehere,’shesays.（‘我根本动不了，’斯塔尔说，她被挤在马桶和浴缸之间。斯塔尔很害怕。‘我在想：我要死在这里了，’她说）”可知，斯塔尔当时很害怕。故选A项。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“UnlessyouwereMilo,whoapparentlyheardStarrthemomentSwiftopenedherownfrontdoor.（除非你是麦洛，在斯威夫特打开自家大门的那一刻，他显然听到了斯塔尔的声音）”可以推论出，是麦洛的敏锐的听觉救了斯塔尔。故选B项。【11题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段的句子“Twoyearsago,hermotherdied.ShesaysMilohashelpedherwithhergrief.‘Thatdogisablessing,’shesays.（两年前，她的母亲去世了。她说米洛帮助她度过了悲伤。‘那只狗真是个福气，’她说）”可知，对斯威夫特来说，麦洛是个福气。故选D项。DOverthepastfewyears,China’saerospaceindustryhaswitnessedmanylandmarkevents.Apartfromcelebratingthesescientificachievements,thepublichasalsodevelopedagrowinginterestinthemissions’uniquenames,ofwhichmanyarederivedfromChina’smythsandlegends.China’sspacecraftarecalledShenzhou.Thisliterallymeans“heavenlyship”inChinese,andisalsoahomonymfortheChinesewords“divineland”,whichisatermusedinliteraryworkstorefertothecountry.China’smoonexplorationprojectanditslunarprobe(月球探测器)arebothnamedafteraChinesegoddessofthemoon,Chang’e.In2013,theChang’e-3lunarprobelandedonthemoonandwascarriedaroundbyalunarrover(月球车)calledYutu.Thetwonamesperfectlymatchthelegendofthemoonfairyandherpet.Inanotherexample,therelaysatellitefortheChang’e-4moonexplorationmissioniscalledQueqiao,or“magpiebridge”.Themagpiebridge,inaChinesefolktale,wasformedbymillionsofmagpies,sothataseparatedcouplecouldmeeteachotherdespitetheMilkyWay.Likewise,theQueqiaorelaysatelliteservesasa“space-bridge”forcommunicationbetweenthemoonandtheearth.Chinesepeople’seagernessfortheuniversedatedbacktoancienttimes,someeventriedtoexplore.Luban,agreatinventorlivingintheEasternZhouDynasty,madeaflyingwoodbird.Otherscreatedmanymythsandlegends,suchas“KuafuChasestheSun”,toexplainphenomenathattheycouldnotexplain.ThesetraditionalstorieshavebecomethesourceofinspirationforChinesescientistsinthenamingofmajorspacemissions.ThefamousspacecraftandroversbuiltbytheUnitedStatesincludetheChallenger,theOpportunityandtheSpirit,whosenamesreflectapositiveandenterprisingspirit.ThisisquiteunlikehowtheChinesenametheirspacecraft,whichreflectstheChinesepeople’ssenseofromanceandaweforspaceaswellastheireffortstopassdowntraditionalcultureandtheirancestors’spiritofscientificdiscovery.Nevertheless,allthesenames,Chineseorforeign,showcasethedreamsofhumankindandourcollectivepursuittodiscoverthesecretsofspace.WhenApollo11preparedtolandonthemoon,thecontrolcenteronearthtoldtheastronautsonboardto“watchforalovelygirlwithabigrabbit”,whichreferstoChang’eandherrabbitYutu.WiththerapidprogressofChina’saerospaceindustry,moreandmoreChinesestoriesembodyingChineseromanticismwillbeshowntotheworld.12.Howisparagraph2developed?A.Bymakingcomparisons.B.Bydescribingprocesses.C.Bygivingexamples.D.Byanalyzingcauses.13.Whytherelaysatellitewasnamed“Queqiao”?A.Becausethisnamecandrawpublicattention.B.BecausethisnamecomesfromaChinesefolktale.C.BecausethisnamereflectsChineseromanticism.D.Becausethisnameindicatesthefunctionoftherelaysatellite.14.Whatcanweinferfromthelastthreeparagraphs?A.TheancientChineseexploredthespacetocreatemythsandlegends.B.Somespacesmissions’namesareoriginatedfromtraditionalstories.C.ChinaandtheUSnametheirspacecraftdifferentlybecauseofdifferentpursuits.D.China’saerospaceindustryhaschangedtheworld.