语言学Unit3Conversion市公开课一等奖省赛课微课金奖课件

Unit3Conversion

词类转译ByPYSH11/35I.DefinitionAsoneofthecommonlyadoptedtranslationtechniques,conversionmeansthechangeofpartsofspeechintranslation.OwingtothedifferencesinbothsyntacticalstructuresandidiomaticexpressionsbetweenEnglishandChinese,itisusuallyimpossibleforatranslatortokeeptotheoriginalpartofspeechintheprocessoftranslation.Certainpartsofspeech,therefore,intheoriginaloftenhastobeconvertedintoothers.22/35II.ClassificationofconversionConversioncanbedividedinto5types:ConvertingintoVerbsConvertingintonounsConvertingintoadjectivesConvertingintoadverbsConvertingintosentenceelements

33/35ConvertingintoVerbs

英语和汉语比较起来，汉语中动词用得比较多。往往在英语句子中只用一个谓语动词，而在汉语中却能够几个动词或动词性结构连用。44/35Familiesupstairshavetocarrypailstothehydrantdownstairsforwater.

住在楼上人家得提着水桶去楼下水龙头打水。Heisgoingtothemarketforanox,whichwouldhelphimwiththeworkinthefieldssothathecouldearnenoughmoneyforawife.他打算赶集买头牛帮他种地挣够钱娶媳妇。55/351.1Nounsintoverbs

①.Nounsderivedfromaverbapplication;solution;establishment②.Nounsimplyinganactionsight;thought;glance③.Nounswithasuffix-er(-or)swimmer;chain-smoker66/35ExamplesAglancethroughhisofficewindowoffersapanoramic[,pænə’ræmik]全景viewoftheWashingtonMonumentandtheLincolnMemorial.从他办公室窗口能够一眼看到华盛顿纪念碑和林肯纪念馆全景。IamafraidIcan'tteachyouswimming.IthinkmylittlebrotherisabetterteacherthanI.我恐怕不能教你游泳。我以为我弟弟比我教得好。77/35ForWesternersinChina,theestablishmentofaneffectiveteamofmanagersmeansattractingandretainingbothexpatriateandlocalmanagementtalent.对于在中国西方人来说，建立一支有效管理团体意味着既要吸引又要留住来自海外管理人才和本土管理人才。建立人工林establishmentofplantations88/351.2Prepositionsintoverbs"Coming!"Awaysheskimmedoverthelawn,upthepath,upthesteps,acrosstheveranda,andintotheporch.“来啦！”她蹦着跳着地跑了，越过草地，跑上小径，跨上台阶，穿过凉台，进了门廊。99/35ThecountryhasrefusedtoheedthelegitimateappealoftheUnitedNationsforco-operation.该国无视联合国要求合作正当呼吁。Ibarreledstraightahead,

across

theharborandout

over

thesea.我笔直向前高速飞行，越过港口，飞临海面。1010/35Thestreetrunswestward,acrossagreatbridge,downahillandupagain,bylittleshopsandmeat-markets,pastsingle-storiedhomes,untilsuddenlyitstopsagainstawidegreenlawn.这条大街向西而去，跨过一座大桥，延伸下坡后又上坡，经过了几家店铺和肉市，又越过了几幢平房，最终在一片开阔绿草坪前突然到了尽头。Trainingasasalespersonwouldguaranteehersomeemploymentonceherschoolingwasthrough.参加推销员培训就会确保她在学业完成以后能找到工作做。1111/351.3Adjectivesintoverbs

英语中表示知觉、情感、欲望等心理状态形容词，在系动词后用作表语时，往往可转译成动词。如：confident,certain,careful,cautious,angry,sure,ignorant,afraid,doubtful,aware,concerned,glad,delighted,sorry,ashamed,thankful,anxious等。比如：Bothofthesubstancesaresolubleinwater.两种物质都溶于水。1212/351.4Adverbsintoverbs

--aspartofpredicate

Wisely,youmadenoattempttohavetheseproblemsdiscussedbytheGeneralAssembly,believingthattheyshouldbedealtwithelsewhere.你非常明智，没有试图让大会讨论这些问题，而认为应在其它场所处理。1313/35ConvertingintonounsVerbsconvertedintonounsAdjectivesintonounsAdverbsintonouns14广东海洋大学翻译网络课件14/35Formalityhasalwayscharacterizedtheirrelationship.他们之间关系，有一个特点，就是以礼相待。2.1Verbsintonouns

