2014年全国职称英语考试 理工类B级 阅读理解押题 综合李、王、孙等老师押题.pdf

第二十九篇：illillillill bebebebe bachbachbachbach composer daviddaviddaviddavid copecopecopecope(第 1 题关键词) is the inventor of a computer program that writes original works of classicalclassicalclassicalclassical musicmusicmusicmusic(第 1 题答案出处). it took cope 30 years to develop the software. nownownownow most people cant tell the difference 区别between music by the famous 著名的 german composer 作曲家 j. s. bach (1685-1750) and the bach-like 类似巴赫 compositions 作品, from copes computer. 作曲家大卫 科普发明了一个计算机软件， 它能编写出古典音乐的原创作品。 科普花 了 30 年才完成这个软件。现在，科普的计算机写出的作品与德国著名作曲家 j . s巴赫 写的作品很相似，很少有人能分辨出其中的不同。 it all started in 1980 in the united states, when copecopecopecope(第 2 题关键词) was trying totototo writewritewritewrite anananan operaoperaoperaopera( 第 2 题答 案出处). he was having trouble thinking of new melodies, so he wrote a computercomputercomputercomputer programprogramprogramprogram 程序 to create the melodies 旋律. at first this music was not easy to listen to. what did cope do? he began to rethink how human beings compose music. he realizedrealizedrealizedrealized that composerscomposerscomposerscomposers brainsbrainsbrainsbrains work like big databases. first, they take in all the music that they have ever heard. then they take out the music that they dislike. finally, they make new music from what is left. according to cope, only the greatgreatgreatgreat composerscomposerscomposerscomposers(第 3 题关键词) are able to createcreatecreatecreate thethethethe databasedatabasedatabasedatabase accurately,accurately,accurately,accurately, rememberrememberrememberremember it,it,it,it, andandandand formformformform newnewnewnew musical patterns 模式 fromfromfromfrom it.it.it.it. (第 3 题答案出处) 这一切始于 1980 年的美国，那时科普正在写一部歌剧，但是他无法创作出新的旋律， 于是他编写了一个计算机软件来帮他编曲。最开始的时候，软件写出的乐曲并不动听。科普 是怎么做的呢？他开始重新考虑人们作曲的方式。他想到作曲家的大脑就像一个大数据库， 他们先是吸收他们听过的所有音乐， 然后去除他们不喜欢的， 最后再根据留下的音乐来创作 出新的旋律。科普认为，只有伟大的作曲家才能建立好的数据库，并且能熟记于心，从而建立好的数据库，并且能熟记于心，从而 创作出新的音乐。创作出新的音乐。 cope built a huge database of existing music. he began with hundreds of works by bach. the software analyzed the data: it broke it down into smaller pieces and looked for patterns. it then combined the pieces into new patterns. before long, the program could compose short bach-like works. they werent good, but it was a start. 科普根据现有的音乐建立了庞大的数据库。 最开始的时候， 数据库包含了几百部巴赫的 作品。 科普的软件将这些数据进行分析： 首先它将音乐拆解成小的片段， 从中找出固定模式， 然后将片段组合成新的模式。不久，这个软件就能够写出和巴赫风格很像的小曲子。它们并 不完美，但这只是个开始。 cope knew he had more work to do - he had a whole opera to write. he continued to improve the software. soon it could analyze more complex music. he also added many other composers, including his own work ,to the database. 科普知道，他要做的还有很多 他得写出一整部歌剧。他进一步完善他的软件，不久 它就能够写出更复杂的音乐了。 他还在数据库中加人了一些其他作曲家的作品， 其中也包括 他自己的作品。 a few years later, copes computercomputercomputercomputer programprogramprogramprogram 程序(第 4 题答案出处), called “emmyemmyemmyemmy“(第 4 题关键词), was ready to help him with his opera. the process required a lot of collaboration between the composer and emmy. cope listened to the computers musical ideas and used the ones that he liked. with emmy, the opera took only two weeks to finish. it was called cradle falling, and it was a great success! cope received some of the best reviews of his career, but no one knew exactly how he had composed the work. 