2024届福建省三明一中高三最后一模英语试题含解析

2024届福建省三明一中高三最后一模英语试题考生须知：1．全卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，全部在答题纸上作答。选择题必须用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题的答案必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔写在“答题纸”相应位置上。2．请用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔在“答题纸”上先填写姓名和准考证号。3．保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．Thepricesofvegetablesaregoingupmadly.It’sreallytoomuchforus.Butforthesituationwheremanyvegetableproducingareas_____constantlowtemperature,thingswouldnotbelikethis.A．meetwith B．havemetwithC．metwith D．hadmetwith2．Wewantsomeonetodesignthenewartmuseumforme._____theyoungfellowhaveatry?A．Shall B．May C．Will D．Need3．Haveyoueverbeeninasituation______youknowtheotherpersonisrightyetyoucannotagreewithhim?A．where B．which C．that D．as4．—Mum,isthepairofgloves________mine?—Yes.Youhavetowearanotherpair.A．washing B．havewashedC．beingwashed D．havingwashed5．Thenewmovie________tobeoneofthebiggestmoney-makersofalltime.A．pretends B．agrees C．promises D．declines6．Intheearlymorningallofusstoodatthetopofthemountain___________eastofthecity,watching__________burningsunrising.A．/;a B．the;aC．the;the D．/;the7．Theoldwomanwho________inthedesertedhousealonefortenyearshasbeensettledinanursinghomenow.A．lived B．haslivedC．hadlived D．hasbeenliving8．It’sraininghardandwecan’tgopicnickingtoday.Ifonlytheweather_____fine!A．is B．were C．hadbeen D．wouldbe9．Scientistshaveintroducedanewmodelof3Dprinter,______differsfromtheexistingonesincertainaspects.A．as B．which C．who D．that10．Whentheoldmanwokeup,hefoundsomeonehisTVinthelivingroom.A．stole B．steal C．stealing D．stolen11．Byservingothers,apersonfocusesonsomeoneotherthanhimselforherself,________canbeveryeye-openingandrewarding.A．who B．whichC．what D．that12．Thesilenceofthelibraryissometimesbrokenbyasuddencoughorthesoundofpages________________.A．turning B．turnedC．beingturned D．havingturned13．TheBrownsheld_______theycalled“familyday”onceeachyear.A．that B．what C．which D．when14．Thereasonwhyheadaptedtothenewsituationsquicklyisthathehada________attitude.A．changeableB．stableC．movableD．flexible15．Theirflight______duetobadweather.Theywouldliketoknowwhentheflightwilltakeoff.A．hadbeendelayedB．wasdelayedC．hasbeendelayedD．willbedelayed16．TheJapanesepeoplekeepupcheerfulspirits________theworldthattheycangetoverthecrisiscausedbytheterribletsunami（海啸）.A．beingconvinced B．convinced C．toconvince D．havingconvinced17．Dadisusedtosmokinganddrinking.There’snochance_____I’mabletotalkhiminto.A．whether;givingitupB．ofwhether;givingthemupC．that;gettingridofthemD．which;stoppingit18．IamatalosswhyMikeisalways________everytimeImeethim.Believeitornot,weusedtobebestfriends.A．givingmethecoldshoulderB．makingmydayC．followingsuitD．beatingaroundthebush19．Ifweusethenewrecyclingmethod,alargenumberoftrees.A．aresaved B．willsave C．willbesaved D．havesaved20．I______haveworriedbeforeIcametothenewschool,formyclassmateshereareveryfriendlytome.A．mightn’t B．mustn’tC．needn’t D．couldn’t第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21．（6分）Haveyoueverheardsomeonesay“Youtotallylooklikeyou’reaJessica”orsomethingsimilar?Peopleseemtothinkthattheyknowwhatkindofpersona“Jessica”ora“Michael”lookslike.Whyisthis?AccordingtoastudypublishedintheJournalofPersonalityandSocialPsychology,humanstendtoassociatepeople’snameswiththeirappearances,andcanevenguesssomeone’snamebasedonhowtheylook.ResearchersattheHebrewUniversityofJerusalem,Israel,collectedthousandsofphotosofpeople’sfaces.Theylabeled(贴标签于)eachphotowithfournames.Then,theyaskedvolunteerstoguesswhichofthefournameswascorrect.Thevolunteerswereabletoguesstherightname38%ofthetime.Itseemsthatcertaincharacteristicsoffacesgivethemcluesaboutsomeone’sname,Reader’sDigestreported.However,thisonlyworkedwhenthevolunteerslookedatnamesfromtheirownculture.Inaddition,thevolunteerswerenotasgoodatguessingtherealnamesofpeoplewhousednicknames(昵称)moreoftenthantheirrealnames.Thismayshowthataperson’sappearanceisaffectedbytheirnameonlyiftheyuseitoften.