大学英语视听说3听力原文翻译Unit-3.doc

Unit 3II. Basic Listening Practice1. ScriptW: Chinese students are often too shy to say anything in class.M: I think they dont speak because their culture values modesty，and they dont want to be showing off. Goes back to Confucius.Q: Why dont Chinese students say in class according to the man?C) They are modest.W：中国学生往往羞于说话在课上。M：我想他们不说话是因为他们的文化价值观的谦虚，他们不想炫耀。回归到孔子。问：为什么没有中国学生在课堂上说话？C）他们是温和的。2. ScriptW: The government is doing something at last about sex discrimination in the work place. Women deserve the same pay as men for the same work.M: Yeah. In the United States, women earn only 70 percent of what men get for the same job. Its a situation that has to be changed.Q: What does the man say about the women? A) They earn less than men.W：政府现在在做的事情，工作场所的性别歧视。女人的付出男人一样。M：是的。在美国，同样的工作妇女的工资只有男性的百分之70。这一情况已经有所改变。问：什么人说的女人？一）他们的收入比男性少。3. ScriptW: I admire Michael Dell. He had a dream to be the worlds largest manufacture of personal computers, and he has realized that dream.M: And he dropped out of university to become a success. I wonder if there is a lesson in that.Q: What do we learn about Michael Dell from the dialog? D) He succeeded in his career though he did not complete his education. W：我很佩服迈克尔戴尔。他有一个梦想，成为世界最大的个人电脑制造商，他已经实现了这一梦想。男：他从大学退学成为一名成功的商人。我怀疑这是一个教训。问：从对话中我们了解了迈克尔戴尔什么？D）虽然他没有完成他的教育但是他的职业生涯是成功的。4. ScriptM: Successful entrepreneurs are often self-made people who have a vision and know where they are going.W: But do they enjoy life like you and me, or is money their only concern?Q: What are the two speakers attitudes toward successful entrepreneurs? D) The man admires the entrepreneur but the woman does not.男：成功的企业家往往是自制的有理想的人，知道他们要去的地方。W：但他们享受生活，就像你和我，或是他们只关心钱？问：两人对于成功的企业家的态度是什么？D）男人钦佩企业家但女人不。5. ScriptW: Do you agree that equal opportunity for all in an educational system is important？M: Yes, but we have to recognize that all of us are not of equal ability.Q: What does the man imply？A) We should acknowledge differences between students.女：你是否同意在教育中的所有平等的机会是很重要的？M：是的，但我们必须承认，不是所有人都有相同的能力。问：这个男人是什么意思？一）我们应该承认学生的差异。III. Listening InTask 1: Competition in AmericaScriptAlan: What are you reading, Eliza?Eliza: An article on America competition.Alan: Competition is everywhere. Why so much fuss about it, Miss Knowledge?Eliza: Dont make fun of me. According to the author, competition is especially important in American life. Theyre taught to complete from early childhood. When children play games, they learn how to beat others.Alan: And many girls want to look more attractive than the girls sitting next to them in class. Do you think that way?Eliza: Dont be silly. Lets get back to the point. When children are growing up, they complete with one another in their studies.Alan: Isnt that also true of students in other nations? As we all know, many Asian students would kill for a high test score and grab every opportunity to sharpen their competitive edge over others.Eliza: American boys find great pleasure in competing with each other in sports, according to the author.Alan: I do like sports. When our football team beats the other team, I feel great makes me want to shout out loud. But isnt that normal throughout the world?Eliza: American people also compete with each other at work and at climbing the social ladder.Alan: But theres such competition in other countries as well.Eliza: Youre right in a sense, but the author says the idea of competing is more deeply rooted in the minds of Americans. Theyre even taught that if you lose and dont feel hurt, there must be something wrong with you.Alan: I hear that some Asians put emphasis on cooperation. Which approach do you think makes more sense?Eliza: Its hard to say. Anyway, its just culture difference.艾伦：艾丽莎你在读什么？艾丽沙：关于美国竞争的文章。艾伦：竞争无处不在。为什么如此小题大做，妇人之见？艾丽沙：别取笑我。根据作者的观点，美国生活中的竞争是非常重要的。他们被教育从早期孩童时期。孩子玩游戏时，他们学会了如何打败别人。艾伦：许多女孩会比在课堂上的女孩更具吸引力。你认为呢？艾丽沙：别傻了。让我们回到点上。在孩子成长的过程中，他们要打败其他学生在他们学习上。艾伦：那不是真实的在其他国家的学生？我们都知道，许多亚洲学生梦寐以求的高分成绩，抓住每一个机会来提高他们的竞争优势。艾丽沙：美国男孩与体育相互竞争找到很大的乐趣，根据作者所说。艾伦：我也喜欢运动。当我们的足球队击败其他球队，我感到非常我想大声喊出来。那不是很正常的吗？艾丽沙：美国人们彼此在工作和攀登社会阶梯竞争。艾伦：但是在其他国家也是这样的竞争。艾丽沙：你的直觉是对的，但作者说竞争理念更是深深扎根于美国人的心目中。他们甚至告诉我们，如果你输了，不要伤心，一定你有些地方做错了。艾伦：我听说有些亚洲人强调合作。哪种方法你觉得更有意义？艾丽沙：很难说。无论如何，这只是文化差异。