[初一英语]初一语法therebe.doc

一1动词be（is,am,are）的用法我(I)用am, 你(you)用are，is跟着他(he)，她(she)，它(it)。单数名词用is，复数名词全用are。变否定，更容易，be后not加上去。变疑问，往前提，句末问号莫丢弃。还有一条须注意，句首大写莫忘记。2this，that和it用法(1)this和that是指示代词，it是人称代词。(2)距离说话人近的人或物用this, 距离说话人远的人或物用that。如：This is a flower. 这是一朵花。(近处)That is a tree. 那是一棵树。(远处)(3)放在一起的两样东西，先说this, 后说that。如：This is a pen. That is a pencil. 这是一支钢笔。那是一支铅笔。(4)向别人介绍某人时说This is, 不说That is。如：This is Helen. Helen, this is Tom. 这是海伦，海伦，这是汤姆。(5)This is 不能缩写, 而That is可以缩写。如：This is a bike. Thats a car. 这是一辆自行车。那是一辆轿车。(6)打电话时，介绍自己用this, 询问对方用that。如：Hello! Is that Miss Green? 喂，是格林小姐吗？Yes, this is. Whos that? 是的，我是，你是谁？注意：虽然汉语中使用“我”和“你”，但英语中打电话时绝不可以说：I am, Are you？/Who are you?(7)在回答this或that作主语的疑问句时, 要用it代替this或that。如：Is this a notebook? 这是笔记本吗？Yes, it is. 是的，它是。Whats that? 那是什么？Its a kite. 是只风筝。3these和those用法this, that, these和those是指示代词，these是this的复数形式,指时间,距离较近的或下面要提到的人或事;those是that的复数形式,指时间、距离较远或前面已经提到过的人或事物。This is my bed. That is Lilys bed. 这是我的床。那是莉莉的床。These pictures are good. 那些画很好。 Are those apple trees? 那些是苹果树吗？在回答主语是these或those的疑问句时，通常用they代替these或those以避免重复。如：Are these/those your apples? 这些(那些)是你的苹果吗？Yes, they are. 是的，他们是。一There be句型(1)There be句型主要用以表达“某处（某时）有某人（某物）。”其基本结构为“There be某物（某人）某地（某时）”其中there是引导词，没有词义；主语是be后面的名词， be是谓语动词，在一般现在时中be只用is和are两种形式。下面这首歌诀可帮你巧记there be句型结构：There be放句首，主语跟在后。地、时放句末，强调置前头。如：There is a book on the desk.有时为了强调地点，也可把介词短语放在句首。如：On the desk there is a book.(2)There be句型中的be动词如何确定呢？请先看看下面这首歌诀：Be动词，有三个，am，is还有are。“There be”真特别，不留am只留俩，那就是is还有are。要用is还是are，须看其后的名词是单数还是复数。若是单数或不可数名词用is，否则就用are。如：There is a tree behind the house.There is some water（水）in the bottle（瓶子）.There are some pears in the box.(3)注意：如果“be”后的主语是由and连接的两个或两个以上的名词，那么be的形式要遵循“远亲不如近邻”的原则。也就是说，“be”的形式是由与它最近的那个名词来确定的。若那个名词是单数或不可数名词要用is，是复数就用are。如：There is a book and some pens on the floor.There are some pens and a book on the floor.一 各种句式：1. 肯定句:There be +某人（某物）+某处（某时）.2. 否定句：There be not +某人（某物）+某处（某时）.3. 一般疑问句：Be there +某人（某物）+某处（某时）? 肯定回答： 否定回答Yes, there be. No, there be not.4. 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+ be there +某人（某物）+某处（某时）? 二、在下面的题目中填上恰当的Be动词。1. I _from Australia.2. She _ a student.3. Jane and Tom _my friends.4. My parents _very busy every day. 5. I _ at school. 6. He _ at school. 7. We _ students. 8. They _ from China. 9. Yang Ling _ eleven years old. 10. Where _ your friends? 11. How old _ you last year? 12. Which dog _ yours? 13. Ten and two _ twelve.14)I_astudent. 15) You_adoctor.16) _shefromJinan? 17) _youAmerican?18) It_acar. 19) They_cars 20) _yourmotherinChina?21) _yourfriendsinNewYork?22) What_hername? 23) These_buses.24) Those_oranges. 25) Where_hermother?26) Howold_yourteacher?27) Whatclass_youin?二，选择：( )28. _ any flowers on both sides of the street ? A. Is there B. Are there C. Has D. Have( )29. _ is there on the table? A. How many apples B. How much bread C. How much breads D. How many food ( )30. There isnt _ paper in the box. Will you go and get some for me? A. any B. some C. a D. an( )31. How many _ are there in your classroom? A. desks B. desk C. chair D. door( )32. There _ something wrong with our classroom. A. are B. has C. is D. have( )33. There is some _ on the table. A. apple B. orange C. cake D. sandwich( )34. There _ a lot of traffic at this time of day ,so