matlab课程设计.doc

目录摘要21 设计任务与要求21.1 设计任务21.2 设计要求22 软件介绍32.1 matlab简介33 matlab绘图43.1主界面包含控制背景颜色与图形坐标的菜单43.2 图形的实现43.2.1 圆53.2.2 圆柱面53.2.3 球面63.2.3 二次曲线63.3 编辑控件和按钮控件63.4 实现用户要描述的图形73.5 课程设计实验代码74 心得体会125 参考文献12摘要与数值计算和符号计算相比，图形的可视化技术是数学计算人员所追求的更高级的一种技术，因为对于数值计算和符号计算来说，不管计算的结果是多么的准确，人们往往无法直接从大量的数据和符号中体会它们的具体含义。而图形处理技术则给人们提供了一种更直接的表达方式，可以使人们更直接、更清楚地了解事物的结果和本质。matlab语言除了有强大的矩阵处理功能之外，它的绘图功能也是相当强大的。matlab语言提供了一套功能强大的绘图命令，这些命令可以根据输入的数据自动完成图形的绘制，为计算过程和结果的可视化提供了极佳的手段。1 设计任务与要求1.1 设计任务 用界面实现各种图形绘制1.2 设计要求 主界面包含控制背景颜色与图形坐标的菜单；界面中包含一些按钮控件以实现一些常用的二维与三维图形显示。要求实现圆，球面，圆柱面，以及二次曲线的画法。并对坐标和曲线加上标注。令做一个编辑控件实现用户要描述任意图形，用一按钮控件实现绘制。2 软件介绍2.1 matlab简介matlab俗称“矩阵实验室”，是matrix laboratory的缩写。1984年由美国mathworks公司研制开发，以矩阵计算为基础的交互式的功能强大的科学及工程计算软件。首创者是在数值线性代数领域颇有影响的cleve moler博士。他也是生产经营matlab产品的mathworks公司的创始人之一。 matlab将高性能的数值计算和可视化集成在一块，并提供了大量的内置函数，从而使其广泛应用于数学计算和分析、自动控制、系统仿真、数字信号处理、图形图像分析、数理统计、人工智能、虚拟现实技术、通讯工程、金融系统等领域。时至今日，经过mathworks公司的不断完善，matlab已经发展成为适合多学科、多种工作平台的功能强大的大型软件。在国外，matlab已经经受了多年考验。在欧美等高校，matlab已经成为线性代数，自动控制理论，数理统计，数字信号处理，时间序列分析，动态系统仿真等高级课程的基本教学工具；成为攻读学位的大学生，硕士生，博士生必须掌握的基本技能。在设计研究单位和工业部门，matlab被广泛用于科学研究和解决各种具体问题。在国内，特别是工程界，matlab一定会盛行起来。可以说，无论你从事工程方面的哪个学科，都能在matlab里找到合适的功能。因此，matlab是面向21世纪的计算机程序设计及科学计算语言。 启动matlab后，进入matlab的默认桌面（如上图）。第一行为菜单栏，第二行为工具栏，下面是三个最常用的窗口。右边最大的是命令窗口（command window），左上方前台为工作空间窗口(workspace)，后台为当前目录窗口(current dircstory)，左下方为命令历史窗口(command history)。左下角还有一个开始（start）按钮，用于快速启动各类交互界面、桌面工具和帮助等。3 matlab绘图3.1主界面包含控制背景颜色与图形坐标的菜单通过书本233页菜单编辑器的学习实现 3.2 图形的实现3.2.1圆 3.2.2 圆柱面3.2.3球面3.2.4二次曲线3.3编辑控件和按钮控件3.4 实现用户要描述的图形这里以实现x.3+x.2+x 为例3.5 课程设计实验代码function varargout = xjq(varargin)% xjq m-file for xjq.fig% xjq, by itself, creates a new xjq or raises the existing% singleton*.% h = xjq returns the handle to a new xjq or the handle to% the existing singleton*.% xjq(callback,hobject,eventdata,handles,.) calls the local% function named callback in xjq.m with the given input arguments.% xjq(property,value,.) creates a new xjq or raises the% existing singleton*. starting from the left, property value pairs are% applied to the gui before xjq_openingfunction gets called. an% unrecognized property name or invalid value makes property application% stop. all inputs are passed to xjq_openingfcn via varargin.% *see gui options on guides tools menu. choose gui allows only one% instance to run (singleton).% see also: guide, guidata, guihandles% copyright 2002-2003 the mathworks, inc.% edit the above text to modify the response to help xjq% last modified by guide v2.5 29-jun-2011 11:31:49% begin initialization code - do not editgui_singleton = 1;gui_state = struct(gui_name, mfilename, . gui_singleton, gui_singleton, . gui_openingfcn, xjq_openingfcn, . gui_outputfcn, xjq_outputfcn, . gui_layoutfcn, , . gui_callback, );if nargin & ischar(varargin1) gui_state.gui_callback = str2func(varargin1);endif nargout varargout1:nargout = gui_mainfcn(gui_state, varargin:);else gui_mainfcn(gui_state, varargin:);end% end initialization code - do not edit% - executes just before xjq is made visible.function xjq_openingfcn(hobject, eventdata, handles, varargin)% this function has no output args, see outputfcn.