投资学期末题库答案和分析(一).docx

TUTORIAL SESSION 01CHAPTER 011. Discuss the agency problem.2. Discuss the similarities and differences between real and financial assets. 3. Discuss the following ongoing trends as they relate to the field of investments: globalization, financial engineering, securitization, and computer networks.CHAPTER 02Use the following to answer questions 1 to 3:Consider the following three stocks:1.The price-weighted index constructed with the three stocks is A)30 B)40 C)50 D)60 E)70 Answer: B Difficulty: Easy Rationale: ($40 + $70 + $10)/3 = $40.2.The value-weighted index constructed with the three stocks using a divisor of 100 is A)1.2 B)1200 C)490 D)4900 E)49 Answer:CDifficulty:ModerateRationale:Thesumofthevalueofthethreestocksdividedby100is490:($40x200)+($70x500)+($10x600)/100=4903.Assume at these prices the value-weighted index constructed with the three stocks is 490. What would the index be if stock B is split 2 for 1 and stock C 4 for 1? A)265 B)430 C)355 D)490 E)1000 Answer: D Difficulty: Moderate Rationale: Value-weighted indexes are not affected by stock splits.4.An investor purchases one municipal and one corporate bond that pay rates of return of 8% and 10%, respectively. If the investor is in the 20% marginal tax bracket, his or her after tax rates of return on the municipal and corporate bonds would be _ and _, respectively. A)8% and 10% B)8% and 8% C)6.4% and 8% D)6.4% and 10% E)10% and 10% Answer: B Difficulty: Moderate Rationale: rc = 0.10(1 - 0.20) = 0.08, or 8%; rm = 0.08(1 - 0) = 8%.5.A 5.5% 20-year municipal bond is currently priced to yield 7.2%. For a taxpayer in the 33% marginal tax bracket, this bond would offer an equivalent taxable yield of: A)8.20%. B)10.75%. C)11.40%. D)4.82%. E)none of the above. Answer: B Difficulty: Moderate Rationale: 0.072 = rm (1-t); 0.072 = rm / (0.67); rm = 0.1075 = 10.75%6.In order for you to be indifferent between the after tax returns on a corporate bond paying 8.5% and a tax-exempt municipal bond paying 6.12%, what would your tax bracket need to be? A)33% B)72% C)15% D)28% E)Cannot tell from the information given .0612 = .085(1-t); (1-t) = 0.72; t = .287.Suppose an investor is considering a corporate bond with a 7.17% before-tax yield and a municipal bond with a 5.93% before-tax yield. At what marginal tax rate would the investor be indifferent between investing in the corporate and investing in the muni? A)15.4% B)23.7% C)39.5% D)17.3% E)12.4% tm = 1 - (5.93%/7.17%) = 17.29%Use the following to answer questions 8 to 9:8.Based on the information given, for a price-weighted index of the three stocks calculate: A)the rate of return for the first period (t=0 to t=1). B)the value of the divisor in the second period (t=2). Assume that Stock A had a 2-1 split during this period. C)the rate of return for the second period (t=1 to t=2). A. The price-weighted index at time 0 is (70 + 85 + 105)/3 = 86.67. The price-weighted index at time 1 is (72 + 81 + 98)/3 = 83.67. The return on the index is 83.67/86.67 - 1 = -3.46%. B. The divisor must change to reflect the stock split. Because nothing else fundamentally changed, the value of the index should remain 83.67. So the new divisor is (36 + 81 + 98)/83.67 = 2.57. The index value is (36 + 81 + 98)/2.57 = 83.67. C. The rate of return for the second period is 83.67/83.67 - 1 = 0.00%9.Based on the information given for the three stocks, calculate the first-period rates of return (from t=0 to t=1) on A)a market-value-weighted index. B)an equally-weighted index. C)a geometric index. A. The total market value at time 0 is $70 * 200 + $85 * 500 + $105 * 300 = $88,000. The total market value at time 1 is $72 * 200 + $81 * 500 + $98 * 300 = $84,300. The return is $84,300/$88,000 - 1 = -4.20%. B. The return on Stock A for the first period is $72/$70 - 1 = 2.86%. The return on Stock B for the first period is $81/$85 - 1 = -4.71%. The return on Stock C for the first period is $98/$105 - 1 = -6.67%. The return on an equally weighted index of the three stocks is (2.86% - 4.71% - 6.67%)/3 = -2.84%C. The geometric average return is (1+.0286)(1-.0471)(1-.0667)(1/3)-1 = (1.0286)(0.9529)(0.9333)0.3333 -1 = -2.92%10. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of common stock ownership, relative to other investment alternatives.CHAPTER 031.Assume you purchased 200 shares of XYZ common stock on margin at $70 per share from your broker. If the initial margin is 55%, how much did you borrow from the broker? A)$6,000 B)$4,000 C)$7,700 D)$7,000 E)$6,300 Answer: E Difficulty: Moderate Rationale: 200 shares * $70/share * (1-0.55) = $14,000 * (0.45) = $6,300.2.You sold short 200 shares of common stock at $60 per share. The initial margin is 60%. Your initial investment was A)$4,800. B)$12,000. C)$5,600. D)$7,200. E)none of the above. Answer: D Difficulty: Moderate Rationale: 200 shares * $60/share * 0.60 = $12,000 * 0.60 = $7,2003.You purchased 100 shares of ABC common stock on margin at $70 per share. Assume the initial margin is 50% and the maintenance margin is 30%. Below what stock price level would you get a margin call? Assume the stock pays no dividend; ignore interest on margin. A)$21 B)$50 C)$49 D)$80 E)none of the above Answer: B Difficulty: Difficult Rationale: 100 shares * $70 * .5 = $7,000 * 0.5 = $3,500 (loan amount); 0.30 = (100P - $3,500)/100P; 30P = 100P - $3,500; -70P = -$3,500; P = $50.4.You purchased 100 shares of common stock on margin at $45 per share. Assume the initial margin is 50% and the stock pays no dividend. What would the maintenance margin be if a margin call is made at a stock price of $30? Ignore interest on margin. A)0.33 B)0.55 C)0.43 D)0.23 E)0.25 Answer: E Difficulty: Difficult Rationale: 100 shares * $45/share * 0.5 = $4,500 * 0.5 = $2,250 (loan amount); X = 100($30) - $2,250/100($30); X = 0.25.5.You purchased 300 shares of common stock on margin for $60 per share. The initial margin is 60% and the stock pays no dividend. What would your rate of return be if you sell the stock at $45 per share? Ignore interest on margin. A)25% B)-33% C)44% D)-42% E)54% Answer: D Difficulty: Difficult Rationale: 300($60)(0.60) = $10,800 investment; 300($60) = $18,000 *(0.40) = $7,200 loan; Proceeds after selling stock and repaying loan: $13,500 - $7,200 = $6,300; Return = ($6,300 - $10,800)/$10,800 = - 41.67%.6.Assume you sell short 100 shares of common stock at $45 per share, with initial margin at 50%. What would be your rate of return if you repurchase the stock at $40/share? The stock paid no dividends during the period, and you did not remove any money from the account before making the offsetting transaction. A)20% B)25% C)22% D)77% E)none of the above Answer: C Difficulty: Moderate Rationale: Profit on stock = ($45 - $40) * 100 = $500, $500/$2,250 (initial investment) = 22.22%7.You want to purchase XYZ stock at $60 from your broker using as little of your own money as possible. If initial margin is 50% and you have $3000 to invest, how many shares can you buy? A)100 shares B)200 shares C)50 shares D)500 shares E)25 shares Answer: A Difficulty: ModerateRationale: .5 = (Q * $60)-$3,000 / (Q * $60); $30Q = $60Q-$3,000; $30Q = $3,000; Q=100.8.You buy 300 shares of Qualitycorp for $30 per share and deposit initial margin of 50%. The next day Qualitycorps price drops to $25 per share. What is your actual margin? A)50% B)40% C)33% D)60% E)25% Answer: B Difficulty: Moderate Rationale: AM = 300 ($25) - .5 (300) ($30) / 300 ($25) = .409.You sold short 100 shares of common stock at $45 per share. The initial margin is 50%. Your initial investment was A)$4,800. B)$12,000. C)$2,250. D)$7,200. E)none of the above. Answer: C Difficulty: Moderate Rationale: 100 shares * $45/share * 0.50 = $4,500 * 0.50 = $2,25010.List three factors that are listing requirements for the New York Stock Exchange. Why does the exchange have such requirements? CHAPTER 041.Multiple Mutual Funds had year-end assets of $457,000,000 and liabilities of $17,000,000. There were 24,300,000 shares in the fund at year-end. What was Multiple Mutuals Net Asset Value? A)$18.11 B)$18.81 