2015年职称英语考试理工类阅读判断模拟试题精选

1、阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。如果该句提供的是正确信息，请在答题卡上把A涂黑；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请在答题卡上把B涂黑；如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把C涂黑16、回答16-22题：Micro-chip research center createdA research center has been set up in this far-east country to develop advanced micro-chip production technologyThe center, which will start out

2、with about US$14million,will help the country develop its chip industry without always depending on imported technology.The center will make use of its research skills and facilities to develop new technology for domestic chip plantsThe advent of the center will possibly free the country from the si

3、tuation that it is always buying almost-outdated technologies from other countries, said the countrys flagship chipmakerCurrently, chip plants in this country are in a passive situation because many foreign governments dont allow them to import the most advanced technologies, fearing they will be us

4、ed for military purposesMoreover, the high licensing fees they have to pay to technology provider are also an important reason for their decision of self-reliance.As mainstream chip production technology shifts from one generation to the next every three to five years, plants with new technology can

5、 make more powerful chips at lower costs, while plants with out-dated equipment, which often cost billions of dollars to build, will be marginalized by the maker.More than 10 chip plants are being built, each costing millions of U.Sdollarsthe majority of that money goes to overseas equipment vendors

6、 and technology owners- mainly from Japan and Singapore.Should the new center play a major role in improving the situation in industry, the country admits the US$14million in vestment is still rather smallThis country is developing comprehensive technologiesMost of the investment will be spent on se

7、tting alliances with technology and intellectual property owners.The country says that the investment of US$14 million is big enough for developing that country chip industry.ARightBWrongCNot mentioned17、 That country gives top priorities to developing chips for military purposes.ARightBWrongCNot me

8、ntioned18、 Although the licensing fees are not very high, that far-east country cannot afford to pay.ARightBWrongCNot mentioned19、 Many western countries ban the exporting of the most advanced chip- making technologies to that country to prevent them from being used for military purposes.ARightBWron

9、gCNot mentioned20、 Currently, almost all the flagship chipmakers in that country are owned by American investors.ARightBWrongCNot mentioned21、 Mainstream chip production technology develop rapidly.ARightBWrongCNot mentioned22、 More than 10 chip plants being built in that country are an example of se

10、lf-reliance.ARightBWrongCNot mentionedChoosing a Topic for ResearchBecause you are going to put a lot of your time and energy into your research project(项目),the topic is especially important.In many instances your instructor may give a specific(特殊的)topic.If this is done,you have little choice,but mo

11、st instructors will permit or even welcome a slightly changed focus(中心)in a topic if it is supported by good thinking.In some of your classes,the instructor may present a suggested list of several topics from which you are to make a choice.If this is done,do not simply select the first idea that att

12、racts your attention.It may be one with which you will soon become bored,or it may be one on which you would have difficulty finding all the necessary information.Looking at the topics,try to consider how you might go about developing each of them.When you find out what seems especially interesting

13、and worthwhile(值得骄傲的),do a bit checking in the library to see if you can get the basic resources you will need.Choosing a good research topic does not necessarily mean finding something that has a lot written about it.Many times you will have to research around a topic in order to find out the most

14、useful information.Exciting and original topics often come to mind by combining two completely different interests.Let us say that you are interested in child psychology(心理学的)and in sports.Perhaps you can combine these into a study of the effect that is watching(可得到的)on the subject,you can research

15、the topic individually and,by putting your information together,then draw a conclusion.16. Choosing a topic for research is important in that you will put a great deal of time and energy into it.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned17. All instructors will allow somewhat changed focus in the original t

16、opic.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned18. If all the topics are interesting,you are advised to choose the one that has necessary information and is easy to get the basic resources you will need in the library.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned19. Choosing a good research topic certainly refers to f

17、inding something that has a lot written about it.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned20. An exciting and original topic must be any two interests combined.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned21. You can research the topic by cooperating with others.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned22. The passage is mo

18、st likely written for researchers.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned答案：16. A17. B18. A19. B20. B 21. C22. ADangers Await Babies with AltitudeWomen who live in the worlds highest communities tend to give birth to under-weight babies, a new study suggests. These babies may grow into adults with a high

19、 risk of heart disease and strokes.Research has hinted that newborns in mountain communities are lighter than average. But it wasnt clear whether this is due to reduced oxygen levels at high altitude or because their mothers are under-nourishedmany people who live at high altitudes are relatively po

20、or compared with those living lower down.To find out more, Dino Giussani and his team at Cambridge University studied the records of 400 births in Bolivia during 1997 and 1998. The babies were born in both rich and poor areas of two cities: La Paz and Santa Cruz. La Paz is the highest city in the wo

