山东省济宁市兖州市重点中学2024年中考一模英语试题含答案

山东省济宁市兖州市重点中学2024年中考一模英语试题含答案注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号和座位号填写在试题卷和答题卡上。用2B铅笔将试卷类型（B）填涂在答题卡相应位置上。将条形码粘贴在答题卡右上角"条形码粘贴处"。2．作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试题卷上。3．非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。4．考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。Ⅰ.单项选择1、-Jenny,what'shappenedtoyou?Youseemabitangry.-Badluck.Iwaswalkingacrossthestreetwhenacar_____________hitme.A．nearly B．mainly C．hardly D．mostly2、—Whatdidyouseeinthecrimescene?—Onatablepushed__________awalltherewerebottlesofbeerandwine.A．above B．across C．against D．around3、______thehelpofMr.Wang,thesepoorchildrenhavethechancetogobacktoschool.A．WithB．InC．FromD．For4、—WearegoingtovisitMary.Shehasbeenillforaweek.Couldyoutellme______?—I’mnotsure.Maybewecanhelpherwithmathfirst.A．howcanwemakeherhappyB．howwecanhelpherwiththelessonsC．whenwewillgotoherhomeD．whereshelives5、Whynot___________yourteacherforhelpwhenyoucan’tfinish___________itbyyourself?A．ask;write B．toask;writing C．ask;writing D．asking;write6、TomandIlikemanysamethings.AndIfindwehavealot.A．inpublicB．inneedC．incommon7、—I’mafraidIcan’tfinishthetaskinsuchashorttime.—Don’tworry.Canyoufinishitifyoutwomoredays?A．give B．aregiven C．willgive D．willbegiven8、—Wehavefinishedreadingallthestories,MissLi.—________!Let’shaveabreak.A．Goodluck B．WelldoneC．Congratulations D．Bestwishes9、Tomakeourcitymorebeautiful,rubbish_________intotheriver.A．needn’tbethrown B．can’tthrownC．mustn’tbethrown D．maynotthrown10、Ihaveasister.nameisLingling.A．His B．Her C．Its D．YourⅡ.完形填空11、完形填空（本题共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）Longlongago,therewasaswan(天鹅)withgoldenfeathers.Shelivedinalake.Awomanlivedinasmallhouse_______thelakewithhertwodaughters.Theywereverypoor.Theyworkedhardallyearround,______still,theylivedahardlifeandsometimestheyevendidn’thaveenough______tobuyfood.Theswanwas_____toseethat.Shesaidtoherself,“I’llgiveoneofmy_______tothemeachday,thentheycanliveahappylifewiththemoneysellingmyfeathers.”Thatevening,she_______tothepoorwoman’shouseandleftagoldenfeatheronthetablewithoutsaying_______.Fromthenon,theswancameeverydayandgavethemafeather.Thewomanwasveryhappybecausetheirlifewasmuch_______thanbefore.Butdayafterday,thewomanbecamegreedy（贪婪）.Shesaidtoher1“Theswanmayflyawayoneday.Ifso,wewillbepooragain.Weshouldtakeall_______feathersifshecomesnexttime.”“Oh,no,Mom!”criedthedaughters,“Thiswill_______theswan.Shehelpsusalot!”Butthemotherwouldn’tlisten.Whenthe_______cameasusual,themothercaughtherandtookallherfeathers.Butsuddenly,thegoldenfeathers_______chickenfeathers.Then,theGoldenSwansaid,“PoorMother,Icameto_______you,butyouwantedtokillme.Now,Iamleavingandwill______comeback.Neverbegreedy!”Withthesewords,theswanleft.1．A．aboveB．overC．nearD．under2．A．andB．butC．soD．or3．A．moneyB．timeC．roomD．energy4．A．happyB．surprisedC．sadD．excited5．A．presentsB．goldencoinsC．feathersD．collections6．A．flewB．ranC．climbedD．walked7．A．somethingB．everythingC．nothingD．anything8．A．dullerB．betterC．busierD．harder9．A．brothersB．sistersC．sonsD．daughters10．A．hisB．herC．theirD．our11．A．hurtB．saveC．protectD．help12．A．womanB．daughterC．chickenD．swan13．A．heardofB．changedintoC．lookedforD．camefrom14．A．troubleB．helpC．teachD．invite15．A．sometimesB．alwaysC．usuallyD．neverⅢ.