2011年职称英语综合类B级试题及答案解析.docx

2011年职称英语综合类b级试题及答案解析一、词汇选项（第115题，每题1分，共15分）下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近选项。1 the high-speed trains can have a major impact on travel preferences.a forceb influencec surprised power2 can you follow the plot ？a changeb investigatec writed understand3 even in a highly modernized country ， manual work is still needed.a physicalb mentalc naturald hard4 in the latter case the outcome can be serious indeeda resultb judgmentc decisiond event5 norman blamey is an artist of deep convictions.a statementsb beliefsc suggestionsd claims6 up to now ， the work has been easy.a sob so longc so thatd so far7 the report advocated setting up day training colleges.a supposedb excitedc suggestedd discussed8 accordingly ， a number of other methods have been employeda thereforeb afterwardsc howeverd furthermore9 the outlook from the top of the mountain is breathtaking.a viewb sightc lookd point10 our lives are intimately bound up with theirs.a tenselyb nearlyc carefullyd closely11 the union representative put across her argument very effectively.explainedb inventedc consideredd accepted12 he talks tough but has a tender heart.a heavyb strongc kindd wild13 it is no use debating the relative merits of this policy.a makingb takingc discussingd expecting14 our statistics show that we consume all that we are capable ofproducinga wasteb buyc used sell15 the fuel tanks had a capacity of 140 liters.a functionb abilityc powerd volume2011年职称英语预测题(综合类b级)：阅读判断(第1622题，每题1分，共7分)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。如果该句提供的是正确信息，请在答题卡上把a涂黑;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请在答题卡上把b涂黑;如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把c涂黑。herculesonce upon a time there was a great greek hero, hercules. he was taller and stronger than anyone you have ever seen. on his shoulder he carried a club and in his hand he held a bow (弓). he was known as the hero of a hundred adventures.hercules served a king. the king was afraid of him. so again and again he sent him on difficult tasks. one morning the king sent for him and told him to fetch three golden apples for him from the garden of the singing maidens (歌女). but no one knew where the garden was.so hercules went away. he walked the whole day and the next day and the next. he walked for months before he saw mountains far in the distance one fine morning. one of the mountains was in the shape of a man, with long, long legs and arms and huge shoulders and a hug e head. he was holding up the sky. hercules knew it was atlas, the mountain god. so he asked him for help.atlas answered, my head and arms and shoulders all ache. could you hold up the sky while i fetch the golden apples for you?hercules climbed the mountain and shouldered the sky. soon the sky grew very heavy. when finally atlas came back with three golden apples, he said, well, you are going to carry the mountain for ever. im going to see the king with the apples. hercules knew that he couldnt fight him because of the sky on his back. so he shouted:just one minutes help. my shoulders are hurting. hold the sky for a minute while i make a cushion (垫子) for my shoulders.atlas believed him. he threw down the apples and held up the sky.hercules picked up the apples and ran back to see the king.16 hercules was the tallest man in the worlda right b wrong c not mentioned17 hercules worked in the kings gardena right b wrong c not mentioned18 hercules was given many difficult tasks because the king wanted to get rid of him.a right b wrong c not mentioned19 atlas was the giant who held up the sky.a right b wrong c not mentioned20 atlas ran faster than herculesa right b wrong c not mentioned21 atlas got the golden apples for hercules because he wanted to be the king himself.a right b wrong c not mentioned22 hercules finally managed to get the apples by defeating atlasa right b wrong c not mentioned 2011年职称英语预测题(综合类b级)：概括大意与完成句子(第2330题，每题1分，共8分)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第2326题要求从所给的6个选项中为第25段每段选择1个正确的小标题;(2)第2730题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上.successful language learners1 some people seem to have a knack for learning languages. they can pick up new vocabulary, master rules or grammar, and learn to write in the new language more quickly than others. they do not seem to be any more intelligent than others, so what makes language learning so much easier for them? perhaps if we take a close look at these successful language learners, we may discover a few of the techniques which make language learning easier for them.2 first of all, successful language learners are independent learners. they do not depend on the book or the teacher; they discover their own way to learn the language. instead of waiting for the teacher to explain, they try to find the patterns and the rules for themselves. they are good guessers who look for clues and form their own conclusions. when they guess wrong, they guess again. they try to learn from mistakes.3 successful language learning is active learning. therefore, successful learners do not wait for a chance to use the language; they look for such a chance. they find people who speak the language and they ask these people to correct them when they make a mistake. they will try anything to communicate. they are not afraid to repeat what