Unit-2-1翻译市公开课一等奖省赛课微课金奖课件

单句练习：Hewrestledwiththecrosswordclueforagesbeforelightfinallydawned.Theworkersandtheemployerslookatdifficultiesinquiteadifferentlight.TheyquicklylightedKeroseneflarestosignaltheSOS.Thisveteranoftwoworldwarstraveledlightthroughlifeandleftlittlebehind.段落练习：ProblemwithEducationalSystemThereare39universitiesandcollegesofferingdegreecoursesinGeography,butIhaveneverseenanygoodjobsforGeographygraduatesadvertised.OramIaloneinsuspectingthattheywillreturntoteachGeographytoanothersetofstudents,whointurnwillteachmoreGeographyundergraduates?OnlytenuniversitiescurrentlyofferdegreecoursesinAeronauticalEngineering,whichperhapsisjustaswell,inviewofthespeedwithwhichtheaircraftindustryhasbeendispensingwithexcesspersonnel.Ontheotherhand,hospitalcasualtydepartmentsthroughoutthecountryarehavingtoclosedownbecauseofthelackofdoctors.Thereason?Universitymedicalschoolcanonlyfindplacesforhalfofthosewhoapply.ItseemstomethattimeisripefortheDepartmentofEmploymentandtheDepartmentofEducationtogettogetherwiththeuniversitiesandproducearevisededucationalsystemthatwillmakeamoreeconomicuseofthewealthoftalent,applicationandindustrycurrentlybeingwastedondiplomasanddegreesthatnoonewantstoknowabout.1/24标准：总体、主观等级划分：A+,A,A-,B+,B,B-,C+,C,C-,D,F符号保留/上交2/24错误类型：了解错误：一词多义、熟词生义、望文生义语法结构、文化背景、逻辑联络表示不妥：用词不妥、语句不顺、欧化严重3/24Hewrestledwiththecrosswordclueforages

beforelightfinallydawned.天亮前，他对着字谜苦思冥想了很久，才豁然开朗。他花了许多时间努力研究填字游戏线索直到渐渐有了眉目。那字谜提醒，他琢磨了很长时间才恍然大悟。Theworkersandtheemployerslookatdifficultiesinquiteadifferentlight.工人和雇主用截然不一样角度对待困难。工人和雇主是用绝对不一样眼光来对待这些难题。工人和雇主对困难看法很不相同。工人和雇主对困难看法不大相同。4/24TheyquicklylightedKeroseneflarestosignaltheSOS.他们快速点燃满是煤油喇叭裤，让火焰发出SOS求救信号。他们很快点燃了煤油闪光装置，向SOS发射求救信号。他们赶快点着煤油灯，发出求救信号。Thisveteranoftwoworldwarstraveledlightthroughlifeandleftlittlebehind.这些身经两次世界大战老兵们一生处处奔走，最终什么也没留下。这位身经两次世界大战老兵一生轻装上阵，几乎没有留下什么。……无牵无挂地度过了余生，流给后人东西廖若星辰。……油尽灯枯了。这位身经两次世界大战老兵过了一辈子简单生活，身后也没留下什么。5/24ProblemwithEducationalSystem教育体系/体制/制度问题短文翻译一定要从总体上把握，透彻了解全文后再下笔。Thereare39universitiesandcollegesofferingdegreecoursesinGeography,butIhaveneverseenanygoodjobsforGeographygraduatesadvertised.当前全国有39所大学开设地理学位课程，但我从没看到过广告上有招聘地理专业大学毕业生好工作。OramIaloneinsuspectingthattheywillreturntoteachGeographytoanothersetofstudents,whointurnwillteachmoreGeographyundergraduates?莫非只有我一个人在猜测，他们将回到学校教另一批学生地理，而这些学生又将接下去教更多学生地理？6/24OnlytenuniversitiescurrentlyofferdegreecoursesinAeronauticalEngineering,whichperhapsisjustaswell,inviewofthespeedwithwhichtheaircraftindustryhasbeendispensingwithexcesspersonnel.现在只有10所大学开设航天工程学位课程，考虑到飞机制造业一直在快速地裁员，这么做没有什么不好。Ontheotherhand,hospitalcasualtydepartmentsthroughoutthecountryhavetoclosedownbecauseofthelackofdoctors.另首先，因为缺乏医生，全国各地医院事故急症部门不得不纷纷关门。Thereason?Universitymedicalschoolcanonlyfindplacesforhalfofthosewhoapply.理由呢？/原因何在？因为大学医学院只能为申请入学二分之一学生提供名额。7/24ItseemstomethattimeisripefortheDepartmentofEmploymentandtheDepartmentofEducationtogettogetherwiththeuniversitiesandproducearevisededucationalsystemthatwillmakeamoreeconomicuseofthewealthof

