日产45T精炼油项目可行性研究报告.doc

airport was built during the war, but for some reason it could not be used then. last year, however, it came into use. over a hundred people must have been driven away from their homes by the noise. i am one of the few people left. sometimes i think this house will be knocked down by a passing plane. i have been offered a large sum of money to go away, but i am determined to stay here. everybody says i must be mad and they are probably right.lesson22 a glass envelope 玻璃信封my daughter, jane, never dreamed of receiving a letter from a girl of her own age in holland. last year, we were travelling across the channel and jane put a piece of paper with her name and address on it into a bottle. she threw the bottle into the sea. she never thought of it again, but ten months later, she received a letter from a girl in holland. both girls write to each other regularly now. however, they have decided to use the post-office. letters will cost a litt1e more, but they will certainly travel faster. lesson23 a new house 新居i had a letter from my sister yesterday. she lives in nigeria. in her letter, she said that she would come to england next year. if she comes, she will get a surprise. we are now living in a beautiful new house in the country. work on it had begun before my sister left. the house was completed five months ago. in my letter, i told her that she could stay with us. the house has many large rooms and there is a lovely garden. it is a very modern house, so it looks strange to some people. it must be the only modern house in the district.lesson24 it could be worse 不幸中之万幸i entered the hotel managers office and sat down. i had just lost &50 and i felt very upset. i left the money in my room, i said, and its not there now. the manager was sympathetic, but he could do nothing. everyones losing money these days, he said. he started to complain about this wicked world but was interrupted by a knock at the door. a girl came in and put an envelope on his desk. it contained &5o. i found this outside this gentlemans room she said. well, i said to the manager, there is still some honesty in this world !lesson25 do the english speak english? 英国人讲的是英语吗？i arrived in london at last. the railway station was big, black and dark. i did not know the way to my hotel, so i asked a porter. i not only spoke english very carefully, but very clearly as well. the porter, however, could not understand me; i repeated my question several times and at last he understood. he answered me, but he spoke neither slowly nor clearly. i am a foreigner, i said. then he spoke slowly, but i could not understand him. my teacher never spoke english like that! the porter and i looked at each other and smiled. then he said something and i understood it. youll soon learn english! he said. i wonder. in