语法填空12、阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式（不超过2个单词）Manypeoplecatchacoldinthespringorfall.Itmakesuswonder:sincescientistscansendamantothemoon,whycan’ttheyfindatreatmentforthecommoncold?Thequestioniseasy1．(answer)----therearehundredsofkindsofcoldviruses(病毒)outthere.Youneverknow2．oneyou’llget,sothereisn’tatreatmentforeachone.Whenacoldvirus3．(try)tohurtyourbody,yourbodywillworkhardtofightagainstit.Bloodrushestoyournoseandbringscongestion(堵塞)withit.Thismakesyoufeelterriblebecauseyoucan’tbreathecomfortably,butactually,yourbody4．(eat)thevirus.Yourbodytemperaturerisesandyougetafever,buttheheatofyourbodyiskillingthevirus.Youalsohavearunny(流鼻涕的)nosetostopthevirus5．(get)closetothecells(细胞).Andasa6．,yourbodymaybeverypainful.Butitisactuallydoingeverythingitcantogetavictoryoverthecold.Differentpeoplehavedifferentwaysto7．withcolds.Somehavechickensouptofeelbetter,sometakehotbaths,andmanyotherpeopletakemedicine.However,somescientistssaythattakingmedicinewhenyouhaveacoldisactually8．tohealth.Thevirusstaysinyourbodyevenlongerbecauseyourbodycan’tdoit’s9．tofightwithitandkillit.Bodiescandoanamazingjobontheirown.There’sajokeabouttakingmedicinewhenyouhaveacold.It10．(go)likethis.Ittakesabout1weektogetoveracoldifyoudon’ttakemedicine,butonly7daystogetoveracoldifyoutakemedicine.Ⅳ.阅读理解A13、Easterisstillagreatdayforworship（敬拜）,candyinbasketsandrunningaroundtheyardfindingeggs,buteveryyearitgetsquiteabitworseforrabbits.Andno,notbecausethekidsliketopulltheirears.Thepointisbecauseofweatherchange,andsomeresearchersfoundthatrisingtemperaturesarehavingharmfuleffectsonatleastfivekindsofrabbitsintheUS.TaketheLowerKeysMarshrabbitasanexample.Itlivesontheislands,butitisseriouslyaffected（影响）nowbyrisingsealevels.AccordingtotheCenterforBiologicalDiversity,anoceanlevelriseof0.9-meterwoulddestroytheirlivingplacecompletely.Thesnowshoehare,ontheotherhand,hasacolorproblem.Mostoftheserabbitschangetheirfurcolorfromwhiteinthewintertimetobrowninthesummer,whichgivesthembettercoverfrompredators(捕食者).Asthenumberofdayswithsnowbecomingless,moreandmorerabbitsarebeingleftinwhitefurduringthedaysofbothfallandspring,makingthemaneasiermarkforpredators.Americanpikasorrockrabbitsmightbethefirstofthesespeciestogodieoutbecauseoftheweatherchange.Pikaslivehighinthecool,dampmountains.Asglobaltemperaturesrise,theywouldnaturallymovetohigherground–buttheyalreadyliveonthemountaintops.Theycan’tgoanyhigher.TheNationalWildlifeFederationreportsthattheymightnotbeabletostandthenewtemperaturesastheirlivingplaceheatsup.Thevolcanorabbithasthesameproblem.Recentstudieshaveshownthattheirlowerlivingplacehasalreadymovedupwardabout700meters,buttherearenotrightplantsforthemtomovehigher,sotheyhavetostayinthemiddle.NativetotheUS,pygmyrabbitsweighlessthan1poundandliveintheAmericanWest.Theyarebelievedtobethesmallestrabbitsintheworld.Theirlivingplaceshavebeendestroyedbydevelopment.Theyalsoliveonwintercover,butlessersnowfallisleavingthemunprotected.Allofthesegivenewmeaningtodressingupinahugerabbitcostume（服装）thisEaster.1．WhydoesthewritermentionEasteratthebeginningofthepassage?A．Toraisetheproblemaboutrabbits.B．ToremindpeopleofEastertraditions.C．ToshowtheimportanceofEasterDay.D．TodiscusstherelationshipbetweenEasterandrabbits.2．Whycansomerabbitsbeeasilydiscoveredbypredatorsnow?A．Becausetheyhavemovedtotheplaceswithfewerplants.B．Becausetheycanhardlyliveoncolorcoverasbefore.C．Becausetheycan’tchangetheircolorintowhite.D．Becausetheyarelefttomoreskillfulhunters.3．