高考英语总复习-第一部分-教材梳理-Unit-3-Inventors-and-inventions-

Unit3Inventorsandinventions1/48关键单词distinguishdistinctiondistinguished

1．____________vi.&vt.显示……差异；使……有所不同；区分→____________n．特点；特征→______________adj.著名；卓越mercifulmercymerciless

2．___________adj.宽大；仁慈；慈悲→_________n．宽大；仁慈→___________adj.无情；残忍 3．_________n．产品→__________v．生产→__________n．产量productproduceproduction2/484．________adj.突然；意外→________adv.突然地；唐突地abruptabruptlyconvenientconvenience

5．__________adj.便利；方便；就近→___________n．方便；便利→___________adv.便利地；方便地→_________n．不方便→______________adj.不方便；不便利 6．________n．小心；慎重→________adj.小心；慎重→________adv.小心地；慎重地cautioncautious

7．___________n．预料；期待；期望→________v．预料；期待；期望→________adj.预料中；意料之中→__________adj.意料之外cautiouslyconvenientlyinconvenienceinconvenientexpectationexpectexpectedunexpected3/488．________adj.被动；消极；被动语态9．________adj.愉快；高兴→________adv.高兴地；愉快地passivemerrymerrilyseize10．________vt.抓住；捉住；夺recognition11．___________n．认出；认可；认可→_____________v．认出；认可；认可recognizecriterion12．________n．(pl.criteria)(评判)标准；尺度13．________adj.有效；确凿valid14．________adj.冰冻；严寒→________v．冰冻freezingfreeze4/4815．_______________n．判定；识别；确定；身份证实→__________v．判定；识别；确定identificationidentify16．__________adj.清白；无罪；天真→__________n．天真；清白innocentinnocencebear17．________vt.(bore,borne)忍受；忍耐；负担18．__________adv.偶然地；不时地→____________adj.occasionally偶然→___________n．时机；机会；场所 19．________adj.稳固；稳定；安定occasionaloccasionstable5/4820．__________vt.联想；联络n．同伴；搭档→__________n．联想；联络associateassociation

21．__________adj.实际；实践；实用→___________v．练习，实践→____________adj.不实际；不现实 22．___________n．能力；胜任；本事→____________adj.能胜任；有能力；称职practicalpracticeimpracticalcompetencecompetent6/48常考短语callnowthen1．________up给……打电话2．________and________偶然；有时3．________about开始；着手setdive4.________into快速把手伸入；一心投入set5．________out(todo)开始(做)6.________on不挂断；稍等；紧紧握住hang7/487．________of________次序颠倒；发生故障8．________through设法联络上(尤指打通电话)；(设法)做完；经过outordergetringoff9．________back回复电话10.ring________挂断电话8/48经典佳句ThefirstthingIdid

1．________________________________________wastoseeiftherewereanyproductsthatmighthelpme,butthereonlyseemedtobepowdersdesignedtokillsnakes.我所做第一件事就是看看有没有现成任何产品能帮助我。不过，看来只有毒杀蛇药粉。canyousay

2．Onlyafteryouhavehadthatrecognition________________________thatyouaretrulyaninventor.只有在你取得了那种认证后，你才能说是一个真正创造家。9/48itisdifficulttoget

3．Thecriteriaaresostrictthat________________________________________newideasacceptedunlesstheyaretrulynovel.(评定)专利标准是很严格，除非新想法真是新奇，不然极难被接收。10/48课文回顾onnowmyselfworking

WhenIcalledupmymotherinthecountryside1.________thetelephoneshewasupset.Thereweresomesnakesinthecourtyardwhichcamenearthehouse2．________andthen.Ithinkherewasachanceformetodistinguish3.________(me)byinventingsomethingtocatchthesnakes,soIsetabout4.________(work)onsomeapproaches.FinallyIcameupwithaneasyand5._________(conveniently)way:Iputabowlwithsomeice-cubesconvenient11/48tomaketocollectintoinitoverthesnakes'habitat6._________(make)themsleepy,thenIusedasmallnet7.__________(collect)thepassivesnakesandthenextdayImerrilyreleasedthemallback8.__________thewild.IwassatisfiedwithmyinventionthatIdecidedtoseizetheopportunitytoapplyforapatent.SoIsentmy9._________(invent)tothepatentofficetogetrecognition.AndonlyafterIhavehadtherecognitioncanIsaythatIam10.________(true)aninventor.inventiontruly12/48