england, each man speaks a different language. the english understand each other, but i dont understand them ! do they speak english ?lesson26 the best art critics 最佳美术评论家i am an art student and i paint a lot of pictures. many people pretend that they understand modern art. they always tell you what a picture is about. of course, many pictures arc not about anything. they are just pretty patterns. we like them in the same way that we like pretty curtain material. i think that young children often appreciate modern pictures better than anyone else. they notice more. my sister is only seven, but she always tells me whether my pictures are good or not. she came into my room yesterday. what are you doing ? she asked. im hanging this picture on the wall, i answered. its a new one. do you like it ? she looked at it critically for a moment. its all right, she said, but isnt it upside-down ? i looked at it again. she was right! it was!lesson27 a wet night 雨夜late in the afternoon, the boys put up their tent in the middle of a field. as soon as this was done, they cooked a meal over an open fire. they were all hungry and the food smelt good. after a wonderful meal, they told stories and sang songs by the camp fire. but some time later it began to rain. the boys felt tired so they pet out the fire and crept into their tent. their sleeping-bags were warm and comfortable, so they all slept soundly. in the middle of the night, two boys woke up and began shouting. the tent was full of water! they all leapt out of their sleeping-bags and hurried outside. it was raining heavily and they found that a stream had formed in the field. the stream wound its way across the field and then flowed right under their tent!lesson28 no parking 禁止停车jasper white is one of those rare people who believes in ancient myths. he has just bought a new house in the city, but ever since he moved in, he has had trouble with motorists. when he returns home at night, he always finds that someone has parked a car outside his gate. because of this, he has not been able to get his own car into his garage even once. jasper has put up no parking signs outside his gate, but these have not had any effect. now he has put an ugly stone head over the gate. it is one of the ugliest faces i have ever seen. i asked him what it was and he told me that it was medusa, the gorgon. jasper hopes that she will turn motorists to stone. but none of them has been turned to stone yet!lesson29 taxi! 出租汽车！