Whatistheproblemfacedbyrockrabbitsandvolcanorabbits?A．Theyarebothaffectedbylesssnow.B．Neitherofthemcanfindenoughfood.C．Neitherofthemcanmovetohigherplace.D．Theyarebothaffectedbyrisingsealevels.4．Whatcanyouinferfromthepassage?A．Predatorsaremoreskillfulthanbefore.B．Theweatherisgettingmuchhotternow.C．TherewillbenorabbitcostumeforEastersoon.D．Peopleshouldcaremoreabouttherabbitproblem.B14、Aresomepeoplebornclever,andothersbornstupid?Orisintelligence(智力)developedbyourenvironmentandourexperience?Strangelyenough,theanswertothesequestionsisyes.Insomedegree,ourintelligenceisgiventousatbirth,andnoeducationcanmakeagenius(天才)outofachildbornwithlowintelligence.Ontheotherhand,achildwholivesinaboringenvironmentwilldevelophisintelligencelessthanonewholivesinrichenvironment.Therefore,thelimitsofperson’sintelligencearefixedatbirth,whetherornothereachesthoselimitswilldependonhisenvironment.Thispointofview,nowisheldbymostexperts.Itiseasytoshowthatintelligenceissomethingthatwearebornwith.Thecloserthebloodrelationshipbetweentwopeople,theclosertheyarelikelytobeintelligence.Ifwetaketwostrangersbychancefromthepopulation,itseemsthattheirdegreeofintelligencewillbecompletelydifferent.If,ontheotherhand,wecomparetwotwins,theywillverylikelybeasintelligentaseachother.Relationslikebrothersandsisters,parentsandchildren,usuallyhavesimilarintelligence,andthisclearlysuggeststhatintelligencedependsonbirth.Imaginenowthatwetaketwotwinsandputthemindifferentenvironments.Wemightsendone,forexample,toauniversityandtheothertoafactoryseparatelywheretheworkisboring.Wewouldsoonfinddifferencesinintelligencedeveloping,andthisshowsthatenvironmentaswellasbirthplaysanimportantrole.Thisconclusionisalsosuggestedbythefactthatpeoplewholiveinclosecontact(接触)witheachother,butwhoarenotrelatedatallarelikelytohavesimilardegreeofintelligence.1．Howisman’sintelligencegiven?A．AtbirthB．ThrougheducationC．BothatbirthandthrougheducationD．Neitheratbirthnorthrougheducation2．Whatdoestheunderlinedwordmeaninthefirstparagraph?A．稳固B．确定C．修理D．安排3．Accordingthepassage,ifachildisbornwithlowintelligence,whatmighthappentohimlater?A．Becomeagenius.B．Stillbecomeageniusifheshouldbegivenspecialeducation.C．Reachhisintelligencelimitsinrichenvironment.D．Neverreachhisintelligenceinhislife.4．Whatcanwelearnfromtheexampleofthetwinsgoingtoauniversityandtoafactory?A．Theimportanceoftheirintelligence.B．Theroleofenvironmentonintelligence.C．TheimportanceoftheirjobsD．Thepartthatbirthplays5．WhatstatementisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．Noeducationcanhelpmakeagenius.B．Personalityisimportantasintelligencewhichwasgiventopeopleatbirth.C．Peoplewhohavesimilardegreeofintelligencemustberelatives.D．Environmentinfluencespeopleinintelligencedeveloping.C15、MonaIslandisanamazingplacetotakeavacation.Someoftheanimalslivingtherecan’tbefoundanywhereelseintheworld.Therearebeautifulbeachesandcavestoexplore.Theseaaroundtheislandhascolorfulfishes.WhyisMonaIslandunusual?MonaIslandisverysmall.ThegovernmentofPuertoRicotakescareoftheislandandhasmadeitanaturalreserve.Thatmeanstheisland’sanimalsandplantsareprotectedfrombeingharmedbypeople.MonaIslandisdifferentfrommostplacesbecausepeoplearenotallowedtolivethere.Onlyafewparkrangers（公园管理员）areabletostay.Theparkrangers’jobistokeepMonaIslandsafeandbeautiful.Theyinsistthatrulesarefollowed.Oneruleisthatonly100peopleatatimecanvisittheisland.Thatway,theparkrangerscanmakesurethelandandanimalsremainsafe.WhatistheretoSeeonMonaIsland?OnethingthatmostpeopleenjoyisgettingtoseetheMonaIslandiguana(美洲热带大蜥蜴).Thistypeofreptile(爬行动物)livesonlyonMonaIsland.Almost2,000oftheseiguanasliveonMonaIsland.Peoplealsocometotheislandtogetaclose-upviewofmanykindsoffishandothersealife.Theycanswimfarbelowthesurface.Theyusespecialequipmenttobeabletobreatheunderwater.Thewaterisalmosttransparent.Throughtheclearwater,diverscanseethebrightcolorsofthefish.Visitorscanalsoexplorecaves.Someofthecavesevenhavepaintingsanddrawingsonthewalls.ThisartworkwasmadebytheArawakandTaínoIndianswholivedontheislandhundredsofyearsago.Afterafulldayoffunactivities,visitorscansettlein,listentothenightsounds,andviewthestarsinthehugesky.Becausetheislandisfarawayfromotherplaces,itissurroundedbydarkness,andthestarsareeasiertosee.Visitorssaythatwatchingthestarsisamazing.It’stheperfectendtoaperfectday.1．WhatdoparkrangersonMonaIslanddo?A．Protectthelandandanimals.B．Offersomehelptovisitors.C．FeedanimalsonMonaIsland.D．DriveaboatbetweenPuertoRicoandMonaIsland.2．Whichofthefollowingbestexplainstheword“transparent”?A．sodifficultthatyoucan’tfinishB．soclearthatyoucanseethroughC．toodeeptobereachedD．toobrighttobeseen3．WherecanartworkbeseenonMonaIsland?A．Onthebeaches.B．Inamuseum.C．Inthecaves.D．Onthewallofthehotel.4．Whichsentencecanbefilledinthefirstblank?A．MonaIslandisverysmall.B．WatchingthestarsonMonaIslandisamazing.C．VisitorscansettleinafterafulldayonMonaIsland.D．MonaIslandisfarfromotherplacesanddarknessisallaroundit.5．Whatisthemostpossiblereasontheauthorwrotethisarticle?A．Toexplainwhyanimalsliveontheisland.B．Toshowreaderswheretheislandislocated.C．Totellaboutaplacethatsomepeoplemightenjoy.D．Togivefactsaboutpeoplewhoworkontheisland.D16、Thereisapopularbeliefthatgoldfishonlyhaveathree-secondmemory.Buta15-year-oldschoolboyfromAdelaidehasjustfinishedanexperimenttotellusthatitisnottrue.Heshowseverybodythatthegoldfishissmarterthanwethink."Idon'tbelievethattheyhadathree-secondmemorybecauseanimalsneedtheirmemory,sotheybuildupovertimeaknowledgeofwherethefoodis,"saidRoryStokes,astudentattheAustralianScienceandMathematicsSchool.Hedidtheexperimentinasmalltank(鱼缸)ofgoldfish."IdecidedtogetabitofredLogoandjustfeedthemnexttothat.EverydayI'dputitinandspreadfoodaroundit."Hesaid."Atfirsttheywereabitscaredofit,butbytheendofthethreeweeks,theywereactuallyalmostcomingbeforeIputthefoodin."Afterleavingthefishaloneforaweek,RoryplacedtheredLogoblockinthetankagain."Theyrememberedperfectlywell,"hesaid."Theyactuallyhadatimefasterthantheaverage(平均)ofthethreefeedsbeforeIleft."Thegoldfishshowedthattheynotonlycouldstoreinformation,butalsohadtheabilitytogetitbackatalaterdate.CulumBrown.aresearcheratSydney′sMacquarieUniversity,hasstudiedfishbehaviorformorethantenyears.HesayshisstudiesofAustraliannativefishshowfisharesmartanimalsthatknowhowtoavoidenemiesandcatchfoodlikeanyotheranimal."ThethingthatIreallylikedaboutRory′sexperimentisthathenotonlygotthatclassicalconditioninggoingbutthefactthathecouldgetthornnextjusttothatspecificcolouredmarker.Ithoughtitwasreallygood."Hesaid.1．RoryputaredLogointhetankto.A．connectfoodwiththecolourB．makethetanknicertolookatC．feedthefishatthesameplaceD．givethefishsomethingtoplaywith2．What'stherightorderofRory'sexperiment?a.findatankofgoldfishb.feedthefishnexttotheLogoc.leavethegoldfishaloneforaweekd.takeouttheLogoe.putaredLogointothetankf.puttheLogobackintothetankA．