AIX6.1上安装Oracle-10g-R2-RAC.doc

AIX6.1上安装Oracle 10g R2 RAC以下是相关的步骤：1. 查看系统#unameAIX2. 查看版本#oslevel r3. 查看位数# /usr/bin/getconf HARDWARE_BITMODE64# bootinfo y# bootinfo -K4. 查看物理内存，至少1GB#lsattr -El sys0 -a realmemrealmem 33554432 Amount of usable physical memory in Kbytes False# prtconf -mMemory Size: 32768 MB5. 查看swap分区，一般设置如下：# lsps aPage Space Physical Volume Volume Group Size %Used Active Auto Type Chksumhd6 hdisk0 rootvg 512MB 2 yes yes lv 0# lsvg rootvgPP SIZE: 256 megabyte(s)# smitty chps# lsps -aPage Space Physical Volume Volume Group Size %Used Active Auto Type Chksumhd6 hdisk0 rootvg 24576MB 1 yes yes lv 06. 查看tmp空间，最少400M扩展操作系统的文件系统:# smitty jfs2#chfs a size=+2G /usr #扩展2G/ /usr /var /tmp 4G 创建存放数据库安装介质的文件系统 建议空间大小20G/soft rootvg创建存放数据库软件的文件系统 建议空间大小20G（考虑到后期升级）/u01/app/oracle rootvg （如果rootvg镜像，创建时选择copy数为2，并且选择rootvg中的两块磁盘）创建存放数据文件的文件系统/u01/app/oracle/oradata datavg(一般使用存储空间)如果有归档，闪回，创建相应的文件系统# df g /tmpFilesystem GB blocks Free %Used Iused %Iused Mounted on/dev/hd3 4.00 3.99 1% 81 1% /tmp7. 检查补丁包A：查看FIX:：# lslpp -l bos.adt.base bos.adt.lib bos.adt.libm bos.perf.perfstat bos.perf.libperfstat ctools xlC.aix61.rte xlC.rte Fileset Level State Description -Path: /usr/lib/objrepos bos.adt.base COMMITTED Base Application Development Toolkit bos.adt.lib COMMITTED Base Application Development Libraries bos.adt.libm COMMITTED Base Application Development Math Library bos.perf.libperfstat COMMITTED Performance Statistics Library Interface bos.perf.perfstat COMMITTED Performance Statistics Interface ctools COMMITTED Proc Filesystem Tools xlC.aix61.rte COMMITTED XL C/C+ Runtime for AIX 6.1 xlC.rte COMMITTED XL C/C+ Runtime Path: /etc/objrepos bos.adt.base COMMITTED Base Application Development Toolkit bos.perf.libperfstat COMMITTED Performance Statistics Library Interface bos.perf.perfstat COMMITTED Performance Statistics注1： 如果是EMC存储，则需要EMC.Symmetrix.aix.rte EMC.Symmetrix.fcp.rte注2：rsct.basic.rte pat.clients.rte bos.cifs_fs.rte 官方文档没有提到# lslpp -l OpenGL.OpenGL_X.adt.include OpenGL.OpenGL_X.adt.samples OpenGL.OpenGL_X.rte.base OpenGL.OpenGL_X.rte.soft bos.iconv.ucs.Zh_CN Fileset Level State Description -Path: /usr/lib/objrepos OpenGL.OpenGL_X.adt.include COMMITTED OpenGL Application Development Toolkit Include Files OpenGL.OpenGL_X.adt.samples COMMITTED OpenGL Application Development Toolkit Samples OpenGL.OpenGL_X.rte.base COMMITTED OpenGL Base Runtime Environment OpenGL.OpenGL_X.rte.soft COMMITTED OpenGL Soft Runtime Environment bos.iconv.ucs.Zh_CN COMMITTED Unicode Converters for Simplified Chinese (GB18030)B：查看APAR:# instfix -i -k IZ10223 All filesets for IZ10223 were found. 8. 修改/etc/hosts文件，这里一定要注意：系统主机名不能出现在环路地址中# cat /etc/hosts loopback localhost # loopback (lo0) name/address12 rac2013 rac12 rac20-vip13 rac1-vip12 rac20-priv13 rac1-priv9. 设置安装路径ORACLE_BASE: /u01/app/oracle# mkdir -p /u01/app/oracleCRS_HOME: /u01/crs/oracle/product/10.2/crs# mkdir -p /u01/crs/oracle/product/10.2/crs10. 建立用户组、用户查看用户组、用户:# lsgroup -a id ALL# lsuser -a id ALL建立用户组:（smitty security）mkgroup -A id=201 oinstallmkgroup -A id=202 dba建立用户:（smitty security）# useradd -u 202 -g oinstall -G dba -d /u01/app/oracle oracle# passwd oracle（注：确保2个节点gid,uid必须相同）# id nobodyuid=4294967294(nobody) gid=4294967294(nobody)(注：如果nobody用户不存在，则必须创建)11. 