“Thiskindofface-namematchinghappensbecauseofaprocessofself-fulfillingprophecy(预言),aswebecomewhatotherpeopleexpectustobecome,”RuthMayofromtileuniversitytoldsciencenewswebsiteEurekAlert.Earlierstudieshaveshownthatgender(性别)andracestereotypes(刻板印象)canaffectaperson’sappearance.Theresearchersbelievetherearealsosimilarstereotypesaboutnames.Forexample,peopletendtothinkthatmennamedBobshouldhaverounderfacesbecausetheworditselflooksround.PeoplemaythinkthatwomennamedRosearebeautiful.Theyexpectthemtobe“delicate”and“female”,justliketheflowertheyarenamedfor.1、Howisthisarticledeveloped?A．Bygivingexamples. B．Byaskingquestions.C．Bydoinganexperiment. D．Bycomparingdifferentcases.2、Whatcanbeinferredfromthestudy?A．Volunteersfounditmucheasiertoguessnicknames.B．Nameshavedifferentassociationsindifferentcultures.C．Volunteerscouldguessthecharacteristicsoftheinterviewees.D．Thepeopleinthephotosandvolunteerswerefromthesameculture.3、WhydosomepeoplelookliketheirnamesaccordingtoRuthMayo?A．Theywanttopleaseeveryonearoundthem.B．Theydon’twanttobedifferentfromothers.C．Theytendtobecomewhatothersexpectthemtobecome.D．Theyliketocopyfamouspeoplewhosharethesamename.4、Whatmaybethebesttitleforthispassage?A．Whatdeterminesournames B．WhywelooklikeournamesC．Howwegetridofourstereotypes D．Howstereotypesaffectpeople’slooks22．（8分）ThestudyledbyMyrskyla,directoroftheMaxPlanckInstituteinGermanywasthefirsttoanalyzetheaccumulativeeffectofseveralkeyhealthbehaviorsondisability-freeandtotallifeexpectancy.Previousstudieshavelookedatsinglehealthbehaviors.Myrskylaandcolleaguesinsteadexaminedseveralbehaviorssimultaneously（同时）,whichallowedthemtodeterminehowlongandhealthythelivesofpeoplewhohadavoidedmostofthewell-knownindividualbehavioralriskfactorswere.Theresearchersnotedthateachofthethreeunhealthybehaviors—obesity,smoking,andunhealthyconsumptionofalcohol—waslinkedtoareductioninlifeexpectancyandtoanearlieroccurrenceofdisabilities.However,smokingwasfoundtobeassociatedwithanearlydeathbutnotwithanincreaseinthenumberofyearswithdisability,whileobesityledtoalongperiodoftimewithdisability.Excessivealcoholconsumptionwasfoundtocausebothdecreasedlifespan（寿命）andareducednumberofhealthyyears.However,theabsenceofalloftheseriskyhealthybehaviorswasfoundtobeassociatedwiththegreatestnumberofhealthyyears.Themoststrikingfindingwasthediscoveryofalargedifferenceinaveragelifespanbetweenthegroupswhowerethemostandtheleastatrisk.Menwhowerenotoverweight,hadneversmoked,anddrankproperlywerefoundtoliveanaverageof11yearslongerthanmenwhowereoverweight,hadsmoked,anddrankexcessively.Forwomen,thegapbetweenthesetwogroupswasfoundtobeevengreater,at12years.“Ourresultsshowhowimportantitistofocusonprevention.Thosewhoavoidriskyhealthbehaviorsareachievingverylongandhealthylives,”saidMyrskyla.It'snotwithoutreasonthatwearetoldrepeatedlytoswitchtoahealthylifestyle,whichcanpreventyoufromvariousillnessesaswellaskeepyouyoungandactive."Improvementsinmedicaltechnologyareoftenthoughttobethegatekeepertohealthier,longerlife.Butweshowedthatahealthylifestyle,isenoughtoenableindividualstoenjoyaverylongandhealthylife,"saidMyrskyla."Ahealthylifestyleisenoughtogetthebenefits.Avoidingthosebehaviorsisnotanunrealisticgoal."1、Myrskyla'sstudyisdifferentfrompreviousonesinthat.A．itconcentratesonhowindividualbehaviorsaffectourhealthB．itisconductedbyateamofprofessionalresearchersC．