21、uld, at 3.65 kilometers above sea level, while Santa Cruz is much lower, at 0.44 kilometers.Sure enough, Giussani found that the average birth weight of babies in La Paz was significantly lower than in Santa Cruz. This was true in both high and low-income families. Even babies born to poor families

22、in Santa Cruz were heavier on average than babies born to wealthy families in lofty La Paz. “We were very surprised by this result,” says Giussani.The results suggest that babies born at high altitude are deprived of oxygen before birth. “This may trigger the release or suppression of hormones that

23、regulate growth of the unborn child, “says Giussani.His also found that high-altitude babies tended to have relatively larger heads compared with their bodies. This is probably because a fetus starved of oxygen will send oxygenated blood to the brain in preference to the rest of the body.Giussani wa

24、nts to find out if such babies have a higher risk of disease in later life. People born in La Paz might be prone to heart trouble in adulthood, for example. Low birth weight is a risk factor for coronary heart disease. And newborns with a high ratio of head size to body weight are often predisposed

25、to high blood pressure and strokes in later life.练习:According to the passage, one of the reasons why newborns in mountain communities are underweight is that their mothers are underweight.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned2. Giussanis team members are all British researchers and professors from Camb

26、ridge University.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned3. Giussani did not expect to find that the weight of a baby had little to do with the financial conditions of the family he was born into.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned4. The weight of a newborn has to do with the supply of oxygen even when he

27、was still in his mothers womb.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned5. High-altitude babies have heads that are larger than their bodies.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned6. High-altitude babies have longer but thinner limbs than average.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned7. Guissani has arrived at the c

28、onclusion that babies in high-altitude regions are more likely to have heart trouble when they grow up.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned答案：BCAABCBGreen Tea Protects against Heart DiseaseA few cups of green tea each day may help prevent heart disease, Greek researchers said on Wednesday. A study pub

29、lished in the European Journal of Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation showed further evidence of the potential health benefits from a brew already linked to a reduced risk of a range of cancers and other conditions.The study showed that green tea improves blood flow and the ability of arter

30、ies to relax, said Charalambos Vlachopoulos, a cardiologist at the Athens Medical School in Greece who worked on the study. Other studies have shown that black tea also has benefits for cardiovascular health.The Greek team said they believed green tea might be even better because it had higher quant

31、ities of beneficial compounds called flavonoids（类黄酮） - some of which are lost in the oxidation process that black tea undergoes. Flavonoids are also found in cocoa, tomatoes and grapes. A couple of cups a day would probably be a good dose for people, Vlachopoulos said. This is the first study to sho

32、w these effects for green tea.The researchers gave 14 healthy volunteers either green tea, diluted caffeine or hot water and then measured the function of endothelial cells lining the circulatory system. These cells help relax arteries and ease blood flow.What is important is these effects are evide

33、nt fairly rapidly, within 30 minutes, Vlachopoulos said. The measurements taken 30, 90 and 120 minutes following consumption showed an almost immediate benefit among people who had drunk green tea, he said.While the researchers looked only at a short-term impact, Vlachopolous said the teams studies

34、suggest the protection is long lasting. Green tea is consumed less in the Western world than black tea, but it could be more beneficial because of the way it seems to improve (circulatory) function, he said.1.According to the Greek researchers, having several cups of green tea each day may help prev

35、ent heart diseaseA.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned2.There are no studies done to prove that black tea is good for cardiovascular healthA.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned3.The study shows that green tea and black tea are of the same benefits to cardiovascular healthA.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned4.We can

36、find flavonoids in cocoa, tomatoes and green teasA.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned5.The healthy volunteers feel comfortable and exciting after drinking green teaA.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned6.The researchers have made long-term studies on the impact of green tea to the health of human bodyA.Right B.

37、Wrong C.Not mentioned7.Green tea is not as popular as black tea in the worldA.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned答案：ABBACBCNew Understanding of Natural Silks MysteriesNatural silk, as we all know, has a strength that man-made materials have long struggled to match. In a discovery that sounds more like an

38、ancient Chinese proverb than a materials science breakthrough, MIT researchers have discovered that silk gets its strength from its weakness. Or, more specifically, its many weaknesses. Silk gets its extraordinary durability and ductility (柔韧性) from an unusual arrangement of hydrogen bonds that are

39、intrinsically very weak but that work together to create a strong, flexible structure.Most materials especially the ones we engineer for strength get their toughness from brittleness. As such, natural silks like those produced by spiders have long fascinated both biologists and engineers because of

40、their light weight, ductility and high strength (pound for pound, silk is stronger than steel and far less brittle). But on its face, it doesnt seem that silks should be as strong as they are; molecularly, they are held together by hydrogen bonds, which are far weaker than the covalent (共价的) bonds f