C)$69.96 D)$7.00 E)$181.07 Answer: A Difficulty: Moderate Rationale: (457,000,000 - 17,000,000) / 24,300,000 = $18.112.Diversified Portfolios had year-end assets of $279,000,000 and liabilities of $43,000,000. If Diversifieds NAV was $42.13, how many shares must have been held in the fund? A)43,000,000 B)6,488,372 C)5,601,709 D)1,182,203 E)None of the above. Answer: C Difficulty: Moderate Rationale: ($279,000,000 - 43,000,000) / $42.13 = 5,601,708.996.3.Pinnacle Fund had year-end assets of $825,000,000 and liabilities of $25,000,000. If Pinnacles NAV was $32.18, how many shares must have been held in the fund? A)21,619,346,92 B)22,930,546.28 C)24,860,161.59 D)25,693,645.25 E)None of the above. Answer: C Difficulty: Moderate Rationale: ($825,000,000 - 25,000,000) / $32.18 = 24,860,161.59.4.The Profitability Fund had NAV per share of $17.50 on January 1, 2005. On December 31 of the same year the funds NAV was $19.47. Income distributions were $0.75 and the fund had capital gain distributions of $1.00. Without considering taxes and transactions costs, what rate of return did an investor receive on the Profitability fund last year? A)11.26% B)15.54% C)16.97% D)21.26% E)9.83% Answer: D Difficulty: Moderate Rationale: R = ($19.47 - 17.50 + .75 + 1.00) / $17.50 = 21.26%5.Patty OFurniture purchased 100 shares of Green Isle mutual fund at a net asset value of $42 per share. During the year Patty received dividend income distributions of $2.00 per share and capital gains distributions of $4.30 per share. At the end of the year the shares had a net asset value of $40 per share. What was Pattys rate of return on this investment? A)5.43% B)10.24% C)7.19% D)12.44% E)9.18% （40-42+2+4.3）/42=10.24%6.A mutual fund had year-end assets of $560,000,000 and liabilities of $26,000,000. There were 23,850,000 shares in the fund at year end. What was the mutual funds Net Asset Value? A)$22.87 B)$22.39 C)$22.24 D)$17.61 E)$19.25 Answer: B Difficulty: Moderate Rationale: (560,000,000 - 26,000,000) / 23,850,000 = $22.389 7.A mutual fund had year-end assets of $465,000,000 and liabilities of $37,000,000. If the fund NAV was $56.12, how many shares must have been held in the fund? A)4,300,000 B)6,488,372 C)8,601,709 D)7,626,515 E)None of the above. Answer: D Difficulty: Moderate Rationale: ($465,000,000 37,000,000) / $56.12 = 7,626,5158.A mutual fund had NAV per share of $26.25 on January 1, 2005. On December 31 of the same year the funds rate of return for the year was 16.4%. Income distributions were $1.27 and the fund had capital gain distributions of $1.85. Without considering taxes and transactions costs, what ending NAV would you calculate? A)$27.44 B)$33.88 C)$24.69 D)$42.03 E)$16.62 Answer:ADifficulty:ModerateRationale:.164=(P-$26.25+1.27+1.85)/$26.25;P=$27.4359.A mutual funds had average daily assets of $2.0 billion on 2005. The fund sold $500 million worth of stock and purchased $600 million worth of stock during the year. The funds turnover ratio is _. A)27.5% B)12% C)15% D)25% E)20% Answer: D Difficulty: Moderate Rationale: 500,000,000 / 2,000,000,000 = 25%10.You purchased shares of a mutual fund at a price of $20 per share at the beginning of the year and paid a front-end load of 5.75%. If the securities in which the find invested increased in value by 11% during the year, and the funds expense ratio was 1.25%, your return if you sold the fund at the end of the year would be _. A)4.33 B)3.44 C)2.45 D)6.87 E)None of the above 20*(1-5.75%)*(1+11%-1.25%)-20/20=0.034311.List and describe the more important types of mutual funds according to their investment policy and use. CHAPTER 051.Over the past year you earned a nominal rate of interest of 10 percent on your money. The inflation rate was 5 percent over the same period. The exact actual growth rate of your purchasing power was A)15.5%. B)10.0%. C)5.0%. D)4.8%. E)15.0% Answer: D Difficulty: Moderate Rationale: r = (1+R) / (1+I) - 1; 1.10% / 1.5% - 1 = 4.8%.2.You purchased a share of stock for $20. One year later you received $1 as dividend and sold the