几年后， 科普的软件“艾米”已经能够帮助他创作歌剧了。 创作过程需要作曲家和艾米 共同配合。科普聆听艾米写出的音乐片段，从中选取他认为好的。有了艾米的帮助，科普只 用了两个星期就完成了这部歌剧，叫作摇篮坠落 。演出获得巨大成功，科普也得到了 他有生以来最高的评价，但是没有人知道他究竟是怎样创作出这部歌剧的。 since that first opera, emmy has written thousands of compositions. cope still gives emmyemmyemmyemmy feedback on what he likes and doesnt like of her music, butbutbutbut sheshesheshe is is is is doingdoingdoingdoing mostmostmostmost ofofofof thethethethe hardhardhardhard workworkworkwork ofofofof composingcomposingcomposingcomposing (第 5 题答案出处)these days! 从那以后，艾米已经写了上千部作品。科普现在依然会给艾米反馈，告诉她自己哪些音 乐是他喜欢的，哪些是不喜欢的，但是但是现在大部分的工作是由艾米来完成的！现在大部分的工作是由艾米来完成的！ 练习： 1. the music composed by daviddaviddaviddavid c c c copeopeopeope is about a) classicalclassicalclassicalclassical musicmusicmusicmusic 古典音乐 b) pop music 流行音乐 c) drama 戏剧 d) country music 乡村音乐 2. by developing a computercomputercomputercomputer softwaresoftwaresoftwaresoftware 软件, david copecopecopecope aimed a) to be like bach b) to study bach c) totototo writewritewritewrite anananan operaoperaoperaopera 歌剧 d) to create a musical database 数据库 3. what did cope realizerealizerealizerealize about a greatgreatgreatgreat 伟大的 composerscomposerscomposerscomposers brainbrainbrainbrain? a) it works like a big database. b) it writes a computer program. c) it cancancancan recognize 识别 anyanyanyany music patterns. d) it cancancancan createcreatecreatecreate melodiesmelodiesmelodiesmelodies.旋律 4. who is emmyemmyemmyemmy? a) a database b) a computercomputercomputercomputer softwaresoftwaresoftwaresoftware 软件 c) a composer who helped david d) an opera 5.wecan inferinferinferinfer 推断 from the passage that a) david cope is a computer programmer b) david cope loves music c) bachs music helped him a lot d) emmyemmyemmyemmy diddiddiddid muchmuchmuchmuch moremoremoremore workworkworkwork thanthanthanthan a a a a composercomposercomposercomposer 答案与题解：答案与题解： 1a 第一段的第一句：david cope 发明了一个可以编写出古典音乐的电脑软件。 2c 从第二段的第一句可以看出，david 编写电脑软件的目的是写歌剧。a、b 和 d 都 属于创作歌剧的一部分。 3d 第二段的后半部分讲的是伟大的歌剧作者与一般的歌剧作者的不同之处是通过对 数据进行准确的构建、记忆而后创作出新的音乐形式。 4b 从第五段第一句可知 emmy 是一计算机软件。 5d 从本文第一句可知 david 是一个作曲家，不是计算机程序员，所以排除 a；b、c 内容没有提及；从本文的第五段和第六段可知，emmy 大大提高了 david 的创作速度，最后 一句，大部分困难的工作都由 emmy 来做，所以作曲家只干一小部分工作。 提问答案 1. the music composed by david cope is about david cope 创作的音乐是有关于 2. by developing a computer software, david cope aimed 通过开发电脑软件，david cope 的 目标是 3. what did cope realize about a great composers brain? cope 认为伟大作曲家的大脑？ 4. who is emmy? 谁是 emmy？ 5.wecan infer from the passage that 通过文章可以推测出 1、classical music 古典音乐 2、to write an opera 写歌剧 3、it can create melodies. 能够创造旋律 4、a computer software 一种电脑软件 5、emmy did much more work than a composer emmy 所做的工作远多于作曲家 译文译文: : : : 我也能成为巴赫我也能成为巴赫 作曲家大卫 科普发明了一个计算机软件， 它能编写出古典音乐的原创作品。 科普花 了 30 年才完成这个软件。现在，科普的计算机写出的作品与德国著名作曲家 j . s巴赫 写的作品很相似，很少有人能分辨出其中的不同。 