adbecfB．aebdcfC．dabefcD．adebcf3．Whatdothelastthreeparagraphstellus?A．FisharethecleverestanimalinAustralia.B．Rory'sexperimentfailedtomeetthescientificstandard.C．Manyscientistshadalreadydonetheexperimentbefore.D．Rory'sresearchwashighlypraisedbyexperiencedexperts(专家).4．Whatcanwelearnfromthestory?A．Fishcanbecomesmarterwiththehelpofredcolour.B．Scientistsshouldlearnfrommiddleschoolstudents.C．Whateverybodybelievesisnotneceaarilytrue.D．Youngpeoplearegenerallysmarterthanoldones.E17、Weknowthemosquitoes(蚊子)verywell.Mosquitoesflyeverywhere.Theycanbefoundalmostallovertheworld,andtherearemorethan2,500kindsofthem.Noonlikesthemosquito.Butthemosquitomaydecidethatshelovesyou.She?Yes,she.It’struethatmalemosquitodoesn’tbite(咬)andonlythefemalemosquitobitesbecausesheneedsbloodtolaylegs(下蛋).Sheisalwayslookingforthingsorpeopleshewantstobite.Ifshelikeswhatshefinds,shebites.Butifshedoesn’tlikeyourblood,shewillturntosomeoneelseformoredeliciousblood.Nexttimeamosquitobitesyou,justrememberyouarechosen.You’redifferentfromtheothers!Ifthemosquitolikesyou,shelandsonyourbodywithoutlettingyouknow.Shebitesyousoquicklyandquietlythatyoumaynotfeelanythingdifferent.Aftershebites,youwillhaveanitch(痒)onyourbodybecausesheputssomethingfromhermouthtogetherwithyourblood.Bythetimetheitchingbegins,andshehasflownaway.Andthenwhathappens?Well,afterherdeliciousdinner,themosquitofeelstired.Shejustwantstofindaplacetohaveagoodrest.There,onaleaforawall,shebeginstolayeggs,hundredsofeggs.Andthenwhathappens?1．Weknowmosquitoesverywellbecause______.A．theylivewithus B．theyflyhereandthereC．therearemanykindsofthem D．theycanfly2．Ifthemosquitodoesn’tbiteyou,itwill______.A．chooseanotherone B．makealotofnoiseC．getangrywithyou D．beafraidofyou3．Themosquitobitesyou______.A．becauseyouhavechosenit B．butdoesn’tlikeyouC．tooquicklytoletyouknow D．whenyouareasleep4．WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A．Mosquitoesusebloodtolaylegs.B．Somemosquitoesdon’tliketobitepeopleforblood.C．Theitchingbeginsafterthemosquitobitesyou.D．Youfeelterriblewhenthemosquitobitesyou.F18、Thebabyisjustonedayoldandhasnotlefthospitalyet.Sheisquietbutalert（警觉）.Theresearchershaveplacedawhitecardwithtwoblackspotsonittwentycentimetersfromherface.Shestaresatitcarefully.Aresearcherremovesthecardandreplacesitbyanotherone,thistimewiththespotsdifferentlyspaced.Asthecardschangefromonetotheother,hergaze（凝视）startstoloseitsfocusuntilathirdcardispresented.Thethirdcardhasthreeblackspotsonit.Hergazereturns:shelooksatitfortwiceaslongasshedidatthepreviouscard.Canshetellthatthenumbertwoisdifferentfromthree,just24hoursaftercomingintotheworld?Ordonewbornssimplyprefermoretofewer?Thesameexperiment,butwiththreespotsshownbeforetwo,showsthesamereturnofinterestwhenthenumberofspotschanges.Perhapsitisjustthenewness?Whenalittleolderbabieswereshowncardswithpicturesofobjects(acomb,akey,anorangeandsoon),changingthenumberofobjectshadaneffectseparatefromchangingtheobjectsthemselves.Coulditbethepatternthattwothingsmake,asopposedtothree?Noagain.Babiespaidmoreattentiontosquaresmovingrandomlyonascreenwhentheirnumberchangedfromtwotothree,orthreetotwo.Theeffectevencrossesbetweensenses.Babieswhowererepeatedlyshowntwospotsbecamemoreexcitedwhentheythenheardthreedrumbeats（鼓声）thanwhentheyheardjusttwo;likewise（同样地）whentheresearchersstartedwithdrumbeatsandmovedtospots.1．The