修改安装路径权限chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/appchmod -R 775 /u01/appchown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/crs/oraclechmod -R 775 /u01/crs/oraclechown root:oinstall /u01/crschmod 775 /u01/crschown root:oinstall /u01/u01的用户是root:oinstall安装crs的时候在运行脚本root.sh之前将crs_home的所有父目录全部设置为只有root用户具有写权限12. 节点信任关系root用户和oracle用户的主目录下面的.rhosts文件:root用户:rac20rootrac1rootrac20-privrootrac1-privrootrac20-viprootrac1-viprootoracle用户:rac20oraclerac1oraclerac20-privoraclerac1-privoraclerac20-viporaclerac1-viporacleroot用户和oracle用户用rolgin进行测试 注：在oracle用户下第一次rlogin提示输入密码，然后改成新密码，以后rlogin不需要输入密码。rcp 命令测试: rcp (-r) /.rhosts rac2:/用rsh命令测试，如果能显示出时间表示配置成功13. 内核、网络参数查看用户限制: # ulimit -a更改用户限制 /etc/security/limits（smitty security）chuser rss=-1 oraclechuser data=-1 oraclechuser stack=-1 oraclechuser fsize=-1 oraclechuser core=-1 oraclechuser nofiles=-1 oraclechuser fsize=-1 root# smitty chgsys 更改maxuproc 2048Maximum number of PROCESSES allowed per user 2048 （#chdev -l sys0 -a maxuproc=2048）修改网络参数: 判断是否是compatibility模式: # usr/sbin/lsattr -E -l sys0 -a pre520tunepre520tune disable Pre-520 tuning compatibility mode True 如果是compatibility模式,用下面命令修改:# /usr/sbin/no -o parameter_name=value 如果不是compatibility模式,用下面命令修改:# /usr/sbin/no -r -o ipqmaxlen=value 该参数特殊# /usr/sbin/no -p -o parameter=value 其他的参数脚本(compatibility是true的情况):vmo -p -o lru_file_repage=0vmo -p -o strict_maxclient=0vmo -p -o maxfree=4000vmo -p -o minfree=3000vmo -p -o maxclient%=20vmo -p -o maxperm%=20vmo -p -o minperm%=10 /usr/sbin/no -r -o ipqmaxlen=512 /usr/sbin/no -p -o sb_max=1351680/usr/sbin/no -p -o udp_sendspace=135168/usr/sbin/no -p -o udp_recvspace=1351680/usr/sbin/no -p -o tcp_sendspace=65536/usr/sbin/no -p -o tcp_recvspace=65536/usr/sbin/no -p -o rfc1323=1# vmo -p -o lru_file_repage=0Modification to restricted tunable lru_file_repage, confirmation required yes/no yesSetting lru_file_repage to 0 in nextboot fileSetting lru_file_repage to 0Warning: a restricted tunable has been modified# vmo -p -o strict_maxclient=0Modification to restricted tunable strict_maxclient, confirmation required yes/no yesSetting strict_maxclient to 0 in nextboot fileSetting strict_maxclient to 0Warning: a restricted tunable has been modified# vmo -p -o maxfree=4000Setting maxfree to 4000 in nextboot fileSetting maxfree to 4000# vmo -p -o minfree=3000Setting minfree to 3000 in nextboot fileSetting minfree to 3000# vmo -p -o maxclient%=20Modification to restricted tunable maxclient%, confirmation required yes/no yesSetting maxclient% to 20 in nextboot fileSetting maxclient% to 20Warning: a restricted tunable has been modified# vmo -p -o maxperm%=20Modification to restricted tunable maxperm%, confirmation required yes/no yesSetting maxperm% to 20 in nextboot fileSetting maxperm% to 20Warning: a restricted tunable has been modified# vmo -p -o minperm%=10 Setting minperm% to 10 in nextboot fileSetting minperm% to 10# /usr/sbin/no -r -o ipqmaxlen=512Setting ipqmaxlen to 512 in nextboot fileWarning: changes will take effect only at next reboot# /usr/sbin/no -p -o sb_max=1351680Setting sb_max to 1351680Setting sb_max to 1351680 in nextboot file# /usr/sbin/no -p -o udp_sendspace=135168Setting udp_sendspace to 135168Setting udp_sendspace to 135168 in nextboot fileChange to tunable udp_sendspace, will only be effective for future connections# /usr/sbin/no -p -o udp_recvspace=1351680Setting udp_recvspace to 1351680Setting udp_recvspace to 1351680 in nextboot fileChange to tunable udp_recvspace, will only be effective for future