youd better_more carefulA. has,be B. have,been C. is,be D.are,are( )35. There_ some water in the cupA. is B.am C. are D. be( )36. _there enough good news in todays newspaper?A. Is B. Are C. Were D. Was( )37. How many people _in your familyA. do you have B. are there C. you had D.there are ( )38. There _ an apple and ten bananas in the basket. You can take any of themA. is B. are C. has D. have( )39. How many teachers_there in your schoolB. is B. are C. have D. has( )40. There_an apple tree near the riverA. is B. am C. are D. be( )41. There_ a talk about American country muic in our school tonightA. will have B. is going to have C. is going to has D. will be( )42.There _anything newin todays newspaperA. isnt B. arent C. hasnt D. havent( )43. There_sheep in the fieldA. is small B. are much C. are a few D. are a little( )44. There are _in the field .They are eating grassA. a horse B. much horse C. many horse D. many horses( )45. There is no rice in the bagA. is it B. isnt it C. is there D. isnt there( )46. There _many trees here two years agoA. was B. is C. are D. were( )47. _? There are fiveA.How many boxes on the table B. What are thoseC.Whats this D. How many boxes are there on the table ( )48._on the table A. The pen is B. There is the pen C. Pen is D. There has a pen( )49. There _a new bed and an old desk in the roomA. is B. are C. have D.has ( )50. There _an important meeting tomorrowA. will have B.will be C. is going to have D. is going to has( )51._many trees here three years agoA. There is B. There was C. There are D. There were( )52. There _thousands of works in that one A. am B. have C. be D. are( )53. There _a lot more people in this room than in that one A. is B. am C. have D. are作业：一，填空。1.I_aboy._youaboy?No,I_not. 2.Thegirl_Jackssister. 3.Thedog_tallandfat. 4.Themanwithbigeyes_ateacher. 5._yourbrotherintheclassroom? 6.Where_yourmother?She_athome. 7.How_yourfather? 8.MikeandLiuTao_atschool. 9.Whosedress_this? 10.Whosesocks_they? 11.That_myredskirt. 12.Who_I? 13.Thejeans_onthedesk. 14.Here_ascarfforyou. 15.Here_somesweatersforyou. 16.Theblackgloves_forSuYang. 17.Thispairofgloves_forYangLing. 二。选择题：( )8.There_ not _ milk in the cup on the table .A. are, many B. are , much C. is ,many D. is ,much ( )10.How many _ are there in the room ? A. apple B. students C. milk D. paper ( )11.Do you know if _ a meeting next Sunday ? A. there was going to have B. there was going to be C. is there going to be D. there will be ( )12. Is this the last exam we have to take ? C No, but there _ another test three months later from now.A. will be going to B. is C. will be D. has been( )13.There _ great changes in such kind of computers in the last few years. A. is B. are C. will be D. have been( )14.There _ a film tomorrow evening Awill have Bhave Cis going to be Dhas( )15.There _ a football match on TV this evening. A. will have B. is going to be C. has D. is going to have( )16.There _ a school at the foot of the hill. Ahave Bstand Care Dstands( )17.Theres going to _ in tomorrows newspapers. A. have something new B. have new something C. be something new D. be new something( )19.How many boys _ there in Class one? A. be B. is C. are D. am( )20.There _ a lot of good news in todays newspaper. A. is B. are C. was D. were( )21.There