share for $29. What was your holding period return? A)45% B)50% C)5% D)40% E)none of the above Answer:BDifficulty:ModerateRationale:($1+$29-$20)/$20=0.5000,or50%.Use the following to answer questions 3-5:You have been given this probability distribution for the holding period return for KMP stock:3.What is the expected holding period return for KMP stock? A)10.40% B)9.32% C)11.63% D)11.54% E)10.88% Answer: A Difficulty: Moderate Rationale: HPR = .30 (18%) + .50 (12%) + .20 (-5%) = 10.4%4.What is the expected standard deviation for KMP stock? A)6.91% B)8.13% C)7.79% D)7.25% E)8.85% Answer: B Difficulty: Difficult Rationale: s = .30 (18 - 10.4)2 + .50 (12 - 10.4)2 + .20 (-5 - 10.4)21/2 = 8.13%5.What is the expected variance for KMP stock? A)66.04% B)69.96% C)77.04% D)63.72% E)78.45% A Difficulty: Difficult Rationale: s = .30 (18 - 10.4)2 + .50 (12 - 10.4)2 + .20 (5 - 10.4)2 = 66.04%6.You purchase a share of Boeing stock for $90. One year later, after receiving a dividend of $3, you sell the stock for $92. What was your holding period return? A)4.44% B)2.22% C)3.33% D)5.56% E)none of the above Answer: D Difficulty: Moderate Rationale: HPR = (92 - 90 + 3) / 90 = 5.56%7.An investor purchased a bond 45 days ago for $985. He received $15 in interest and sold the bond for $980. What is the holding period return on his investment? A)1.52% B)0.50% C)1.02% D)0.01% E)None of the above Answer: C Difficulty: Easy Rationale: HPR = ($15+980-985)/$985 = .010152284 = approximately 1.02%.8.Over the past year you earned a nominal rate of interest of 8 percent on your money. The inflation rate was 3.5 percent over the same period. The exact actual growth rate of your purchasing power was A)15.55%. B)4.35%. C)5.02%. D)4.81%. E)15.04% Answer: B Difficulty: Moderate Rationale: r = (1+R) / (1+I) - 1 ; 1.08 / 1.035 - 1 = 4.35%.9.Over the past year you earned a nominal rate of interest of 14 percent on your money. The inflation rate was 2 percent over the same period. The exact actual growth rate of your purchasing power was A)11.76%. B)16.00%. C)15.02%. D)14.32%. E)none of the above. 10. An investment provides a 2% return semi-annually, its effective annual rate is A)2%. B)4%. C)4.02% D)4.04% E)none of the above (1.02)2 -1 = 4.04%11. Discuss the relationships between interest rates (both real and nominal), expected inflation rates, and tax rates on investment returns. 12. Discuss why common stocks must earn a risk premium. CHAPTER 071.Market risk is also referred to as A)systematic risk, diversifiable risk. B)systematic risk, nondiversifiable risk. C)unique risk, nondiversifiable risk. D)unique risk, diversifiable risk. E)none of the above. Answer: B Difficulty: Easy Rationale: Market, systematic, and nondiversifiable risk are synonyms referring to the risk that cannot be eliminated from the portfolio. Diversifiable, unique, nonsystematic, and firm-specific risks are synonyms referring to the risk that can be eliminated from the portfolio by diversification.2.The variance of a portfolio of risky securities A)is a weighted sum of the securities variances. B)is the sum of the securities variances. C)is the weighted sum of the securities variances and covariances. D)is the sum of the securities covariances. E)none of the above. Answer:CDifficulty:ModerateRationale:Thevarianceofaportfolioofriskysecuritiesisaweightedsumtakingintoaccountboththevarianceoftheindividualsecuritiesandthecovariancesbetweensecurities.3.Other things equal, diversification is most effective when A)securities returns are uncorrelated. B)securities returns are positively correlated. C)securities returns are high. D)securities returns are negatively correlated. E)B and C. Answer:DDifficulty:ModerateRationale:Negativecorrelationamongsecuritiesresultsinthegreatestreductionofportfoliorisk,whichisthegoalofdiversification.4.The Capital Allocation Line provided by a risk-free security and N risky securities is A)the line that connects the risk-free rate and the global minimum-variance portfolio of the risky securities. B)the line that connects