Question and key:1. What is the dialog mainly about?C) Varies aspects of American competition.2. What is the woman reading?A) Reading an article on American competition.3. What do children learn from playing games according to the woman?C) Competitiveness.4. What does the man say about Asian and American students?B) Competition exacts among both Asian and American students.5. What does the woman think more sense, competition or cooperation?D) Its difficult to arrive at a definite conclusion.1。对话的主要内容是什么？C）美国竞争方面的变化。2。女的阅读是什么？一）阅读一篇关于美国竞争的文章。3。什么孩子玩游戏根据女人学？c）竞争力。4。男人说亚洲和美国的学生的什么？b）关于亚洲和美国学生的竞争要求。5。女方认为更有意义的东西是竞争还是合作？D）到达一个明确的结论是困难的。Task2: Americans work ethicScript and keyFor 400 years or more, one thing has been a characteristic of Americans. It is called their“work ethic”. Its (S1) roots were in the teachings of the Christian Puritans who first settled in (S2) what is now the northeastern state of Massachusetts. They believed that it was their (S3) moral duty to work at every task to please God by their (S4) diligence, honesty, attention to details, skill, and attitude. To these Puritans, it was a (S5) sin to be lazy or to do less than your best in any task. They and later Americans tried to follow Bibles (S6) teachings, “If a man will not work, he shall not eat.”Therefore, American have for (S7) centuries believed that they were guilty of sin if they did not work carefully and hard as they could when they did anything. God would punish those who were careless or lazy in their work. (S8) Even as children they were taught, “If its worth doing at all, its worth doing well.”But some people have gone beyond the usual sense of diligence. They are especially attracted to the notion of “ climbing the ladder” so as to increase their status, financial position, and sense of self-worth.(S9) In English a new word has been created to describe people who work compulsively. The word “workaholic”describes an individual who is as addicted to work as an alcoholic is to alcohol.They are conflicting points of view about workaholics. Those concerned with problems of mental stress believe workaholics abuse themselves physically and mentally. (S10) Others hold that workaholics are valuable members of society because they are extremely productive. The American culture values achievement, efficiency, and production, and a workaholics upholds those values.400年或以上，有一件事是美国人的特点。它被称为他们的“职业道德”。其根在基督教清教徒最初定居在现在的马萨诸塞州东北部的教义。他们认为这是在每一个任务的工作请神以他们的勤劳，他们的道德责任，诚信，注重细节，技巧，和态度。这些清教徒，这是懒惰或做不到你的任何任务最好的赎罪。他们和后来的美国人试图遵循圣经的教导，“如果一个人不工作，他不可以吃饭。”因此，美国有几个世纪以来认为他们有罪如果他们没有认真和努力工作，他们可以当他们做什么。上帝会惩罚那些在工作中粗心大意或懒惰的人。甚至连孩子都被教导，“如果值得做，就值得做好。”但有些人已经超越了通常意义上的勤奋。它们特别喜欢“爬梯子”，以提高他们的地位，金融地位的观念，和自我价值感。在英国一个新的词被用来形容那些强迫人。“工作狂”来形容一个人沉迷于工作，酒精是酒精。它们是相互矛盾的观点，工作狂。那些关注精神压力问题，认为工作狂滥用自己的身体和精神。有人认为工作狂是有价值的社会成员因为他们是非常富有成效的。美国文化价值观的成就，效率，生产，和一个工作狂坚持这些价值观。Task3: Cross-cultural tips on doing businessScriptCountries from around the globe, such as Germany, the U.S., the U.K., and Russia, conduct a lot of business in China-the biggest market in the world. Here are some tips to help you deal more successfully with people from those nations.Firstly, you must be punctual with the Germans. Being even five minutes late makes a poor impression. Being punctual is also very important with Americans and the British. But while its important to be on time for business meetings, nobody expects you to be punctual for a social event. Half past seven is really means a quarter to eight, or even eight oclock! With Russians, always be on time, but dont be surprised if your Russian contact is very late! It is not unusual for them to be one or even two hours late!In the business environments of those four countries, it is best to wear formal clothes of dark colors. In Russia, designer clothes are rather common. However, dont be surprised if you go to an office in the U.K., on a Friday and find everyone wearing jeans. Many companies in the U.K. have “dress down Fridays”, when people wear casual attire.In conversation, the British and the Americans love humor and talking about sports. The weather is also a good topic of conversation with the British, but you should avoid political talk. With the Russians, say positive things about their country, and avoid making complaints. The Germans, however, prefer to get straight down to business!Remember that with the Germans, once a deal has been agreed upon, you cant change it! With the Americans, money is more important than relationships, whereas with Russians its important to get to know your contacts well. Also, dont be surprised if a British meeting seems like a chaos, with everyone participating and giving opinions! Remember these tips and you will be on your way to a successful international career.