they hear or to say strange things; they are willing to make mistakes and try again. when communication is difficult, they can accept information that is inexact or incomplete. it is more important for them to learn to think in the language than to know the meaning of every word.4 finally, successful language learners are learners with a purpose. they want to learn the language because they are interested in the language and the people who speak it. it is necessary for them to learn the language in order to communicate with these people and to learn from them. they find it easy to practice using the language regularly because they want to learn with it.5 what kind of language learner are you? if you are a successful language learner, you have probably been learning independently, actively, and purposefully. on the other hand, if your language learning has been less than successful, you might as well try some of the techniques outlined above.23 paragraph 1.24 paragraph 2.25 paragraph 3.26 paragraph 4.a ways to learn a language successfullyb learning a language purposefullyc learning a language activelyd learning a language independentlye learning from mistakesf learning to think in the target language27 successful language learners derive conclusions.28 independent language learners rely on themselves.29 active language learners seize every opportunity.30 the author w rote this text.a to discover sentence patterns and grammatical rulesb to expand vocabularyc to use the target languaged to encourage unsuccessful language learners to learn independently, actively and purposefullye from cluesf to say strange things 2011年职称英语预测题(综合类b级)：阅读理解(第3145题，每题3分，共45分)下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面都有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。第一篇weight on and off the earthwe are so used to our life on the surface of the earth that it can be quite an effort for our mind to break free of all the ideas that we take for granted. because we can feel that things are heavy, we think of weight as being a fixed quality in an object, but it is not really fixed at all. if you could take a one-pound packet of butter 4, 000 miles out from the earth, it would weigh only a quarter of a pound.why would things weigh only a quarter as much as they do at the surface of the earth if we took them 4,000 miles out into space? the reason is this: all objects have a natural attraction for all other objects; this is called gravitational attraction. but this power of attraction between two objects gets weaker as they get farther apart. when the butter was at the surface of the earth, it was 4,000 miles from the center. when we took the butter 4,000 miles out, it was 8,000 from the center, which is twice the distance. if you double the distance between two objects, their gravitational attracti on decreases two times two. if you treble the distance, it gets nine times weaker (three times three) and so on.so this is one of the first things we need to remember: that the weight of an object in space is not the same as its weight on the surface of the earth.what about the weight of our pound of butter on the surface of the moon? at the distance the pull of the earth is about 4,000 times smaller than it is here on the surface, so we can forget all about the earth-pull on our butter.on the other hand, on the moon there will be an attraction between the butter and the moon: but the butter will weigh only about one-sixth as much as it does on the earth. this is because the moon is so much smaller than the earth. the amount of gravitational pull that a body produces depends on the amount of material in it. a packet of butter has a gravitational pull of its own; but this is very small in relation to the pull of something as large as the moon, or the earth, or the sun.31 how much would four pounds of tea weigh if it was taken 4,000 miles out from the surface of the earth?a i pound.b 2 pounds.c 3 pounds,d 4 pounds.3 we find it hard to break free from ideas connected with living on the earth becausea it demands too great an effort for us to do so.b we are too familiar with the way things are to question the ideas.c we have proved that those ideas are correct.d we are so sure of ourselves that we never doubt anything on the earth.33 according to the passage, weight should be understood in the sense thata it is fixed if it is outside the earths gravitational pull.b it decreases four times when it is 4,000 miles from the earths center.c it varies with the change of the gravitational attraction between twoobjects.d things increase in amount as they are closer to the earths surface.34 we do not feel the gravitational pull of a packet of butter becausea it is too small to have a gravitational pull of its own.b its pull is so small that we tend to ignore it.c its pull disappears in the presence of the earths gravitation.d it tends to melt and loses its gravitational pull.35 the main idea of this passage isa different weight systems in different placesb freedom from traditional ideas.c traveling from the earth to the moon.d the effect of gravitation on weight.