高中语法知识点总结

高中语法知识点总结高中语法知识点总结 1 1 高中英语语法大全:表语从句1.定义：用作表语的从句叫做表语从句。2.构成：关联词+简单句3.引导表语从句的关联词的种类：(1)从属连词 that。如：The trouble is that I have lost his address.麻烦是我把他的地址丢了。(2)从属连词 whether,as,as if。如：He looked just as he had looked ten years before.他看起来还与十年前一样。The question is whether they will be able to help us.问题是他们是否能帮我们。注：从属连词 if 一般不用来引导表语从句，但 as if却可引导表语从句，如：All this was over twenty years ago,but its as if it was only yesterday.这都是 20 多年前的事了，但宛如昨天一样。能跟表语从句的谓语动词一般为系动词 be,seem,look 等。如：It looked as if it was going to rain.看起来天要下雨了。(3)连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whatever,whichever 连接副词 where,when,how,why。如：The problem is who we can get to replace her.问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢。The question is how he did it.问题是他是如何做此事的。That was what she did this morning on reaching the attic.那就是她今晨上了阁楼干的。解释：1.连词 because 可引导表语从句。如：I think it is because you are doing too much.我想这是因为你做得太多。2.在一些表示“建议、劝说、命令”的名词后面的表语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气。should+动词原形表示，should 可省略。如：My suggestion is that we (should)start early tomorrow.我的建议是我们明天一早就出发。2 高中英语语法大全:主语从句1.定义：用作主语的从句叫做主语从句。2.构成：关联词+简单句3.引导主语从句的关联词有三类：(1)从属连词 that。如：That they were in truth sisters was clear from the facial resemblance between them.很明显，她们确是亲姐妹，她们的脸型很相似。(2)从属连词 whether。如：Whether hell come here isnt clear.他是否会来这里还不清楚。(3)连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whatever,whichever 连接副词 where,when,how,why。如：What she did is not yet known.她干了什么尚不清楚。How this happened is not clear to anyone.这事怎样发生的，谁也不清楚。Whoever comes is welcome.不论谁来都欢迎。Wherever you are is my home - my only home.你所在的任何地方就是我的家-我唯一的家。3 高中英语语法大全:宾语从句1.定义：用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。2.构成：关联词+简单句3.引导宾语从句的关联词有三类：(1)从属连词 that。如：He told us that he felt ill.他对我们说他感到不舒服。I know he has returned.我知道他已经回来了。注：that 在引导宾语从句时也并不是任何情况下都可以省略。在以下情况下，that 不能省略。could see what happened and that Tom was frightened.(and 连接两个宾语从句，that 宾语从句放在and 的后面时，that 不能省略。)大家都会看出所发生的事情并知道 Tom 非常害怕。know nothing about him except that he is from the south.(that 引导的宾语从句作介词宾语时，that 不能省略。)对他我一无所知，只知道他是南方人。he ever said such a thing I simply dont believe.(that 从句位于句首时，that 不可省略。)我简直不相信他曾说过这样的话。decided,in view of his special circumstances,that we would admit him for a probationary period.(主句谓语动词与 that 从句之间有插入语，that 不可省略。)鉴于他的特殊情况，我们决定应允他一段试用期。(1)介词宾语从句 宾语从句也可用作介词的宾语。如：He was deeply displeased by what had occurred that day.他对那天发生的事感到很不快。I walked over to where she sat.我走向她坐的地方。I am curious as to what he will say.我很想知道他要说什么。Your success will largely depend upon what you do and how you do it.你是否成功将主要取决于你做什么和怎样做。有时介词可以省略。如：I dont care (for)who marries him.我不管谁跟他结婚。Be careful (as to)how you do that.你要注意做这件事的方式。(2)从属连词 if/whether。如：I doubt whether he will succeed.我怀疑他是否会成功。I dont know if you can help me.我不知道你能否帮助我。(3)连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whatever,whichever 连接副词 where,when,how,why。如：Who or what he was,Martin never learned.他是什么人?他是干什么的?马丁根本不知道。I wonder what hes writing to me about.我不知道他要给我写信说什么事。Ill tell you why I asked you to come.我会告诉你我为什么要你来。You may do what you will.你可做任何你想做的事。4 高中英语语法大全:同位语从句1.定义：用作同位语的从句叫做同位语从句。2.用法：同位语从句的先行词多为fact,news,idea,thought,question,reply,report,remark等，关联词多用从属连词 that。如：They were all very much worried over the fact that you were sick.对你生病这件事，他们都很焦虑。Where did you get the idea that I could not come? 你在哪儿听说我不能来? Early in the day came the news that Germany had declared war on Russia.德国已对俄国宣战的消息一大早就传来了。注：同位语从句偶尔由从属连词 whether 引导。如：I have no idea whether hell come or not.我不知道他是否来。连接代词 who,which,what 和连接副词where,when,why,how 亦可引导同位语从句。The question who should do the work requires consideration.谁该干这项工作，这个问题需要考虑。We havent yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation.到哪儿去度暑假，这个问题我们还没有决定。It is a question how he did it.那是一个他如何做了此事的问题。高中语法知识点总结 2 “非谓语动词”可分为动词不定式、动名词和分词。它在句子中的作用很多：除了不作谓语外，它可以充当主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语与复合宾语(主语补语或宾语补语)。有些及物动词后面接不带 to 的不定式作复合宾语、 、 、具体请看频道一、非谓语动词“非谓语动词”可分为动词不定式、动名词和分词。它在句子中的作用很多：除了不作谓语外，它可以充当主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语与复合宾语(主语补语或宾语补语)。有些及物动词后面接不带 to 的不定式作复合宾语。这些动词归纳如下：一感(feel).二听(hear，listen to)，三让(have，1et， make)，四看(see，watCh，notice，observe)。再加上 help somebody(to)do something 和美国英语 look at somebody do somthing。还有“二让”属特殊：get somebody to do something 与 keep somebody doing。而有些及物动词后面接动名词(the -ing form)作宾语。这些动词归纳为一句话：Papa C makes friends。这是由如下动词的开头字母组成：permit，advise， practise，avoid,consider,mind, allow,keep,enjoy,suggest, finish，risk，imagine,escape,need，delay，stand(忍受)。 为了容易记住，也可以编成顺口溜：“允许完成练习，建议避免冒险，考虑延期逃跑，喜欢保持想象，需要反对忍受” 。其相对应的动词依次是：permit/allow,finish,practise;advise/suggest， avoid，risk： consider， delay， escape/miss; enjoy/appreciate， keep， imagine; need/want/require,mind. cant help/cant stand。二、复合句1、学生最容易混淆的是定语从句与同位语从句的区别。例如：A、The news that our team has won the match is true. (同位语从句)B、The news that he told us surprised everybody here. (定语从句)关键的区别在于连接或关系代词 that：有意义的是定语， 无意义的是同位。因为引导定语从句的 that 在从句中作主语或 宾语，而引导同位语从句的 that 只起到连接词的作用。2、接着容易混淆的是引导定语从句的关系代词 that与 which：that 之前是不定(代词)