41、ound in other molecules.To get a better understanding of how silk manages to produce such strength through such weak bonds, the MIT team created a set of computer models that allowed them to observe the way silk behaves at the atomic level. They found that the arrangement of the tiny silk nanocrysta

42、ls (纳米晶体) is such that the hydrogen bonds are able to work cooperatively, reinforcing one another against external forces and failing slowly when they do fail, so as not so allow a sudden fracture to spread across a silk structure.The result is natural silks that can stretch and bend while retaining

43、 a high degree of strength. But while thats all well and good for spiders, bees and the like, this understanding of silk geometry could lead to new materials that are stronger and more ductile than those we can currently manufacture. Our best and strongest materials are generally expensive and diffi

44、cult to produce (requiring high temperature treatments or energy-intensive processes).By looking to silk as a model, researchers could potentially devise new manufacturing methods that rely on inexpensive materials and weak bonds to create less rigid, more forgiving materials that are nonetheless st

45、ronger than anything currently on offer. And if you thought you were going to get out of this materials science story without hearing about carbon nanotubes (纳米碳管), think again.The MIT team is already in the lab looking into ways of synthesizing silk-like structures out of materials that are stronge

46、r than natural silk like carbon nanotubes. Super-silks are on the horizon.16. MIT researchers carry out the study to illustrate an ancient Chinese proverb.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned17. Silks strength comes from its weak hydrogen bonds working together.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned18. Bi

47、ologists and engineers are interested in understanding natural silks because they are very light and brittle.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned19. If the hydrogen bonds break due to external forces, they break fast.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned20. The MIT team had tried different materials befo

48、re they studies natural silk in the research.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned21. Carbon nanotubes are currently the most popular topic in materials science.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned22. It is indicated that materials stronger than natural silk can be expected in the future.A. Right B. Wron

49、g C. Not mentioned答案：16 B 17 A 18 B 19 B 20 C 21 C 22 AEl NinoWhile some forecasting methods had limited success predicting the 1997 El Nino a few months in advance, the Columbia University researchers say their method can predict large El Nino events up to two years in advance. That would be good n

50、ews for governments, farmers and others seeking to plan for the droughts and heavy rainfall that El Nino can produce in various parts of the world.Using a computer, the researchers matched sea-surface temperatures to later El Nino occurrences between 1980 and 2000 and were then able to anticipate El

51、 Nino events dating back to 1857, using prior sea-surface temperatures. The results were reported in the latest issue of the journal Nature.The researchers say their method is not perfect, but Bryan C. Weare. a meteorologist at the University of California. Davis, who was not involved in the work, s

52、aid it “suggests EL Nino is indeed predictable.”“This will probably convince others to search around more for even better methods,” said Weare. He added that the new method “makes it possible to predict El Nino at long lead times.” Other models also use sea-surface temperatures, but they have not lo

53、oked as far back because they need other data, which is only available for recent decades, Weare said.The ability to predict the warming and cooling of the Pacific is of immense importance. The 1997 El Nino, for example, caused an estimated $20 billion in damage worldwide, offset by beneficial effec

54、ts in other areas, said David Anderson, of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts in Reading, England. The 1887 El Nino, meanwhile, coincided with a failure of the Indian monsoon and a famine that killed perhaps 40 million in India and China, prompting the development of seasonal for

55、ecasting. Anderson said.When El Nino hit in 1991 and 1997, 200 million people were affected by flooding in China alone, according to a 2002 United Nations report.While predicting smaller El Nino events remains tricky, the ability to predict larger ones should be increased to at least a year if the n

56、ew method is confirmed.El Nino tends to develop between April and June and reaches its peak between December and years.The new forecasting method does not predict any major El Nino events in the next two years, although a weak warming toward the end of this year is possible.练习：1. The method used by

57、the Columbia University researchers can predict El Nino a few months in advance.A. right B. wrong C. Not mentioned2. The Columbia University researchers studied the relationship between the past El Nino occurrences and sea-surface temperatures.A. right B. wrong C. Not mentioned3. The Columbia Univer

58、sity researchers are the first to use sea-surface temperatures to match the past El Nino occurrences.A. right B. wrong C. Not mentioned4. Weares contribution in predicting El Nino, was highly praised by other meteorologists.A. right B. wrong C. Not mentioned5. According to a Chinese report, the flooding in China caused by El Nino in 1991 and 1997 affected 200 million Chinese people.A. right B. wrong C. Not mentioned6. It takes about eight months for El Nino to reach its peak.A. right B. wrong C. Not mentioned7. A special institute has been set up in America to st