captain ben fawcett has bought an unusual taxi and has begun a new service. the taxi is a small swiss aeroplane called a pilatus porter. this wonderful plane can carry seven passengers. the most surprising thing about it, however, is that it can land anywhere: on snow, water, or even on a ploughed field. captain fawcetts first passenger was a doctor who flew from birmingham to a lonely village in the welsh mountains. since then, captain fawcett has flown passengers to many unusual places. once he landed on the roof of a block of flats and on another occasion, he landed in a deserted car park. captain fawcett has just refused a strange request from a businessman. the man wanted to fly to rockall, a lonely island in the atlantic ocean, but captain fawcett did not take him because the trip was too dangerous.lesson30 football or polo? 足球还是水球？the wayle is a small river that cuts across the park near my home. i like sitting by the wayle on fine afternoons. it was warm last sunday, so i went and sat on the river bank as usual. some children were playing games on the bank and there were some people rowing on the river. suddenly, one of the children kicked a ball very hard and it went towards a passing boat. some people on the bank called out to the man in the boat, but he did not hear them. the ball struck him so hard that he nearly fell into the water. i turned to look at the children, but there werent any in sight: they had all run away! the man laughed when he realized what had happened. he called out to the children and threw the ball back to the bank. lesson31 success story 成功者的故事yesterday afternoon frank hawkins was telling me about his experiences as a young man. frank is now the head of a very large business company, but as a boy he used to work in a small shop. it was his job to repair bicycles and at that time he used to work fourteen hours a day. he saved money for years and in 1938 he bought a small work-shop of his own. during the war frank used to make spare parts for aeroplanes. at that time he had two helpers. by the end of the war, the small work-shop had become a large factory which employed seven hundred and twenty-eight people. frank smiled when he remembered his hard early years and the long road to success. he was still smiling when the door opened and his wife came in. she wanted him to repair their sons bicycle! lesson32 shopping made easy 购物变得很方便people are not so honest as they once were. the temptation to steal is greater than ever before-especially in large shops. a detective recently watched a well-dressed woman who always went into a large store on monday mornings. one monday, there were fewer people in the shop than usual when the woman came in, so it was easier for the detective to watch her. the woman first bought a few small articles. after a little time, she chose one of the most expensive dresses in the shop and handed it to an assistant who wrapped it up for her as quickly as possible. then the woman simply took the parcel and walked out of the shop without paying. when she was arrested, the detective found out that the shop-assistant was her daughter. the girl gave her mother a free dress