来自世界各地的国家，如德国，美国，英国，俄罗斯，在中国这个世界上最大的市场进行大量的业务。这里有一些技巧来帮助你更成功地与来自这些国家的人。首先，你必须准时与德国人。即使五分钟也会产生不良的印象。守时是十分重要对于美国人和英国。虽然在商务会议的时间是很重要的，但是没有人指望你准时参加社交活动。七半是真的意味着7.45，甚至八点！俄罗斯人，永远是对的时候，不要感到惊讶，如果你的俄罗斯接触非常晚！这是不寻常的他们是一个甚至两个小时了！在这四个国家的商业环境，最好是穿正式的衣服深的颜色。在俄罗斯，设计师的衣服是很常见的。然而，如果你去英国办事处，不要惊讶，在一个星期五，发现大家都穿着牛仔裤。在英国，许多公司“星期五便装日”，当人们穿便装。在谈话中，英国人和美国人喜欢幽默和谈论体育。天气也和英国人交谈的好话题，但你应该避免谈论政治。在俄罗斯，说他们国家的正面的东西，并避免投诉。德国人，然而，更喜欢直接业务！记住，德国人，一旦交易达成，你不能改变它！与美国人的关系，比钱更重要，而俄罗斯人了解你的接触是很重要的。同时，如果一个英国的会议似乎是一个混沌不要惊讶，每个人都参与并提供意见！记住这些提示，你会对你这样一个成功的国际职业生涯。D A D A C Further listening and speakingListening Task2: Our personal spaceScriptOur personal space, that piece of the universe we occupy and call our own, is contained within an invisible boundary surrounding our body. As the owners of this area, we usually decide who may enter and who may not. When our space is invaded, we react in a variety of ways. We back up and retreat, stand our ground as our hands become moist from nervousness, or sometimes even react violently. Our response shows not only our unique personality, but also our cultural background.For example, cultures that stress individualism such as England, the United States, Germany, and Australia, generally demand more space than collective cultures do, and tend to aggressive when their space is invaded. The idea of space is quite different from the one found in the Mexican and Arab cultures. In Mexico, the physical distance between people when engaged in conversation is closer than what is usual north of the border. And for Middle Easterners, typical Arab conversations are at close arrange. Closeness cannot be avoided.As is the case with most of our behavior, our use of space is directly linked to the value system of our culture. In some Asian cultures, for example, employees do not stand near their bosses; the extended distance demonstrates respect. Extra interpersonal distance is also part of the cultural experience of the people of Scotland and Sweden, for whom it reflects privacy. And in Germany, private space is scared.T F T F F我们的个人空间，这片空间我们占据，称自己的，包含周围的身体无形的边界内。作为一个区域的主人，我们通常决定谁可以进入，谁不。当我们的空间受到侵犯，我们会用各种各样的方式。我们堵塞，撤退，站在自己的土地上，我们的手变得潮湿因为紧张，有时甚至剧烈反应。我们的反应，不仅显示了我们独特的个性，而且我们的文化背景。例如，文化，如英国强调个人主义，美国，德国，澳大利亚，需求通常比集体文化要有更大的空间，并且倾向于攻击当他们的空间受到侵犯。空间观念是由一个在墨西哥和阿拉伯文化完全不同。在墨西哥，人们之间的物理距离在谈话比平时更接近北方边境是什么。和中东人，典型的阿拉伯对话是近安排。封闭性是无法避免的。是我们的行为的情况下，我们使用的空间是直接关系到我们的文化价值体系。在一些亚洲文化，例如，员工不站在他们的老板旁边；距离表示尊重。额外的人际距离也对苏格兰和瑞典人的文化体验的一部分，因为它反映了隐私。在德国，私人空间是害怕。Task3: We dont know what to do with them.A Russian, a Cuban, an American businessman, and an American lawyer were passengers on a fast train speeding across the French countryside. As time wore on, they gradually became friendly with one another, introducing themselves and shaking hands. Eventually, the Russian took out a large bottle of vodka and poured each of his traveling companions a drink. Just as the American businessman was sipping the vodka and praising its fine quality, the Russian hurled the half-full bottle out of the open window.“What did you do that for?” asked the startled American businessman.“Vodka is plentiful in my country,” said the Russian. “In fact, we have thousands and thousands of liters of it-far more than we need.”The American businessman shook his head and leaned in his seat, obviously baffled by the Russians reasoning .A little later, the young Cuban passed around a box of fine Havana cigars. The men enjoyed this treat and made admiring remarks about the pleasure of smoking good Havana cigars. At that very moment the Cuban took a couple of puffs of his cigar and then tossed it out of the open window.“I thought the Cuban economy was not good this year,” the American businessman said, “Yet you t