connections# /usr/sbin/no -p -o tcp_sendspace=65536Setting tcp_sendspace to 65536Setting tcp_sendspace to 65536 in nextboot fileChange to tunable tcp_sendspace, will only be effective for future connections# /usr/sbin/no -p -o tcp_recvspace=65536Setting tcp_recvspace to 65536Setting tcp_recvspace to 65536 in nextboot fileChange to tunable tcp_recvspace, will only be effective for future connections# /usr/sbin/no -p -o rfc1323=1Setting rfc1323 to 1Setting rfc1323 to 1 in nextboot fileChange to tunable rfc1323, will only be effective for future connections14. 时间同步修改时区：# echo $TZ Asia/Shanghai# chtz BEIST-8修改完毕后需要重启时间同步: 如果有时间同步服务器的化,两台机器都是客户端; 如果没有时间同步服务器的化,两台机器一台作为服务端,一台作为客户端.服务端设置:# vi /etc/ntp.confserver prefer #表示本机driftfile /etc/ntp.drift tracefile /etc/ntp.trace其他的都需要注释掉# smit xntpdStart Both启动约10分钟后，再启动client端。客户端设置:# vi /etc/ntp.confserver server_ip prefer #server_ip是服务端的ipserver 12 preferdriftfile /etc/ntp.drift tracefile /etc/ntp.trace其他的都需要注释掉# smit xntpdStart Both15. 异步IO AIX6不需要了# smitty aioSTATE to be configured at system restart - available16. 配置磁盘将两台机器上面相同的设备名对应相同的磁盘: 查看磁盘号: lscfg #lscfg |grep hd 查看磁盘的主号和次号: ls -l /dev |grep hd 创建别名: mknod /dev/ocr_disk c 4 2 c表示字符设备 4表示主号 2表示次号mknod /dev/ocr_disk c 25 4mknod /dev/vote_disk c 25 6mknod /dev/asm_disk1 c 25 5mknod /dev/asm_disk2 c 25 7 清除pvid: chdev -l hdiskpower2 -a pv=clear修改磁盘属性(这些命令不能是带r的或者别名): 查看磁盘属性: lsattr -El hdiskpower2 修改磁盘并发读写: chdev -l hdiskpower2 -a reserve_lock=no (reserve_policy=no_reserve) 修改队列深度: (HDS存储) chdev -l hdiskpower2 -a queue_depth=16# lsattr -El hdisk4PCM PCM/friend/fcpother Path Control Module Falsealgorithm fail_over Algorithm Trueclr_q no Device CLEARS its Queue on error Truedist_err_pcnt 0 Distributed Error Percentage Truedist_tw_width 50 Distributed Error Sample Time Truehcheck_cmd test_unit_rdy Health Check Command Truehcheck_interval 0 Health Check Interval Truehcheck_mode nonactive Health Check Mode Truelocation Location Label Truelun_id 0x0 Logical Unit Number ID Falselun_reset_spt yes LUN Reset Supported Truemax_retry_delay 60 Maximum Quiesce Time Truemax_transfer 0x40000 Maximum TRANSFER Size Truenode_name 0x50060e80056dc817 FC Node Name Falsepvid none Physical volume identifier Falseq_err yes Use QERR bit Trueq_type simple Queuing TYPE Truequeue_depth 1 Queue DEPTH Truereassign_to 120 REASSIGN time out value Truereserve_policy single_path Reserve Policy Truerw_timeout 30 READ/WRITE time out value Truescsi_id 0x3b000c SCSI ID Falsestart_timeout 60 START unit time out value Trueunique_id 240C50 06DC8FE0E06OPEN-V07HITACHIfcp Unique device identifier Falseww_name 0x50060e80056dc817 FC World Wide Name False# chdev -l hdisk4 -a reserve_policy=no_reservehdisk8 changed# chdev -l hdisk4 -a queue_depth=16hdisk8 changed# lsattr -El hdisk4PCM PCM/friend/fcpother Path Control Module Falsealgorithm fail_over Algorithm Trueclr_q no Device CLEARS its Queue on error Truedist_err_pcnt 0 Distributed Error Percentage Truedist_tw_width 50 Distributed Error Sample Time Truehcheck_cmd test_unit_rdy Health Check Command Truehcheck_interval 0 Health Check Interval Truehcheck_mode nonactive Health Check Mode Truelocation Location Label Truelun_id 0x0 Logical Unit Number ID Falselun_reset_spt yes LUN Reset Supported Truemax_retry_delay 60 Maximum Quiesce Time Truemax_transfer 0x40000 Maximum TRANSFER Size Truenode_name 0x50060e80056dc817 FC Node Name Falsepvid none Physical