once a week !lesson33 out of the darkness 冲出黑暗nearly a week passed before the girl was able to explain what had happened to her. one afternoon she set out from the coast in a small boat and was caught in a storm. towards evening, the boat struck a rock and the girl jumped into the sea. then she swam to the shore after spending the whole night in the water. during that time she covered a distance of eight miles. early next morning, she saw a light ahead. she knew she was near the shore because the light was high up on the cliffs. on arriving at the shore, the girl struggled up the cliff towards the light she had seen. that was all she remembered. when she woke up a day later, she found herself in hospital.lesson34 quick work 破案“神速”ted robinson has been worried all the week. last tuesday he received a letter from the local police. in the letter he was asked to call at the station. ted wondered why he was wanted by the police, but he went to the station yesterday and now he is not worried any more. at the station, he was told by a smiling policeman that his bicycle had been found. five days ago, the policeman told him, the bicycle was picked up in a small village four hundred miles away. it is now being sent to his home by train. ted was most surprised when he heard the news. he was amused too, because he never expected the bicycle to be found. it was stolen twenty years ago when ted was a boy of fifteen !lesson35 stop thief! 捉贼！rov trenton used to drive a taxi. a short while ago, however, he became a bus-driver and he was not regretted it. he is finding his new work far more exciting. when he was driving along catford street recently, he saw two thieves rush out of a shop and run towards a waiting car. one of them was carrying a bag full of money. roy acted quickly and drove the bus straight at the thieves. the one with the money got such a fright that he dropped the bag. as the thieves were trying to get away in their car, roy drove his bus into the back of it. while the battered car was moving away, roy stopped his bus and telephoned the police. the thieves car was badly damaged and easy to recognize. shortly afterwards, the police stopped the car and both men were arrested. lesson36 across the channel 横渡海峡erna hart is going to swim across the english channel tomorrow. she is going to set out from the french coast at five oclock in the morning. erna is only fourteen years old and she hopes lo set up a new world record. she is a strong swimmer and many people feel that she is sure to succeed. ernas father will set out with her in a small boat. mr hart has trained his daughter for years. tomorrow he will be watching her anxiously as she swims the long distance to england. erna牡丹江油脂厂日产45t精炼油项目可行性研究报告设计单位：哈尔滨商业大学食品工程系建设单位：黑龙江省牡丹江油脂厂2006.10.6厂长：xxx项目负责人：xxx项目技术负责人：xxx审核：xxx项目编制人员及单位：哈尔滨商业大学目 