itanalyzesthecombinedeffectsofsomeunhealthybehaviorsD．itassessestheriskofunhealthybehaviorsondecreasedlifespan2、Itcanbelearnedfromparagraphs2-3that.A．obesityiscloselyconnectedwithanearlydeathB．smokingleadstoalongperiodoftimewithdisabilityC．overdrinkingcontributestothereductioninlifespanD．nostrikingdifferencesexistbetweenthetwogroupsofwomen3、Whatmaybethebesttitleforthetext?A．HealthImprovement:AdoptionofaBalancedDietB．HealthCare:NotaPrivilegebutaRightC．AbsenceofSmoking:SimplestWaytoKeepHealthyD．LifestyleChanges:ExtraYearsinGoodHealth23．（8分）Fearfulparentsaresayingnottosleep-overs（在别人家里过夜）,banningchildrenasoldas15fromusingpublictransportontheirownandwatchingovertheirkidslikehawks（鹰）atthelocalpark,accordingtoanewBritishstudy.Thesurveyof6,099peoplecommissionedbyLV,acharitythateducateschildrenaboutsafety,showedthatnearlyaquarterofchildrenaged15orunderwerenotallowedtosleepatafriend'shouse,60percentwereforbiddentotravelonpublictransportaloneand43percentcouldn'tgototheparkwithoutaparentorguardian（监护人）.Itsaidmorethan60percentofmumsanddadsthinktheworldismoredangerousthanwhentheywerekids."It'sdifficultforparentstoknowwhenistherighttimetostepbackandallowchildrentoexperiencethingsontheirown,"saidonepersoninthesurvey.Incontrast,justfourpercentoftoday'sadultssaidtheywerebannedfromsleeping-overwhentheywere15oryounger,onlytwopercentwereforbiddentousepublictransport,andthesamenumbercouldn'tgooutontheirowninfamiliarsurroundings,suchastheirlocaltownorpark.“Strangerdanger”isthenumberoneworryforoverhalfofallparents(54percent),followedbybullying（欺侮）(47),mugging(46)androaddanger(34).Onaverage,childrentodaycanlookforwardtowalkingtoschoolontheirownbytheageof11,usepublictransportontheirownat12,andbabysittheirbrotherorsisterbythetimethey're14.Incontrast,parentssaytheywereallowedtowalktoschoolunaccompaniedattheageofnine,usepublictransportalonebythetimetheywere11,andbabysitabrotherorsisterbythetimeoftheir12thbirthday.Parentsknowtheyarebeingtougherontheirchildrenandoverathirdsaidtheyfeltuneasythattheirkidsdonotgetthesameopportunitiesastheydidtoexperiencefreedomasayoungster.1、Mostparentshavemorecontrolovertheirchildrenbecause_______.A．theylovetheirchildrenmorethantheirparentsdidinthepastB．theyaremoreprotectivethantheirparentswereC．theythinktheworldismoredangerousthanitwasinthepastD．theythinkchildrendon'tneedtoexperiencethingsontheirown2、Accordingtothesurvey,childrennowadays______.A．paymoreattentiontotheirsafetyB．havelessfreedomthantheirparents'generationC．growupinabetterenvironmentD．havenoabilitytoensuretheirownsafety3、Whatwouldbethebesttitleofthepassage?A．Kidswantthesamefreedomastheirparents.B．Whencanchildrenhavetheirfreedom?C．Whyarechildrennotallowedtosleep-over.D．FearfulBritishparentskeepkidscloserthanever.24．（8分）Someonesentmeanemailurgingmetoacquirealotmoreresources,suggestingcoulddosomuchmoregoodifIhadan8or9figurenetincomeof6likeI’vebeendoingforyears.Heclaimedtohaveacquiredagreatdealofwealthhimselfandfoundithighlybeneficialtofuelinghispathwithaheart.AsIconsiderhissuggestion,Ifindmyselfnothavingmuchclarity(清晰的思维)astowhatI'ddowithImillionor10millionmoremoneyflowingthroughmylife.Iputsomuchattentiononcreativity,fulfillment,exploration,relationships,etc.thatIfinditdifficulttointelligentlyimaginehowmorefinancialresourcescouldprovideextrafuelforthat,exceptinsmallwaysorinwaysthataren’tparticularlymeaningfultome.LatelyI'vebeenconsideringwhatitwouldbeliketodeliberatelyreducemyincomeforawhileandseeifIcouldliveonmuchless，justfortheexperience.WhatifIcappedmynetpersonalincomeat$10,000peryear,forinstance?Thatisn’tsuchabigdealtome,though,sinceIalreadywentthroughaperiodoflowincomelikethatduringthe1990s,andIlearnedthatIcouldstilldowhatIloveregardlessofincome.I'veneverworkedinabusinessenvironment-theonlyjobI'veeverhadwasworkingfor$6/hourinavideogamestorewhileIwasincollege.SoI’veneverseenhowlargeroperationsallocateresources.That'sprobablywhyIhaven’tpushedmyselftoacquiremore.AsImentionedinmybook.MoneyandYourPathWithaHeart，mymainfinancialgoalinlifewastomakemoneyirrelevantinmylife.I’mnotinterestedinbuildinganempire.WhatinterestsmeisexploringpersonalgrowthandsharingwhatIlearnalongtheway.InsomewaysIfeelthatacquiringandacquiringandallocatingmoreresourcescouldbecomeabigdistraction.I’malreadydoingwhatIwanttobedoing,sowhyrickdistractingmyselftoacquiremoreresources,especiallywhenIlacktheideaabouthowIshouldtreatsuchresources?Ilikehavingfreedomandflexibility，andIdon'treallyseehowmoreresourceswouldmeaningfullyimprovethat.1、Whydidthemanemailtheauthor?A．Toasktheauthortofuelhispath.B．Tolendsomemoneytotheauthor.C．Tosharehisopinionaboutwealth.D．Tourgetheauthortoearnmoremoney.2、Whichofthefollowingcandescribetheauthor'spersonality?A．Optimisticanddevoted.B．Independentandcooperative.C．Unfortunatebutpositive.D．Wealthybuthardhearted.3、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“capped”inParagraph3probablymean?A．LimitedB．SpentC．IncreasedD．Distributed4、ThefollowingaretrueEXCEPTA________.A．theauthormightbeaprofessionalwriterB．theauthorisgoodatdesigningvideogamesC．theauthorisinterestedinexploringhispersonalgrowthD．theauthormightbeapersonwholikessharinghisknowledge25．（10分）Theterm"healthyobesity"hasgainedvalueoverthepast15years,butscientistshaverecentlyquestioneditsveryexistence."Ournewfindingssuggestthathealthmeasuresmaybenecessaryforallobese（肥胖的）individuals,eventhosepreviouslyconsideredtobemetabolically（代谢的）healthy,"saysstudyfirstauthorMikael,"Sinceobesityisthemajordriverchanginggeneexpressioninfatcells,weshouldcontinuetofocusonpreventingobesity."Obesityhasbeenaglobalproblem,affectingapproximately600millionpeopleworldwideandincreasingtheriskofheartdisease,stroke,cancer,andsoon.Butinthe1970sand80s,expertsbegantoquestiontheextenttowhichobesityincreasestheriskforthesedisorders.Laterstudiesinthelate90sandearly2000sshowedthatsomeobesepeopleshowarelativelyhealthylife.However,therearenoacceptedmeasuresformeasuringmetabolicallyhealthyobesity,andwhetherornotsuchathingexistsisnowupfordiscussion."Ourstudysuggeststhattheideaofmetabolicallyhealthyobesitymaybemoredifficultthanthought,"Mikaelsays,"Theredoesn’tappeartobeaclearlinethatseparatesobesesubjectswithhighorlowinsulin（胰岛素）sensitivity,indicatingthatobesityisthemajordriverexplainingthechangesingeneexpression."Onelimitationofthestudyisthatitexaminedgeneexpressiononlyinwhitefatcells,notothertypes.Moreover,alloftheobesesubjectswerescheduledtoexperienceobesityoperations,sothefindingsmayonlyapplytopeoplewithsevereobesity.Infutureresearch,Mikaelandhisgroupwilltrackthestudypatientsaftersurgerytodeterminewhetherweightlossnormalizesgeneexpressionresponses.Theywillalsolookforspecificgeneslinkedtoimprovedmetabolichealthinthesepeople.Inthemeantime,thestudyhasanimportanttake-homemessage."Obesepeoplemaynotbeasmetabolicallyhealthyaspreviouslybelieved,"Rydensays.1、Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"healthyobesity"mean?A．Itcanbehealthywithobesity.B．Obesityisnecessarytobehealthy.C．Unhealthypeoplehavenoobesity.D．Healthhassomethingtodowithobesity.2、Whatleadstohealthyobesityfailingtoprovetrue?A．Lackofrelatedpatients.B．Lackofgeneticevidence.C．Lackofresearchfunding.D．Lackofneededstandards.3、Whatadvicecanreadersgetfromthepassage?A．Peopleshouldhaveahealthylifestyle.B．Peopleshouldacceptobesityinaway.C．Peopleshouldkeepabalancedweight.D．