talent,applicationandindustrycurrentlybeingwastedondiplomasanddegreesthatnoonewantstoknowabout.这个教育系统将会更经济地利用那些现在正在被浪费在没人想知道文凭和学位上才能、勤奋和刻苦财富。这个教育系统将更为经济地充分利用那些现在被浪费在没人想要了解文凭和学位上大量才华、专心以及勤奋时机成熟了。在我看来，时机已经成熟，就业部和教育部应该与各大学携起手来，改革我们教育制度，使之更珍惜地使用学校人才资源，学生刻苦、勤奋精神。而现在这些人才和努力都浪费在无人感兴趣文凭和学位上。8/24归化和异化

domesticationandforeignization美国学者L.

Venuti(1995)德国学者Schleiermacher

(1813)一个是让读者靠近作者，另一个是让作者靠近读者。假如让读者靠近作者语境，他就能感受到异国情调。9/24‘The

translator

can

either

leave

the

writer

in

peace

as

much

as

possible

and

bring

the

reader

to

him,

or

he

can

leave

the

reader

in

peace

as

much

as

possibleand

bringthe

writer

to

him.’‘Bring

the

reader

to

the

original

text’

would

correspond

to

requiring

him

toprocess

the

translation

in

context

of

the

original;

‘[The

translator]

thus

tries

totransport

[the

reader]

to

its

location,

which,

in

all

reality,

is

foreign

to

him.’

(Schleiermacher,

1838:219,

as

translated

inWilss,

1982:33)10/24归化(domesticating

translation)把一个文化中异质成份转化为另一个文化中人们所熟知内容。也就是说，用译语文化来替换源语文化内容。归化译法有利于译语文化读者了解，不过它在某种程度上牺牲了源语文化所附载信息。

严复、林纾、梁启超傅雷‘神似’论、钱钟书‘化境’说奈达（Nida）

11/24异化(foreignizing

translation)

把一个文化及语言中信息以近乎保持其原来面目标方式传递给另一个文化及语言。它赋予译语全新语言成份与新奇别致表示方式，这种译法有利于两种异质文化和语言相互交流和渗透，推进它们相互融合韦努蒂（L.Venuti）鲁迅（1984:301）先生所称“洋气”，“保留原作风姿”刘重德（1998）“欧化”刘英凯（1994）指出归化翻译一些失误孙致礼（）认为21世纪中国文学翻译将由归化走向异化，异化翻译将成为21世纪主流12/24归化例子：(assimilation)Homersometimesnods.智着千虑，必有一失

TakeFrenchleave不辞而别

ItwasanotheroneofthoseCatch-22situations.You’redamnedifyoudoandyou’redamnedifyoudon’t.这真是又一个左右为难尴尬局面，做也倒霉，不做也倒霉。

13/24异化例子Moneyistime.时间就是金钱倾国倾城：HerbeautywassuchastooverthrowcitiesandruinStates.Crocodiletears鳄鱼眼泪Siliconvalley硅谷Hotdog热狗Olive-branch橄榄枝