录1项目基本情况31.1项目名称和建设单位31.2项目单位性质：股份制31.3项目主管单位和项目负责31.4项目建设地址31.5可行性报告编制单位31.6项目研究内容和依据31.7项目建设状况31.8项目投资金额及经济技术指标51.9结论52项目提出背景、必要性和意义53精炼油产品市场预测63.1国内市场考察63.2国际市场考察63.3产品价格考察63.4市场需求预测63.5市场营销策略及产品目标市场预测74项目规划和厂址选择74.1项目规划74.2厂址选择85工程技术方案95.1项目组成95.2产品质量标准105.3生产方法、工艺流程和主要设备选择105.4总平面布置和车间布置115.5精练油加工厂厂内外运输情况125.6土建改造工程125.7给排水工程135.8供电135.9供热145.10通风155.11维修156环境保护与劳动安全156.1建设地点的环境现状156.2主要污染源和污染物156.3环境保护采用标准156.4治理方案及预期效果156.5工厂卫生、劳动保护及职业安全卫生166.6物资管理177节能与计量187.1设计依据187.2主要措施187.3节能机构的设置187.4计量188企业组织与劳动定员188.1企业组织及工作制度188.2劳动定员198.3人员培训209项目实话进度建议2110投资估算与资金筹措2110.1投资估算2110.2流动资金估算2210.3项目总投资2211财务评价2211.1单位产品成本和总成本2211.2产品成本估算依据2211.3产品销售收入：2211.4利润估算2311.5财务现金流量分析2311.6项目清偿能力分析2311.7评价结论2311.8敏感性分析2312综合评价2312.1社会效益分析2312.2生态效益分析2412.3综合评价24附录241项目基本情况1.1项目名称和建设单位1.1.1项目名称：日产20吨大豆精炼油加工项目1.1.2建设单位：牡丹江油脂厂1.2项目单位性质：股份制1.3项目主管单位和项目负责1.3.1项目主管单位：牡丹江市油脂厂1.3.2项目负责人：xxx1.4项目建设地址黑龙江省牡丹江市1.5可行性报告编制单位哈尔滨商业大学1.6项目研究内容和依据1.6.1研究内容（1）对精练油加工产品数量、质量进行分析，对销售市场进行分析预测（2）对项目的三废处理和环境保护措施进行谁（3）对项目的投资进行分析谁并提出估算（4）对项目建成投产后的经济效益进行研究分析和测算1.6.2研究工作依据（1）项目可行性研究报告委托合同书（2）委托单位提交的基础材料1.7项目建设状况1.7.1原料来源情况：牡丹江地区是黄豆主产区，地质肥沃，年产大豆500000吨，牡丹江油脂厂因扩展规模，粗油日产200吨，故需要扩展精炼油生产线，本项目对粗油进行细加工，日处理量为25吨，加工的最终产品是食用油。1.7.2加工工厂厂址自然状况a.交通运输牡丹江油脂厂位于牡丹江市集贤县政府所在地，北邻国家储备粮库，东邻双福一级公路，南边是住宅区，厂区占地面积1.1万平方米。本项目充分利用原有三废进行技术改造，无原则新建部分车间，厂区别具匠心火车站3km，厂内有铁路专用线1000m，交通运输方便；项目原材料和成品运输均可采用铁路和公路运输方式。b.供电条件工厂现有变电所1座，内设1250kva，1050kva、200kva电輈变压器各一台，原有一条10kva电源架空线路，外部电源供电可靠。厂区内变电所和各主要生产车间内设有低压电力电容进行无功功率裣，补后功率因数可达0.9以上，空载时可达0.95以上。可以满足生产需要，无须增容。c.自然条件牡丹江市位于黑龙江东北部，地址位置在东经131。北纬46。35。根据国家建分布的第一批及第二批全国主要地区基本地震列度，牡丹江市为7度地震区，基建工程可按7度设防和加固。d气候条件牡丹江地处中纬度，属于寒温带大陆性气候。特点是：冬季长，干燥寒冷，夏季短，温热而多雨。气温年平均气温2.6七月平均最高气温21.1冬季一月平均最低气温-14.9极端最高气温38.9极端最低气温-42夏季一般相对温度74%降雨量年平均降雨量530mm月最大降雨量345mm日最大降雨量43.8mm风向全年主导风向南偏西夏季主要风向西南风速平均风速4.3m/s最大风速34m/s积雪最大雪深56cm最大雪压值25kg/m最大冻土深度2.3m年平均雷电日29.5d全年日照时数2480h无霜期135de厂址水纹地质概况经东煤地质局110勘探水纹队现场勘察和黑龙江省建筑工程检测中心站试验，结果概述如下：经勘察厂址地貌单元属前平原区，冲积坡积层厚15-20米，岩性主要为黄色粘土，稍密至中密，期间无软弱类层分布。经用微型贯入仪在野外快速测定原状地基上的允许承载力r，压缩模重es，液性指标数等参数如下：从地表起算取样深度1.5米允许承载力r21.1-22.8吨/平方米压缩模量es72-80kg/cm液性指数为55-63由黑龙江省建筑工程检测中心第十九站试验的9个粘土样品成果如下：从地表算起的取样深度4-8米国。含水量21.41-36.4%允许承载力12-20吨/平方米地下水位较深，地下初见水位为-44.5米，地基承载力为中等。符合原有建筑物设计需要，水质情况良好，水质总硬度小于五度。f燃料供应本项目年耗煤400吨，ii类烟煤，发蛰量在2*104kj/kgc h ,黑龙江省牡丹江市是全国煤炭基地，用煤有保证。g邮电通讯牡丹江邮电局为万门程控电话，可直拨国同和世界各地。同时，本局已接入因特网，可进行网上宣传，定货，联系客户等。h供水与排水工厂原有深水井一眼，出水量为300t/h，工厂原有两条市政给水管线，供水能力为60t/h，全厂最大供水能力为90t/h，水质符合国家生活饮用水卫生标准，排水无无无需处理，可直接市政排水干线。1.8项目投资金额及经济技术指标1.8.1项目投资金额该项目投资总额216.88万美元，其中流动资金61.7万美元1.8.2项目经济技术指标产品总成本119.53万美元，销售总收入603.86万美元，税金78.5万美元，年平均利润403.86万美元（税前）、225.42万美元（税后），投资利润率37.33%，投资利税率29.55%投资回收期：税前2.79年，税后4.55年。经测算本项目达到投资设计能力的26.34%以上即可盈利，说明本项目承受风险能力较强。1.9 结论1.9.1该项目实话后可促进一些相关企业的发展，可直接解决部分再就业人员就业。1.9.2该项目具有广大市场，有哈尔滨商业大学食品工程系作技术后盾。该项目具有投资风险小，见效快的特点。