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.SpaceMissions’Names.B.HowtonameSpaceMissions?C.SpaceMissions’NamesEmbodyChineseRomanticism.D.ChineseMythsandLegends.〖答案〗12.C13.D14.B15.C〖解析〗【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国航空航天业见证了许多具有里程碑意义的事件，这些任务独特的名字很多事来自于中国的神话与浪漫传说。【12题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Inanotherexample,therelaysatellitefortheChang’e-4moonexplorationmissioniscalledQueqiao,or“magpiebridge”.Themagpiebridge,inaChinesefolktale,wasformedbymillionsofmagpies,sothataseparatedcouplecouldmeeteachotherdespitetheMilkyWay.(在另一个例子中，嫦娥四号月球探测任务的中继卫星被称为“鹊桥”。在中国民间传说中，鹊桥是由数百万只喜鹊组成的，这样，分开的情侣就可以在银河系外重逢了。)”可知，该段列举了多个与中国神话相关的航空航天任务的名称，所以本段是用举例子的方式展开的。故选C项。【13题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Themagpiebridge,inaChinesefolktale,wasformedbymillionsofmagpies,sothataseparatedcouplecouldmeeteachotherdespitetheMilkyWay.Likewise,theQueqiaorelaysatelliteservesasa“space-bridge”forcommunicationbetweenthemoonandtheearth.(在中国民间传说中，鹊桥是由数百万只喜鹊组成的，这样，分开的情侣就可以在银河系外重逢了。同样，鹊桥中继卫星充当了月球和地球之间通信的“太空桥梁”。)”可知，“鹊桥”可以使一对分离的夫妻在银河相聚，而“鹊桥”中继卫星的充当的是月球和地球通信的“太空桥梁”，由此可知，二者的功能相似，所以中继卫星命名为“鹊桥”是因为这个名词暗示了中继卫星的功能。故选D项。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中的“ThesetraditionalstorieshavebecomethesourceofinspirationforChinesescientistsinthenamingofmajorspacemissions.(这些传统故事已经成为中国科学家命名重大太空任务的灵感来源。)”和倒数第二段中的“ThisisquiteunlikehowtheChinesenametheirspacecraft,whichreflectstheChinesepeople’ssenseofromanceandaweforspaceaswellastheireffortstopassdowntraditionalcultureandtheirancestors’spiritofscientificdiscovery.(这与中国人如何命名他们的航天器完全不同，这反映了中国人对太空的浪漫和敬畏感，以及他们传承传统文化和祖先科学发现精神的努力。)”以及最后一段中的“WiththerapidprogressofChina’saerospaceindustry,moreandmoreChinesestoriesembodyingChineseromanticismwillbeshowntotheworld.(随着中国航天事业的飞速发展，将有越来越多体现中国浪漫主义的中国故事向世界展示。)”可知，在后三段中都提到了中国航空航天也任务的名字与中国的神话和浪漫的中国故事相关，由此后三段可推断出一些太空任务的名称来源于传统故事。故选B项。【15题详析】主旨大意题。根据首段中的“Apartfromcelebratingthesescientificachievements,thepublichasalsodevelopedagrowinginterestinthemissions’uniquenames,ofwhichmanyarederivedfromChina’smythsandlegends.(除了庆祝这些科学成就，公众也对这些任务的独特名字产生了越来越大的兴趣，其中许多名字来自中国的神话和传说。)”以及尾段中的“WiththerapidprogressofChina’saerospaceindustry,moreandmoreChinesestoriesembodyingChineseromanticismwillbeshowntotheworld.(随着中国航天事业的飞速发展，将有越来越多体现中国浪漫主义的中国故事向世界展示。)”以及全文中列举的中国航天任务的名称可知，本文主要讲述的是中国航天任务名字与中国的神话传说以及浪漫的故事有关，所以本文的题目为“太空任务的名称体现了中国的浪漫主义”体现了文章讲述的主题，概括了全文的内容，符合题目的要求。故选C项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。其中有两项为多余选项。ThetraditionalChinesesolarcalendardividestheyearinto24solarterms.StartofWinter,(立冬),the19thsolartermoftheyear,meanswinteriscomingandcropsharvestedinautumnshouldbestoredup.