这一切始于 1980 年的美国，那时科普正在写一部歌剧，但是他无法创作出新的旋律， 于是他编写了一个计算机软件来帮他编曲。最开始的时候，软件写出的乐曲并不动听。科普 是怎么做的呢？他开始重新考虑人们作曲的方式。他想到作曲家的大脑就像一个大数据库， 他们先是吸收他们听过的所有音乐， 然后去除他们不喜欢的， 最后再根据留下的音乐来创作 出新的旋律。科普认为，只有伟大的作曲家才能建立好的数据库，并且能熟记于心，从而创 作出新的音乐。 科普根据现有的音乐建立了庞大的数据库。 最开始的时候， 数据库包含了几百部巴赫的 作品。 科普的软件将这些数据进行分析： 首先它将音乐拆解成小的片段， 从中找出固定模式， 然后将片段组合成新的模式。不久，这个软件就能够写出和巴赫风格很像的小曲子。它们并 不完美，但这只是个开始。 科普知道，他要做的还有很多 他得写出一整部歌剧。他进一步完善他的软件，不久 它就能够写出更复杂的音乐了。 他还在数据库中加人了一些其他作曲家的作品， 其中也包括 他自己的作品。 几年后， 科普的软件“艾米”已经能够帮助他创作歌剧了。 创作过程需要作曲家和艾米 共同配合。科普聆听艾米写出的音乐片段，从中选取他认为好的。有了艾米的帮助，科普只 用了两个星期就完成了这部歌剧，叫作摇篮坠落 。演出获得巨大成功，科普也得到了 他有生以来最高的评价，但是没有人知道他究竟是怎样创作出这部歌剧的。 从那以后，艾米已经写了上千部作品。科普现在依然会给艾米反馈，告诉她自己哪些音 乐是他喜欢的，哪些是不喜欢的，但是现在大部分的工作是由艾米来完成的！ 第十九篇第十九篇 musicalmusicalmusicalmusical音乐的 robotrobotrobotrobot机器人 companioncompanioncompanioncompanion伴侣 enhancesenhancesenhancesenhances提升 listenerlistenerlistenerlistener听众 experienceexperienceexperienceexperience体验 shimi, a musical companion developed开发by georgia techs技术学院center 中心for music technology技术, recommends songs, dances to the beat and keeps the music pumping based on基于 listener feedback反馈. （第4题答案出处）the smartphone-enabled, one-foot-tallone-foot-tallone-foot-tallone-foot-tall robotrobotrobotrobot（第1题答案出处 1）is billed as an interactiveinteractiveinteractiveinteractive 互动的“musical friend”.（第3题答案出题1） “shimi is designed to change the way that people enjoy and think about their music，” said professorprofessorprofessorprofessor gilgilgilgil weinberg,weinberg,weinberg,weinberg, thethethethe robotrobotrobotrobot s s s s creatorcreatorcreatorcreator. he will unveil the robot at the june 27th google i/o conference in san francisco. a band of three shimi robots will perform for guests, dancing in sync with music created in the lab and composed according to its movements. shimi is essentially a a a a dockingdockingdockingdocking stationstationstationstation withwithwithwith a a a a “brainbrainbrainbrain” poweredpoweredpoweredpowered bybybyby anananan androidandroidandroidandroid phonephonephonephone. once docked, the robot gainsgainsgainsgains thethethethe sensingsensingsensingsensing andandandand musicalmusicalmusicalmusical generationgenerationgenerationgeneration capabilitiescapabilitiescapabilitiescapabilities ofofofof thethethethe useruseruseruser s s s s mobilemobilemobilemobile devicedevicedevicedevice. in other words, if theres an “app” for that, shimi is ready. for instance, by using the phones camera and face-detecting software，shimi can follow a listener around the room and position its “ears”，or speakers, for optimal sound. another recognition feature is based on rhythm and tempo. if if if if thethethethe useruseruseruser tapstapstapstaps a a a a beatbeatbeatbeat, shimi analyzes it, scans the phones musical library and immediately playsplaysplaysplays the song that bestbestbestbest最好的matchesmatchesmatchesmatches（第2题答案出处） the suggestion. once the music starts，shimi dances to the rhythm. “many people think that robots are limited by their programming instructions, said music