1.9.3从项目的经济分析得知此项目全部投资财务内部收益率为销售总收入603.86万美元，税金78.5万美元，年平均利润403.86万美元（税前）、225.42万美元（税后），投资利润率37.33%，投资利税率29.55%综上所述，本项目具有良好的经济效益和社会效益，建议尽快批复，以加快本项目的建设实验。2项目提出背景、必要性和意义每100克大豆油中约含能量为3759.7千焦脂，脂肪99.4克，碳水化合物0.3克，维生素a原及维生素;b族微量元素，维生素e的含量为3128毫克，另含少量钙、磷、铁、锌、铜、锰等矿物质。大豆油中的脂肪酸主要是亚油酸，占5060，油酸占2230，棕榈酸占710，亚麻酸占59，硬脂酸占25，花生酸占回3。豆油还富含卵磷脂。大豆油的人体消化吸收率高达98。黄豆是我们的宝贵资源，过去一直出口或向外地输送原料，使这一宝贵资源白白浪费掉。如何利用我们现有的丰富黄豆资源，综合深度开发，把资源转化成财富，振兴全市经济，成为迫在眉睫的大问题。3精炼油产品市场预测3.1国内市场考察我国是植物油消费大国。“八五”期间国产消费量约900-950万吨。1997年国内食油消费量为860万吨，人均消费稳定在7.1至7.5公斤,农村人口食油消费6.5公斤,农村人口消费较城镇人口增幅快;2001年全国社会消费总量为1342万吨。 食用油消费快速增长，归结起来有四个主要原因：一是人口仍是刚性增长；二是我国食油人均消费水平低于世界平均水平，随着生活水平提高，油脂消费水平要适当提高；三是食品业、餐饮业、旅游业及相关工业发展和加快小城镇建设，人口相对集聚，将拉动第三产业发展，都将增加食油消费的需求；四是食油在居民生活消费总支出中所占比重很小。所以说今后5-10年食油消费进一步增长趋势不会改变，市场空间较大。3.2国际市场考察我国食用油对进口依赖程度较高。预计2006年度全球食用油需求将继续增长，平均增幅约为3-4%。2006年我国取消植物油关税配额，植物油进口环境将更加趋于宽松，没有配额的限制，有条件进口植物油的企业数量会明显增多，进口数量的不确定性也会明显增强。2006年我国植物油进口有以下两点值得关注： 一是进口总量很可能会进一步增加，棕榈油进口对进口总量的带动会十分明显。二是豆油进口不稳定性增大， 国内产量、国际市场与国内豆油价格、不同企业对价格的不同判断均将会对进口量形成影响。所以从国际的角度上来看，精炼食用油也是有很大的市场的。3.3产品价格考察目前，我国食用油市场寡头垄断的竞争格局已经形成、区域消费差异明显。食用油市场上有着两种不同的营销模式：一种为金龙鱼模式，以经销商为主；另一种为直销模式，以鲁花为代表。经销商的选择、经销政策的制定、价格政策、经销商的管理是分销管理中最重要的内容。在食用油这样的消费品行业中，终端推广是核心，随着市场竞争越来越剧烈，进入精耕细作的规范市场竞争之后，终端的争夺将成为营销竞争中的焦点。目前山东地区豆油价格一般在5280-5320元/吨，与前期变化不大；天津市场价格为5330元/吨，比前期下降0.2%；江苏5480元/吨，与前期基本持平。“金龙鱼”色拉油每桶为33.75元，较上月同期上调了2. 25元，涨幅7.14%：“火鸟”色拉油每桶为31元，上调了1.75元，涨幅5.98%：“福临门”色拉油每桶为32.75元，上调了1.50元，涨幅4.58%.另外，“鲁花”花生油、“福临门”玉米胚芽油、“福临门”葵花油等一些中高端食用油也纷纷上调了1元钱左右。3.4市场需求预测国内豆油价格以上涨为主。各地豆油涨幅在100-200元/吨。 其中东北地区的黑龙江和吉林前期涨幅较大，近期涨势减弱，涨幅在50元/吨左右；辽宁地区前期涨幅较小，本周涨幅在150元/吨左右。 华北地区涨幅在150-200元/吨，但山东地区涨幅仅50-100元/吨。华东和华南地区涨幅在150-250元/吨，涨势增强。 当前，东北地区油厂开工不足，近期受进口大豆到港完税成本的提高、进口大豆到港数量的下降，新豆尚未上市，油厂豆油库存相对不足，以及节前豆油市场需求活跃等因素的共同支撑，豆油市场价格继续上涨。 当前华北地区节日需求提振市场人气，油厂提价意愿增强，豆粕需求仍无明显起色，价格保持在低位，也使油厂大力上拉豆油价格，同时国内进口大豆、豆油到港预期成本高位坚挺，另外国际海运费和升贴水趋涨，支撑油厂原料采购成本居高不下，共同拉动豆油价格大幅上涨。 当前华东和华南地区在节前市场需求逐渐放大，油脂行情整体联动上涨的刺激下，增强了市场看涨心理，不仅促使厂商提价心理增强，也促使市场贸易商看涨心理增强，购销略显活跃，油厂惜售心理增强，中间商对豆油的采购积极，价格继续攀高。 虽然华南地区油厂开工正常，豆油供应较为充足，但节日市场消费的需求拉动，使油价获得利多支撑，提振豆油价格持续攀高。 3.5市场营销策略及产品目标市场预测我们拟采用厂家直销、代理商经销的方式，在北京设20处，上海设20处，哈尔滨、长春、沈阳、大连等地设100处销售点，以扩大宣传，如在哈尔滨市中央商城、中央大街、火车站等地租房设点。与大公司经销商签定代销合同，进入饭店、超市、连锁店。我们拟同外商合作，打入国际市场，2002年拟打进俄罗斯和东南亚市场，争取2009年拟打入欧美市场。我们将进行网上宣传，将通过电话台、广播、报纸做广告，打出我们自己的品牌。宣传重点为精炼植物油的营养与健康。4项目规划和厂址选择4.1项目规划4.1.1技术信托哈尔滨商业大学食品工程系多年来在的综合利用领域进行了深入细致的研究探索，解决了豆类制品脱腥、速深谷中，有效成分分离等一系列技术着急，并制成各类食品。牡丹江油脂厂已与哈尔滨商业大学食品工程系签订了合同，聘请该系的教授、副教授等专家学者做公司的特别顾问，因此，技术上有坚强的保障。4.1.2建立粗油精炼加工厂该厂以精炼毛油为主，再逐渐开发其它大豆产品。该加工厂的建设规模为日处理毛油25吨，日产精炼油20吨。4.1.3原材料及可供量的可行性。以前车间生产的毛油为主要原料。因在前期工作中，我厂已经扩展了大豆油处理车间，致使粗油产量由日处理150吨升到日处理250吨，所以保证原料来源，同时，可保证产品的质量。4.1.4项目发展的指导思想和遵循的原则指导思想：坚持改革开放的政策和方向，根据国家的消费政策，膳食结构调整的方向，以市场为导向，做广告高科技、资金投入、国家的政策和政府的大力支持、提高产品的质量、产品的档次，生产一批拳头产品，为国内国外两个市场开发、提供品质优良、营养均衡、品种、方便实惠、物美价廉的食品。遵循的原则：以市场为导向，以经济效益为中心，依托大专院校雄厚的技术力量，长远规划，分步实施，提高企业的全面素质，使产品上质量、上档次、上品种、上包装，使企业在市场的总体水平居于国内做广告地位，使企业在市场的变化面前应变能力强；发展拳头产品，向外向型经济转变，积极出口创汇；向产供销一条龙，科工贸一体化的大规模企业集团发展。4.2厂址选