volume identifier Falseq_err yes Use QERR bit Trueq_type simple Queuing TYPE Truequeue_depth 16 Queue DEPTH Truereassign_to 120 REASSIGN time out value Truereserve_policy no_reserve Reserve Policy Truerw_timeout 30 READ/WRITE time out value Truescsi_id 0x3b000c SCSI ID Falsestart_timeout 60 START unit time out value Trueunique_id 240C50 06DC8FE0E06OPEN-V07HITACHIfcp Unique device identifier Falseww_name 0x50060e80056dc817 FC World Wide Name False修改磁盘用户和权限: chown oracle:oinstall /dev/ocr_disk chown oracle:oinstall /dev/vote_disk chown oracle:oinstall /dev/asm_disk1 chmod 660 /dev/*_disk* (安装完crs后自行root.sh后会修改ocr的磁盘用户)检查磁盘并发读写并清空磁盘内容: dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/ocr_disk bs=8192 count=25000 & (两台机器同时执行)查看磁盘内容的命令(安装完之后可以用该命令查看): lquerypv h /dev/ocr_disk17. .profile$ cat .bash_profilePATH=/usr/java5/bin:usr/java5/jre/bin:/usr/bin:/etc:/usr/sbin:/usr/ucb:/usr/local/bin:$HOME/bin:/usr/bin/X11:/sbin:.export PATHif -s $MAIL # This is at Shell startup. In normalthen echo $MAILMSG # operation, the Shell checksfi # periodicallyumask 022set -o viexport ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracleexport AIXTHREAD_SCOPE=Sexport TEMP=/tmpexport TMP=/tmpexport TMPDIR=/tmpexport ORA_CRS_HOME=/u01/crs/oracle/product/10.2/crsexport ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/10.2/db_1export CRS_HOME=$ORA_CRS_HOMEexport ORA_ASM_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/10.2/asmexport LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:$ORA_CRS_HOME/lib:$ORA_ASM_HOME/lib:$ORACLE_HOME/lib32:$ORA_CRS_HOME/lib32:$ORA_ASM_HOME/lib32#export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib32:$ORA_CRS_HOME/lib32:$ORACLE_HOME/lib:$ORA_CRS_HOME/lib:$ORA_ASM_HOME/lib:$ORA_ASM_HOME/lib32export LIBPATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATHexport PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$ORA_CRS_HOME/bin:$ORA_ASM_HOME/bin:$PATHexport ORACLE_SID=orcl1export NLS_LANG=American_America.UTF8.dtprofile去掉最后一行前面的 #（注：节点2把”export ORACLE_SID= orcl1”改成” export ORACLE_SID= orcl2”）18. Identifying an Existing Oracle Base Directory# more /var/opt/oracle/oraInst.loc/var/opt/oracle/oraInst.loc: A file or directory in the path name does not exist.If the oraInst.loc file exists, then the output from this command is similar to the following:inventory_loc=/u01/app/oracle/oraInventoryinst_group=oinstall# more /etc/oratab/etc/oratab: A file or directory in the path name does not exist.If the oratab file exists, then it contains lines similar to the following:*:/u03/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1:N*:/opt/orauser/infra_904:N*:/oracle/9.2.0:NNote:If possible, choose a directory path similar to the first (/u03/app/oracle). This path complies with the OFA guidelines.19. Clusterware安装1.以unzip命令解压clusterware软件，赋予正确的权限和属主，再以oracle身份登陆进行图形界面安装# cd /soft# chown -R oracle:oinstall clusterware# chmod -R 777 clusterware2.运行Exceed3.打开图形到本地# export DISPLAY=95:0.04.在安装之前oracle用户下要检查当前的环境，有一些软件包缺失类的报错可以忽略# su - oracle$ cd /soft/clusterware/cluvfy$ ./runcluvfy.sh stage -pre crsinst -n OADB1,OADB2 verbosecluvfy comp crs -n node-1,node-2 -verbosecluvfy stage -pre crsinst -n node-1,node-2 -verbosecluvfy stage -pre dbinst -n node1,node2 -verbose.与VIP 查找一组适合的接口有关，错误信息如下：错误信息如下：ERROR:Could not find a suitable set of interfaces for VIPs.这是一个bug，Metalink中有详细说明，doc.id:338924.1，如说明中所述，可以忽略该错误，没什么问