technology ph. d. candidate mason bretan. “shimishimishimishimi shows us that robots cancancancan bebebebe creativecreativecreativecreative andandandand interactiveinteractiveinteractiveinteractive. （第3题答案出题2） future apps in the works will allow the user to shake their head in disagreement or wave a hand in the air to alert shimi to skip to the next song or increase/decrease the volume. the robot will also have the capability to recommend new music based on the users song choices and provide feedback on the music play list. weinberg hopes other developers will be inspired to create more apps to expand shimis creative and interactive capabilities. “i believe that our center is ahead of a revolution that will see more robots in homes.” weinberg said. weinberg is in the process of commercializing shimi through an exclusive licensing agreement with georgia tech. weinberg hopes to make the robot available to consumers by the 2013 holiday season. “if if if if robotsrobotsrobotsrobots areareareare goinggoinggoinggoing totototo arrivearrivearrivearrive inininin homes,homes,homes,homes, wewewewe thinkthinkthinkthink thatthatthatthat theytheytheythey willwillwillwill bebebebe thisthisthisthis kindkindkindkind ofofofof machinesmachinesmachinesmachines- small,small,small,small, entertainingentertainingentertainingentertaining andandandand funfunfunfun，（第 5题答案出处）weinberg said. “they will enhance your life and pave the way for more intelligent service robots in our lives.” 本文的标题信息量很大，完全可以猜到全文将以“音乐机器人的特点，以及 它们如何服务人类”的主线进行论述。 练习： 1.which of the following is notnotnotnot truetruetruetrue according to the firstfirstfirstfirst threethreethreethree paragraphs? - 对错类 a shimi is a one-footone-footone-footone-foot- - - -talltalltalltall robotrobotrobotrobot. b shimi is the creator创造者of the musical companion. c shimi is a a a a dockingdockingdockingdocking stationstationstationstation withwithwithwith a a a a“ brainbrainbrainbrain” poweredpoweredpoweredpowered bybybyby anananan androidandroidandroidandroid phonephonephonephone. d shimi cancancancan gaingaingaingain thethethethe sensingsensingsensingsensing andandandand musicalmusicalmusicalmusical generationgenerationgenerationgeneration capabilitiescapabilitiescapabilitiescapabilities ofofofof thethethethe useruseruseruser s s s s mobilemobilemobilemobile devicedevicedevicedevice. 由于此对错题没有关键词，且涉及到文章前三段，排除范围会比较大。但可通过 选项中的醒目词反向定位关键词找到答案的位置，排除选项a、c。结合“有相 对性词往往是对的概念”，排除选项d。 2.what does shimi do if if if if thethethethe useruseruseruser tapstapstapstaps a a a a beatbeatbeatbeat? -细节类 a it stores the beat in the musical library. b it transmits the beat to the docking station. c it positions its speakers for optimal sound. d it selects a perfectlyperfectlyperfectlyperfectly完美的-matched-matched-matched-matched匹配的song and playsplaysplaysplays it in sync with that beat. 选项d与答案出处的原文是同义替换，不确定的情况下可借助字典排查 3.which of the following aboutaboutaboutabout shimishimishimishimi is truetruetruetrue? -对错类 a robots are limited by their programming instructions, and shimi is