14/24UnitTwoEquivalencebetweenEnglishandChineseatWordLevel(p.48)Word-for-wordequivalenceOnewordwithmultipleequivalentsofthesamemeaningOnewordwithseveralequivalentsofdifferentmeaningsEquivalentsinterwovenwithoneanotherWordswithoutcorrespondingequivalents15/24MethodofDiscriminatingtheMeaningofaGivenWord1.Accordingtowordformation英语：compounding,e.g.airsick,wholesale,breakthroughaffixation,e.g.disagree,strengthen,triangle,conversione.g.Heistochairthemeeting.以及clipping,abbreviation,backformation汉语：合成附加以及重合、缩略16/243.AccordingtothecontextandcollocationBypartofspeech

e.g.Workerscanfish.Timeflies.InBritainwedriveontheleftsideoftheroad,nottherightside.在英国，车辆靠路左侧行驶而不是靠右恻行驶。Hehopestobeabsolutelyrightaboutessentials.他希望在实际问题上绝对正确无误。Imustanswerthatphone,butI’llberightback.我得去接电话，马上就回来。HeexercisedhislegalrightasPrimeMinistertohalttheinvestigation.他行使了首相法定权力去阻止这场调查。Theshiprighteditselfafterthebigwavehadpassed.大浪过后，船又平稳了。Jacksontriedhisbesttorighthissonfromthechargeofrobbery.杰克逊尽力为他儿子被指控抢劫申冤。17/24

Bycollocationraiseraiseamonument树碑raisevegetables种植蔬菜raisepoultry喂养家禽raiseafamily养家raisefears引发恐惧raiseabarrier撤除障碍raisethedead使死者回生/起死回生raiseafleet集结一支舰队18/24solidsolidgeometry立体几何asolidcitizen可靠公民solidsilver纯银asolidhouse坚固房子twosolidhours足足两个小时asolidbook内容充实书asolidword不带连字符号词asolidvote一致选票19/24BycontextHeisthelastmantocome.他是最以后。Heisthelastmantodoit.他决不会干那事。Heisthelastmantoconsult.根本不宜找他商议。Heisthelastpersonforsuchajob.他最不配干这个工作。Heshouldbethelasttoblame.怎么也不该怪他。ThisisthelastplacewhereIexpectedtomeetyou.我怎么也没料到会在这个地方见到你。

20/24LondonTransportCompanyrunsextratrainsduringtherush-hour.伦敦运输企业在交通高峰时间开加班列车。ElectioncampaignsinBritainrunforthreeweeks.英国选举活动连续三周。Theleaseonmyhousehasonlyayeartorun.我那房子租期只有一年了。(连续)Thedyesinthisfabricareguaranteednottoruninwashing.这种织物所用染料确保不会在洗涤时渗化/褪色。Theforewordofthebookrunsforsixpages.这本书序言长达6页。Urbanunemploymentisrunningat15percent.当前，城市失业率保持在15%。Thepartyisrunningtwocandidatesinthenextelection.该党将在下界选举中提出两名候选人。21/24辨析词义1.分轻重Thoughhefelthisangermounting,hekeptperfectcontrolofhimself.他尽管越来越生气，但还是很好地控制住自己。Heflewintoaragewhenhelearnedthathissonhadagainfailedintheexamination.他得知儿子又一次考试不及格时，大发雷霆。Madwithfury,hepoundedhisfistsonthewallandbeathisbreast.他气得发疯，用拳头又砸墙又捶胸。Reportsofchildabusearousedpublicindignation.一些关于虐待儿童报道引发了公愤。22/242.论褒贬Howwastheperfectcrimefoundout?Wheredidyougetthatperfectgemstone?那个不露蛛丝马迹罪行是怎样查明？你是从什么地方弄到那颗完美无暇宝石？Anaggressiveyoungmancangofarinthisfirm.Aggressivenatio