Peopleshouldavoidobesityoperations.4、Whichcanbestdescribetheauthor'sintentioninwritingthepassage?A．Compare,analyzeandconclude.B．Show,appreciate,andpersuade.C．Introduce,argueandadvertise.D．Present,informandinspire.第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．26．（30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A．B．C和D)中，选出可以填入的空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。Ithappenseveryday，everywhereIgo．Atthesupermarketandthepostoffice，peoplekeeptellingmetoenjoymykidswhiletheyare________Ispendmydaystakingcareofthemandanswering________questionsabouteverythingfromwhywehavetwoeyesbutonenoseto1therearetoiletsintheheaven．They2mefromeatingafullmealorgettingafull3sleep．Yet，theotherday，whenItookmykidstoachildren’smuseum，Ibeganto4whatpeopleweretryingtotellme．Itwasthe5timewehadgonetherewithoutdiaper(纸尿片)bag，babybottleorstroller(小推车)．As1watchedmysonspaintthere，Iwassuddenly6byawaveof7Mybabiesweren’tbabiesanymore．NowI’mpayingmoreattentiontothe________thatwon’thappenwhenmykidsare________I'menjoyingtheminutewhenChristlookeduptheskyandcried8“Wow!Themoon!”Inafew9，itwilltakearareShrekcardorsomethingelsetogethimthatexcited．I’m10themomentwhenNicholasputdownhisforkatdinnerandasked，“Mommy，howareyoudoing?’’Abouttenyearsfromnow，he11notcareaboutme．Whenthey’reinprimaryschool，theywon’twanttoholdmy________anymore．Injuniorhighschool，theywon’thugmeandsay，“Iloveyou，too．”Inhighschool，theywon’tevenwanttobe12togetherwithme．Pre13they’11bothbegone．AndI’11________throughthesupermarketandthepostofficealone，warningyoung14toenjoytheirkidswhiletheyarelittle．Hopethey’11listen．1、A．well B．humorous C．funny D．1ittle2、A．endless B．boring C．strange D．special3、A．how B．whether C．why D．when4、A．make B．turn C．take D．keep5、A．day’s B．time’s C．night’s D．bed’s6、A．realize B．admit C．remind D．admire7、A．very B．real C．first D．best8、A．hit B．thrown C．stuck D．moved9、A．happiness B．sadness C．1uck D．failure10、A．accident B．event C．scene D．moment11、A．younger B．older C．worse D．better12、A．excitedly B．disappointedly C．1ovely D．shyly13、A．days B．weeks C．months D．years14、A．measuring B．pleasing C．treasuring D．surprising15、A．might B．should C．must D．need16、A．hair B．hands C．bag D．basket17、A．seen B．talked C．carried D．treated18、A．quickly B．slowly C．soon D．more19、A．come B．go C．wander D．pass20、A．fathers B．mothers C．people D．1adies第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。27．（15分）Martyisadisabledboy1．suffersfromamuscledisease.Sometimesheistooweak2．(run)orclimbstairsasquicklyasotherpeople.Thedoctorsdon’tknow3．(exact)whatiswrongwithhim.Luckily,Martyhaslearnedtoadapt4．hisdisability.Inordertomakehislifehappyand5．(satisfy),Martykeepsbusydoingthingsthatdonotrequirephysicalstrength.Hehasfriendswith6．hecangotomoviesandfootballmatchesandhehaslotsofpets.Heusedtodreamofonedaybeingafamousfootballplayerand7．(represent)hiscountryintheWorldCup.Evenwhenheismadefunof,hedoesn’tget8．(annoy).Disabled9．heis,Martyhasbecomestrongerandmoreindependent.Heneverfeelssorryforhimselfandheenjoysasrichandfullalifeaseveryoneelse.Hesuggeststhatwenormalpeopleshouldgivethedisabled10．(encourage)ratherthanlaughatthem.第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）28．（10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文，文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Readingisgoodforbabiesindevelopingtheirintelligenceandinterest.MomwouldreadtomeifIwasababy,thatdevelopedmyloveforreading.AsIgrewelderandcouldreadbymyself,myfatheroftentakesmetobook-storesandleftmetherereading.Onmybirthdays,thegiftssendingbymyparentsarealwaysbooks.Itisthemwholetmeknowbenefitsofreading.Personally,Ifeelstrongthatreadingdoesuslotsofgoods.Itcanbroadenourhorizonsandmakeusmoreintelligen