单句语法填空 1．(年江苏卷·阅读了解C)Datacanbeturnedintonewservicesor__________(product)． 2．Itissocoldand__________(freeze)thatwehavetostayathome.productsfreezingconvenient3．I'dliketoplacethingswhereitis__________(convenience)togetthem.that4．Socarelesswashe__________hemadeaseriousmistake.13/485．Yourlettercalls________thedayswhenweworkedtogetheronthefarmsfifteenyearsago.up6．Havingmadeuphismind,hesetabout__________(carry)outtheplan.carryingwithoccasionally

7．(年北京卷·阅读了解D)Amachinewithaspecificpurposehasanotherquality,onethatweusuallyassociate________livingthings:awishtopreserveitsownexistence. 8．Heisalwayssobusywithhisworkthathehasnochoicebuttogotoseehisparents_____________(occasion)．14/48expectationpractical

9．Pleasegivehimlotsofloveinsteadofhigh___________(expect);otherwisehewillbeloadedwithgreatpressure. 10．Yoursuggestionsoundsreasonableand____________(practice)．Ithinkitdeservestobediscussedatthenextmeeting.15/481．distinguishvi.&vt.显示……差异；使……有所不一样；区分distinguishoneself使自己知名；使自己与众不一样distinguish...from...把……和……区分开来；区分distinguishapart分辨出；区分开distinguishedadj.著名；卓越16/48

【写作佳句】

Hello，mydistinguishedjudges，Iamgladtostandheretomakeaspeech.尊敬评委老师，你们好，很高兴我能站在这里给大家演讲。herselffromdistinguished利用单句语法填空

(1)Shedistinguished_________asablacklawyer. (2)Somepeoplefinditdifficulttodistinguishright_________wrong. (3)Tobehonest,Iadmireyour_____________(distinguish)achievements.17/482．seizevt.抓住；捉住；夺seizeholdofsth.抓住某物seizeachance/anopportunity抓住时机seizeon/uponsth.突然对……大为关注；抓住；利用【一词多义】(1)HewasseizingherbythearmwhenIsawhim.抓住(2)Ifhehadn'tseizedthechanceofescapingfromtheburningbuilding,hemighthavelosthislife.把握机会(3)Theyseizedtheairportinasurprisingattack.夺取；攻占(4)Alargequantityofdrugswasseizedlastweekend.逮捕；扣押18/48toseizeon/uponof

利用单句语法填空

(1)They____________(seize)whentheytriedtorun. (2)Hisfatheraskedhim____________(seize)thechancetomakesomemoney. (3)Thecriticsseized____________mymistakeandsaidIwasignorant. (4)Ashesawabutterflyflypast,heseizedhold________it.wereseized19/483．expectationn．预料；期待；期望beyondsb.'sexpectation超出某人预期haveexpectationsof(对……)抱有期望expect(sb.)todo期望(某人)做……expectsth.from/ofsb.期望从……得到……expectedadj.预料；预期asexpected正如所期望那样unexpectedadj.未预料到；意料之外unexpectedlyadv.出乎意料地【写作佳句】Whatthelittlekidsaidisbeyondourexpectation.那个小孩话出乎我们意料。20/48利用单句语法填空expectationtofind

(1)Contraryto______________(expect),hedidn'twininthecontest. (2)AtthattimeIhadfullyexpected__________(find)ajobbeforelong.tobeof/from

(3)Weexpectedthem__________(be)moresimilartooneanother. (4)Areyouclearwhatisexpected__________you? (5)_____________(expect),hesoldmeafalsepainting.