第二篇lifetime employment in japanese companiesin most large japanese companies, there is a policy of lifetime employment. what this means is that when people leave school or university to join an enterprise, they can expect to remain with that organization until they retire. in effect, the employee gets job security for life, and can only be fired for serious mistakes in work. even in times of business recession, he or she is free from the fear of being laid off.one result of this practice is that the japa nese worker identifies closely with his company and feels strong loyalty to it. by working hard for the company, he believes he is safeguarding his own future. it is not surprising that devotion to ones company is considered a great virtue in japan. a man is often prepared to put his firms interests before those of his immediate family.the job security guaranteed by this system influences the way employees approach their work. they tend to think in terms of what they can achieve throughout their career. this is because they are not judged on how they are performing during a short period of time. they can afford to take a longer perspective than their western counterparts.this marriage between the employee and the company - the consequence of lifetime employment - may explain why japanese workers seem positively to love the products their company is producing and why they are willing to stay on after work, for little overtime pay, to participate in earnest discussions about the quality control of their products.36 lifetime employment in the japanese company means that the employeea leaves his company only when business is bad.b gets a job soon after he leaves school or university.c can work there throughout his career.d can have his serious mistakes in work corrected.37 which of the following statements is incorrect?a family and company interests are equally importantb the japanese worker is very loyal to his compan y.c ones future is guaranteed through hard work.d devotion to ones company is encouraged.38 lifetime employment influences onesa achievements at work.b performance at work.c career options.d attitude toward work.39 the japanese worker is fond of his companys products because ofa his marriage with the daughter of the president.b the close link between him and his company.c his willingness to work overtime,d his active participation in quality control.41 he passage mainly discussesa how lifetime employment works in japan.b what benefits lifetime employment has brought to japanese workersc what lifetime employment is.d how lifetime employment is viewed.第三篇volcanoesthere are thousands of volcanoes (火山) all over the world. what makes volcanoes? what happens?the inside of the earth is very hot. because it is very, very hot, the rock has melted like ice. it has become liquid, like water. it is always boiling, like water in a kettle. if you have seen a kettle boiling, you know that the steam and boiling water try to get out. the very hot melted rock inside the earth also tries to get out. usually it cannot because the outside of the earth is too thick and strong.but in some places the outside of the earth is thin and weak. sometimes a crack appears. the hot melted rock, which we call lava (熔岩), pushes out through the crack and bursts through. ste 该文章转载自无忧考网：am and gas shoot up into the air and the hot melted lava pours out. big pieces of rock may be thrown high into the air.after a while the volcano becomes quiet again. the melted lava becomes hard. later the same thing happens again and again. each time more hot lava pours out on top of the cold lava and then becomes hard. in this way a kind of mountain is built up, with a hole down the middle. perhaps the volcano will then be quiet. perhaps it will start again hundreds of years later.vesuvius is the name of a very famous volcano in italy. it first came to life many, many years ago. it was quiet for hundreds of years. then in the year 79 it suddenly burst. a great cloud of smoke shot up into the sky with great burning rocks. hot lava poured down its sides. about 3,000 people were killed.this has happened again many times since that year. sometimes no damage was caused, or only little damage. but there was serious damage in the years 472, 1631, 1794, 1861, 1872 and 1906. you can see that a volcano can stay alive for many years. there was also serious damage in 1914 but there has not been any since that year.41 according to the passage, a volcano sends outa boiling water.b boiled water.c melted rock.d melted ice.42 lava bursts out where there isa a crack in the earth.b a mountain by the sea.c a big fire.d steam and gas.43 when lava cools, it becomesa liquid.b water.c smoke. d hard.44 according to the passage, vesuvius has caused serious damagea six times.b seven times.c eight times.d nine times.45 the phrase stay alive in the last paragraph can best be replaced bya burst out.b remain active.c come to life.d throw out lava. 2011年职称英语预测题(综合类b级)：补全短文(第4650题，每题2分，共10分)阅读下面的短文，文章中有5处空白，文章后面有6组文字，请根据文章的内容选择5组文字，将其分别放回文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。the building of the pyramidsthe oldest stone buildings in the world are the pyramids._(46). there are over eighty of them scattered along the banks of the nile, some of which are different in shape from the true pyramids. the most famous of these are the step pyramid and the bent pyramid.some of the pyramids still look much the same as they must have done when they were built thousands of years ago. most of the damage suffered by the others has been at the ha