Verbsderivedfromanoun

1515/35Tothem,hepersonifiedtheabsolutepower.在他们看来，他就是绝对权威化身。

InGreekmythology,loveispersonifiedbythegoddessAphrodite.在希腊神话中，阿佛洛苔蒂女神是爱化身。1616/352.2Adjectivesintonouns

Adjectiveswithadefinitearticle

Adjectivesexpressingcharacteristics

RobinHoodandhismerrymenhatedtherich,lovedandprotectedthepoor.罗宾汉和他搭档们痛恨阔人，热爱并保护穷人。Lackoftrustisverydestructiveinarelationship.缺乏信任对人际关系危害很大。1717/352.3Adverbsintonouns

ItwasofficiallyannouncedthattheyagreedonareplytotheSovietUnion.官方宣告，他们就给苏联复信一事取得了一致意见。Heis

physically

weakbut

mentally

sound.他即使身体虚弱，不过心智健全。1818/35Theimagemustbedimensionallycorrect.图形尺寸必须正确。ThepapersaideditoriallythatMcMillanhasstolenthewesternleadershipduringDulles’absence.这家报纸社论说，麦克米兰企业在杜勒斯卧病期间窃走了西方领导权。1919/353.ConvertingintoadjectivesNounsconvertedintoadjectivesAdverbsintoadjectives20广东海洋大学翻译网络课件20/353.1Nounsintoadjectives◆①Nounsderivedfromanadj.---likeliness;flexibility◆②Nounswithanindefinitearticleusedasapredicate---afailure;asuccess,etc.2121/35ExamplesThepallorofherfaceindicatedclearlyhowshewasfeelingatthemoment.她苍白脸色显然表明了她那时情绪。Diligenceandintelligenceareofconsiderableimportancetoyoursuccess.勤奋和才智对你取得成功是颇为主要。2222/35HeknowsMaryverywellbysightandhadlongfeltaninterestinherbecauseofherbeauty.他认得玛丽。因为玛丽长得很漂亮，他早就对她一见钟情了。Thesecurityandwarmthofthedestroyer’ssickbaywerewonderful.驱逐舰医务室安全而温暖，好极了。2323/353.2AdverbsintoadjectivesThecomputerischieflycharacterizedbyitsaccurateandquickcomputations.计算机主要特点是计算准确而快速。Ithinkdifferently.我想法和你不一样。2424/35Convertingintoadverbs

NounsintoadverbsAdjectivesintoadverbs

25广东海洋大学翻译网络课件25/35Whenhecatchesaglimpseofapotentialantagonist,hisinstinctistowinhimoverwithcharmandhumor.(he---BillClinton)只要一发觉有可能反对他人，他就本能地要用他魅力和风度将这人争取过来。4.1Nounsintoadverbs2626/354.2Adjectivesintoadverbs

Canyougiveanaccuratetranslationofthesentence?你能确切地把这句话译出来吗？Thisisasheerlie.这纯属谎言。2727/355.Conversioninto

sentenceelementsConversionofNounsConversionofAdjectivesConversionofAdverbs2828/35Furtherdelaywouldcauseusgreaterlosses.假如再耽搁，我们将会蒙受更大损失Amanoflesscouragewouldnotdaretoworkinsideenemyheadquarters.假如是一个勇气不足人，也不敢在敌人心脏里工作。2929/35Itwasapleasantuneventfulride.这次骑马旅行令人愉快，没出意外。HebecameapoorthirdintheEnglish-speakingcontest.他在英语演讲比赛中得了第三名，其成绩比第二名差了许多。3030/35Shewasexpensivelyspoiledfromthemomentofbirth.她从出生就一直受到溺爱，是一位用金钱堆起来“千金”。Heisadmittedlyreliable.他十分可靠，这是大家公认。3131/35III.Practice1.Thenextnewsbulletin,shorterthanusual,madenomentionofthedemonstration2.AviewofMt.Fuji(富士山)canbeobtainedfromhere.接下来新闻节目比日常短，没有提到示威游行。