Unexpectedly21/484．bearvt.(bore,borne)忍受；忍耐；负担；生产n．熊

can'tbearsb.doing/todosth.不能忍受某人做某事 bear...inmind记住(某事) bear/keepinmindthat...记住…… bearwith宽容；耐心等候

【名师指津】

(1)bear表示“容忍，忍耐”时，多与can/could连用，且多用于否定句和疑问句中。 (2)bear过去分词形式，作“生育，生产”讲时用borne；作“出生”或“出身”讲时用born。22/48利用单句语法填空(1)Icouldn'tbear_________________(listen)anylonger,soIlefttheroom.tolisten/listeningBearing(2)___________(bear)aheavyburden,shehastoworkhardtobringupherchildren.beinglaughedwhat

(3)Hecan'tbear___________________(laugh)atbyhisclassmates. (4)Youmustbear__________theteachersaidinmind.23/481．callup给……打电话；使人想起callback回电话(＝ringback)；收回(意见等)；撤消(申明；诺言等)callon/at造访(on后跟人，at后跟地点名词)callfor要求；提倡；为……叫喊；来访callin召集；召来；下令或请求收回某物calloff取消24/48【联想发散】与电话相关动词词组：ringup给……打电话ring/callback回复电话ringoff挂断电话givesb.aring/call给某人打电话hang/holdon不挂断电话利用用适当介词或副词填空up

(1)Thesayingconcerningfriendshipcalls________oneunforgettablethingthatIwentthroughlastyear.25/48(2)AsfarasIknow，theflighthasbeencalled________becauseofthebadweather.offon

(3)I'llcall________himtomorrow.Doyouwanttovisithimwithme? (4)You'dbettercall________yourstatement. (5)Carswithseriousfaultshavebeencalled________bythemanufacturers.backinfor

(6)Awell-writtencompositioncalls________agoodchoiceofwordsandclearorganizationamongotherthings.26/482．nowandthen偶然；有时nowthat因为；既然rightnow此刻，现在；立刻，马上bynow到当前为止fromnowon从现在开始【写作佳句】Nowandthen，hewouldvisittheoldfriend.时不时地，他会去探望一下这位老朋友。27/48利用用now相关短语填空

(1)Hepaysavisittohisparentsinthecountry___________________. (2)Pleasetrytobemorecareful__________________.nowandthenfromnowon28/483．setout(todo)开始(做)setabout(doingsth.)开始(着手)做某事setoff出发；引发；动身；引爆setaside留出；拨出；不予考虑setdown记下；写下【写作佳句】It'stimethatwesetouttodoourownbusiness.该我们开始做正事了。29/48利用单句语法填空

(1)Whathesaidset________aheateddiscussion. (2)Shesetsout__________(break)theworldrecord. (3)Thenewgovernmentmustsetabout__________(find)solutionstothecountry'seconomicproblems. (4)Iset__________myovercoatandtookoutmysummerclothes.offtobreakfindingaside30/484．getthrough设法联络上(尤指打通电话)；(设法)做完；经过get(sth.)across(tosb.)(使某事)传输或为人了解getahead(ofsb.)领先(某人)getaway(fromsb./someplace)逃离或摆脱(某人或某地)getawaywithsth.偷携某物潜逃；不因某事受处罚getdowntosth./doingsth.开始做某事；认真处理某事31/48【一词多义】(1)Imanagedtogetthroughthethesisandthefatiguewasworthitintheend.(设法)做完(2)Icouldn'tgetthroughtohimbecausehistelephonewasoutofordernowandthen.打通电话(3)Shefoundwritinghelpedhergetthroughtheroughdays.度过(4)Luckily,hegotthroughtheexamandhiseffortspaidoff.通过(5)Thelittleboygotthroughallhismoneyinjustoneweekandaskedhismomforsomemore.用完32/48利用用适当介词或副词填空

