iron_lady_撒切尔夫人.ppt

iron lady - margaret thatcher 1.brief introduction 2.early political career 3.leadership 4.victory in the eighties 5.the end of an era margaret hilda roberts was born on 13 october 1925 in grantham. daughter of a grocer. earn a degree in chemistry at the university of oxfords somerville college president of the student conservative association a research chemist denis :secondary education ; 11 years older than her ; once divorced; a successful business man support her died in 2003 for heart disease ;lonesome happiness happiness happiness 1959: the house of commons from 1964 to 1970, when labour were in power, she served in a number of positions in edward heaths shadow cabinet. 1970 to 1974 :minister of education and science 1975 the first woman leader of conservertive party 1979 : the first woman in britain to become prime minister 1982:leading britain to victory in the brief military dispute over the sovereignty of the falkland islands 1983 :general election won again with a majority of 144. 1987 :general election returned to power for a third time 1990 :challenged as leader of the conservative party; won the first round of the contest ,but the majority is not enough to prevent a second round, resigned as prime minister and was replaced by john major. left the house of commons soon afterwards ,entered the house of lordsas baroness thatcher of kesteven. in the 1979 general election, the conservatives came to power and thatcher became prime minister. she was an advocate of privatising state- owned industries and utilities, reforming trade unions, lowering taxes and reducing social expenditure across the board. thatchers policies succeeded in reducing inflation, but unemployment dramatically increased during her years in power. victory in the falklands war in 1982 and a divided opposition helped thatcher win a landslide victory in the 1983 general election. in the 1987 general election, thatcher won an unprecedented third term in office. but controversial policies, including the poll tax and her opposition to any closer integration with europe, produced divisions within the conservative party which led to a leadership challenge. in november 1990, she agreed to resign and was succeeded as party leader and prime minister by john major. in 1992, thatcher left the house of commons. she was appointed a peeress in the house of lords with the title of baroness thatcher of kesteven continued giving speeches and lectures across the world. after a series of minor strokes, baroness thatcher retired from public speaking in 2002. so what do her politcs affect the uk, how do they view her political career? margaret thatcher remains an intensely controversial figure in britain. there were some negative effects for her country in some aspects. “the broad thrust is devastating criticism of the police. is that for us to welcome? surely we welcome the thoroughness of the report and its recommendations? mt.” her cuts in higher education spending resulted in her being the first oxford- educated post-war prime minister not to be awarded an honorary doctorate by the university of oxford. the social market foundation, a right-wing think tank, described it as having “an extraordinary range of dictatorial powers“. gdp and public spending by functional classification % change in real terms 1979/80 to 1989/90 transport5.8 trade and industry38.2 housing67.0 defense3.3 as the recession of the early 1980s deepened she increased taxes, despite concerns expressed in a statement signed by 364 leading economists issued towards the end of march 1981. by 1982 the uk began to experience signs of economic recovery，unemployment was over 3 million for the first time since the 1930s. the new tax was introduced in scotland in 1989 and in england and wales the following year, and proved to be among the most unpopular policies of her premiership. shortly before her resignation, she accepted the arguments for privatising british rail, which her successor john major implemented in 1994. the economist later considered the move to have been “a disaster“ thatcher was no friend of the african national congress (anc), which geoffrey howe recalls her dismissing as lat