____16____EatingdumplingsAlegendhasitthatattheendoftheEasternHanDynasty,“MedicalSaint”ZhangZhongjingsavedmanypeopleinHenanprovincearoundStartofWinter.Hecookedmutton,hotpeppersandherbstodriveawaythecoldandincreasebodyheat.Hewrappedtheseingredientsintoadoughskinandmadethemintoanearshape,whichbecameknownas“dumpling”.____17____“Nourishingthewinter”(补冬)OnthefirstdayofStartofWinter,thereisacustom,“nourishingthewinter”,inSoutheastChina.____18____,peoplethereliketoeathigh-caloriefoodsuchaschicken,beef,mutton,andfish,whichareusuallystewed(炖)withChinesemedicinestostrengthentheeffectivenessofthenourishment.EatingChinesepumpkinsInTianjin,onthefirstdayofStartofWinter,peopleeatdumplingsstuffedwithChinesepumpkins(wogua).____19____.Generally,thepumpkinsareboughtinthesummerandstoreduntiltheStartofWinter.EatingtuanziOnthefirstdayofStartofWinter,somepeopleofSouthernChinahaveacustomofeatingtuanzi,akindoftraditionalChinesefoodmadewithrice.____20____Andthetuanzimadebythenewly-harvestedcropstastesdelicious.A.TopreparefortheoncomingcoldwinterB.Atthistime,theautumngraincropshavejustbeensoldonthemarketC.TocelebrateStartofWinterD.MostruralresidentsmaketuanzibythemselvesE.HerearethingsyoushouldknowaboutStartofWinterF.ItisacommonvegetableinNorthChinaG.Sincethen,peoplehavelearnedtomakethefood,andthecustomwaspassedontotoday〖答案〗16.E17.G18.A19.F20.B〖解析〗【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是中国24节气之一——立冬的相关风俗。【16题详析】分析语篇结构可知，此空处应为引出下文，根据空前的“StartofWinter,(立冬),the19thsolartermoftheyear,meanswinteriscomingandcropsharvestedinautumnshouldbestoredup.(立冬是一年中的第19个节气，意味着冬天来了，秋天收获的庄稼应该储存起来。)”可知，本文讲述的与立冬相关，下文中介绍了四个与立冬相关的风俗，E选项“HerearethingsyoushouldknowaboutStartofWinter(以下是关于立冬你应该知道的事情)”引出了下文中与立冬相关的风俗，符合题意。故选E项。【17题详析】根据主题句“Eatingdumplings”可知，该部分讲述的与立冬吃饺子的风俗相关，根据空前“Hewrappedtheseingredientsintoadoughskinandmadethemintoanearshape,whichbecameknownas“dumpling”.(他把这些食材包在面皮里，做成了耳朵的形状，这就是后来的“饺子”。)”可知，此处讲述了饺子的由来，G选项“Sincethen,peoplehavelearnedtomakethefood,andthecustomwaspassedontotoday(他把这些食材包在面皮里，做成了耳朵的形状，这就是后来的“饺子”。)”对立冬吃饺子的由来进行总结，其中的thefood指的是空前的“dumpling”。故选G项。【18题详析】分析句子结构可知，此处只能是非谓语动词短语或者是带有连词的句子，根据主题““Nourishingthewinter”(补冬)”可知，本段讲述的是立冬“进补”相关，A选项“Topreparefortheoncomingcoldwinter(为即将到来的寒冷冬天做准备)”讲述的内容是为入冬做准备，与主题“进补”相关，且句式结构符合句子构成。故选A项。【19题详析】根据空前的“InTianjin,onthefirstdayofStartofWinter,peopleeatdumplingsstuffedwithChinesepumpkins(wogua).(在天津，在立冬的第一天，人们吃倭瓜馅的饺子。)”可知，此处指的是立冬时吃倭瓜馅的饺子，根据空后“Generally,thepumpkinsareboughtinthesummerandstoreduntiltheStartofWinter.(一般来说，倭瓜在夏天购买并储存到冬天开始。)”可知，倭瓜在夏季购买储存到立冬，可推断，此空处是在讲述倭瓜这种蔬菜的情况，F选项“ItisacommonvegetableinNorthChina(倭瓜是华北地区常见的蔬菜)”是对“倭瓜”的介绍，内容与上下文吻合。故选F项。【20题详析】根据空后的“Andthetuanzimadebythenewly-harvestedcropstastesdelicious.(新收获的庄稼做的团子味道鲜美。)”可知，这种新收获的农作物应指的是空处的内容，B选项“Atthistime,theautumngraincropshavejustbeensoldonthemarket(此时，秋粮作物刚刚在市场上出售)”可知，秋季作物刚刚在市场上出售，与空后的“newly-harvestedcrops”指代一致，内容吻合。故选B项。