(1)HowcanIgetit__________toyouhowimportantthisis? (2)It'stimeIgotdown__________reflectingonmymistakes. (3)Luckily,hegot__________tohimbecausehisphonehadbeenrepaired.acrosstothrough33/48原句1Snakescomenearthehousenowandthen,andtheyseemtohavemadetheirhomehere...蛇时不时出现在房子附近，它们好像在这里安了家…… seem是连系动词，tohavemade...做表语，表示动作发生在seem之前。 Itseemsasif...看起来似乎…… Itseemsthat...看来；似乎 seemtodo...好像做…… seemtobedoing...好像在做……34/48利用单句语法填空(1)Whathesawseemed_________(have)theformofaman.(2)Hermindseemed__________________(wander)andshedidn'trecognizeus.tohavetobewandering

(3)Frankseemed_____________________(forget)somekeywordsandcouldn'trepeatthetext.

tohaveforgotten35/48原句2Thecriteriaaresostrictthatitisdifficulttogetnewideasacceptedunlesstheyaretrulynovel.(评定)专利标准是很严格，除非新想法真是新奇，不然极难被接收。 so...that...如此……以至于……，引导结果状语从句。

注意：so/such...位于句首时，主句使用倒装语序。利用单句语法填空Sosuchso

(1)________excitedwasIthatIcouldn'twaittotrymyhandatridingthebicycle. (2)Hisplanwas________agoodonethatweallagreedtoacceptit. (3)Thereare________manystudentsinthehallthatIcan'tfindaseat.36/48原句3Followitup，exploreallaroundit，andbeforeyouknowit，youwillhavesomethingworththinkingabouttooccupyyourmind.跟踪下去，不停探索，不知不觉中，你就会发觉某种值得思索东西占据着你头脑。 祈使句＋and＋陈说句＝If...，＋主句 祈使句＋or＋陈说句＝If...not...，＋主句 名词词组＋and＋陈说句 以上结构后面陈说句多用表示未来意义时态结构。37/48利用完成句子，每空一词(1)马上动身，不然你会错过最终一班火车。Startoutrightaway,________________________thelasttrain.oryou'llmiss(2)明天打电话给我，我会让你知道试验结果。________________tomorrowandI'llletyouknowthelabresult.Callme38/48句型转换，每空一词(3)Lendherahand,andshewillbegratefultoyou.(用含有条件句复合句改写)Ifyoulendherahand

______________________________________________，shewillbegratefultoyou. (4)Workhard,andyouwillsucceed.(用现在分词短语做状语改写)Workinghard____________________，youwillsucceed.39/48thentogetmyselfresearching

利用所学语言基础知识，补充完整下面短文，并背诵下来 Mymothercalledmeup,tellingmethatsomesnakescamenearouryardnowand1.__________.SoIdecidedtothinkofaway2._________(get)ridofthemanddistinguish3._________(I)throughthischance.First,Isetabout4._____________(research)thehabitsofsnakesandfoundoutthatsnakesarelessactiveafter40/48beingcooledwithremovedsleepy5.____________(cool)．Intheevening,Iplacedafrozenbowlwithsomejellyinitoverthesnakes'habitat,thencoveredit6._______abucket.Earlynextmorning,I7._________(remove)thebucketandbowlandcollectedthe8.________(sleep)snakeswithafishnet;that's9.__________say,myactionwasintruth10._________(success)．tosuccessful41/48短文改错(五)短文改错之关联词8．关联词

对于连词考查，注意首先判断两个或两个以上单词、短语或单句之间是否有连接词，再依据不一样句式结构，判断连接词是否利用正确。解题时，能够注意以下几个方面： (1)把握前后两句话之间衔接关系，判定是并列句、主语从句、定语从句还是状语从句，依据连接词在句中做何成份，判断正误。42/48(2)注意but转折、and并列、or选择、so结果等逻辑关系词之间是否混用。(3)注意although/though/while不与but连用；since/as/because不与so连用。(4)注意but与and，and与or，or与so，after与before，which与th