% hobject handle to figure% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of matlab% handles structure with handles and user data (see guidata)% varargin command line arguments to xjq (see varargin)% choose default command line output for xjqhandles.output = hobject;% update handles structureguidata(hobject, handles);% uiwait makes xjq wait for user response (see uiresume)% uiwait(handles.figure1);% - outputs from this function are returned to the command line.function varargout = xjq_outputfcn(hobject, eventdata, handles) % varargout cell array for returning output args (see varargout);% hobject handle to figure% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of matlab% handles structure with handles and user data (see guidata)% get default command line output from handles structurevarargout1 = handles.output;% - executes on button press in pushbutton1.function pushbutton1_callback(hobject, eventdata, handles)% hobject handle to pushbutton1 (see gcbo)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of matlab% handles structure with handles and user data (see guidata)x=0:0.01:2*pi;y=exp(x*i);plot(y);title(圆)% - executes on button press in pushbutton2.function pushbutton2_callback(hobject, eventdata, handles)% hobject handle to pushbutton2 (see gcbo)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of matlab% handles structure with handles and user data (see guidata)sphere(15);title(球面)% - executes on button press in pushbutton3.function pushbutton3_callback(hobject, eventdata, handles)% hobject handle to pushbutton3 (see gcbo)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of matlab% handles structure with handles and user data (see guidata)t=0:pi/20:2*pi;x=(sin(t)+1)*5;y=cos(t)*5;z=linspace(0,5,length(t);x=meshgrid(x);y=meshgrid(y);z=meshgrid(z);surf(x,y,z);title(圆柱面)% - executes on button press in pushbutton4.function pushbutton4_callback(hobject, eventdata, handles)% hobject handle to pushbutton4 (see gcbo)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of matlab% handles structure with handles and user data (see guidata)x=0:0.01:10;y=-x.2+3*x-6;plot(x,y);title(二次曲线)% - executes on button press in pushbutton5.function pushbutton5_callback(hobject, eventdata, handles)% hobject handle to pushbutton5 (see gcbo)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of matlab% handles structure with handles and user data (see guidata)h=get(handles.edit1,string);y=inline(h);x=0:0.01:10;f=y(x);plot(x,f);xlabel(x),ylabel(y);title(绘图曲线)function edit1_callback(hobject, eventdata, handles)% hobject handle to edit1 (see gcbo)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of matlab% handles structure with handles and user data (see guidata)% hints: get(hobject,string) returns contents of edit1 as text% str2double(get(hobject,string) returns contents of edit1 as a double% - executes during object creation, after setting all properties.function edit1_createfcn(hobject, eventdata, handles)% hobject handle to edit1 (see gcbo)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of matlab% handles empty - handles not created until after all createfcns called% hint: edit controls usually have a white background on windows.% see ispc and computer.if ispc set(hobject,backgroundcolor,white);else set(hobject,backgroundcolor,get(0,defaultuicontrolbackgroundcolor);end% -function untitled_1_callback(hobject, eventdata, handles)% hobject handle to untitled_1 (see gcbo)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of matlab% handles structure with handles and user data (see guidata)% -function untitled_4_callback(hobject, eventdata, handle