第三部分语言运用(共三节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Ihadthreeitemsinacheckoutline.Awomanandtwoteenageboys____21____mehadmaybeahalf-dozen.Thecustomerattheregister,awhite-hairedwoman,hadalreadybegunto____22____hergoodsandwasholdingoutcashtopayforthem.Thencametheproblem.Sometimesit’ssomeonewhoforgotto____23____apieceoffruit,orsomeonesearchingfor____24____.Fairenough.Onewaited.Buttoday,itwas____25____else.Somehow,thiswomandidn’thaveenoughmoney.Soshebeganthe____26____ofchoosingwhichitemstokeepandwhichto____27____tothecashierforre-shelving.Shepausedovereachone____28____keepingorgivingitup.Wewaited.Therewasahugelinegradually.Theprocesswentonandon.Finally,intheblack,thewomanturnedbacktousassheleft,____29____andapologetic.We____30____herembarrassment.Itcouldhappentoanyone.Wewere____31____sympathetic.ButIhadnoideajusthowsympatheticthemotherandherchildrenaheadofmewereuntiltheirturncame.Sheaskedthe____32____toaddalltheleft-behind____33____toherbillasquicklyaspossible.Thenthetwoboysranoutthroughtheexitwiththesmallbagofgroceriestosendittotheoldwoman.Whentheyreturned,itwasclearthattheyhaddonetheirjobperfectly.“Thatwasverynice!Whata(an)____34____toastranger!”Ioffered.Allittookto____35____thisflashofkindnesswaswaitingalittlelongerinacheckoutline.21.A.beside B.behind C.aheadof D.across22.A.decorate B.bag C.save D.settle23.A.gather B.harvest C.weigh D.bite24.A.chance B.place C.time D.change25.A.something B.nothing C.anything D.everything26.A.progress B.process C.range D.response27.A.comeback B.callback C.holdback D.handback28.A.if B.unless C.although D.before29.A.awkward B.pleased C.worried D.curious30.A.putoff B.setoff C.wavedoff D.cutoff31.A.roughly B.honestly C.cautiously D.accidentally32.A.cashier B.woman C.Passages D.customer33.A.mass B.packages C.belongings D.items34.A.generosity B.invitation C.dream D.information35.A.observe B.witness C.notice D.reserve〖答案〗21.C22.B23.C24.D25.A26.B27.D28.D29.A30.C31.B32.A33.D34.A35.B〖解析〗【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在超市买东西时遇到的帮助别人买单的好人好事。【21题详析】考查介词词义辨析。句意：我前面的一个女人和两个十几岁的男孩大概有六个。A.beside在旁边；B.behind在后面；C.aheadof在……前面；D.across交叉。前文提到“Ihadthreeitemsinacheckoutline.”（我在收银台排队买了三件东西。）和“Thecustomerattheregister,awhite-hairedwoman,hadalreadybeguntohergoodsandwasholdingoutcashtopayforthem.”（收银台前的顾客是一位白发苍苍的妇女，她已经开始结账了，手里拿着现金准备付款。）由此判断，作者前面还有人结账。故选C。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：收银台前的顾客是一位白发苍苍的妇女，她已经开始把自己的商品装进袋子，手里拿着现金准备付款。A.decorate装修；B.bag打包；C.save拯救；D.settle决定。后文提到“washoldingoutcashtopayforthem.”（手里拿着现金准备付款），准备付账了说明准备开始把自己的东西装好了。故选B。【23题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：有时是因为有人忘记称水果的重量，有时是因为有人想要找零。A.gather聚集；B.harvest收获；C.weigh称重；D.bite咬。根据常识可知，在超市购买水果之后要进行称重之后再付款。故选C。【24题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：有时是因为有人忘记称水果的重量，有时是因为有人想要找零。A.chance机会；B.place地点；C.time时间；D.change零钱。前文提到“washoldingoutcashtopayforthem.”（里拿着现金准备付款），由此判断，这间超市还在用现金付款，因此有人付款的时候就需要找零钱给顾客。故选D。【25题详析】考查代词词义辨析。句意：但今天，情况有所不同。A.something某事；B.nothing没什么事；C.anything任何事；D.everything每件事。后文提到“Somehow,thiswomandidn’thaveenoughmoney.”（