海漂一族(中英文双语阅读）.doc

海漂一族”：留下还是回国，这是个问题导读：随着中国海外留学生的数量逐年增多，海归(returnee)也越来越多，其实，与之并行的还有另一种人海漂，即留在国外寻求工作的毕业生，他们的生活和工作状况究竟如何呢？他们又有怎样的想法呢？留学热造就了大量的“海归”和“海漂”Haipiao, a word used to describe young people moving to Shanghai for versatile lives, now has a new interpretation: Chinese striving in a foreign country facing an uncertain future. Their nomadic lifestyle is encouraged by revised visa policies and their desire to develop themselves, usually free from social expectations back in China.“海漂”，这个词原本是用来描述去上海体验多元化生活的年轻一族，现在它又有了新定义：在海外求生存、前途飘忽不定的中国人。对自我发展的向往以及签证新政的出台使得他们放下国内的“社会期望”，选择了一种漂泊动荡的生活。A MyCOS survey, among 5,126 college graduates who chose to undertake further study abroad in 2009, found that 43 percent of them planned to stay abroad after graduation, while 31 percent chose to return to China. The rest were not sure what to do.据麦可思公司的调查显示，在2009年到国外深造的5126名高校毕业生中，有43%的人打算学成后留在国外，31%的人则选择归国，剩下的尚不知何去何从。“Their enthusiasm to try their luck in a foreign country is partly due to changes in visa policies,” said Wang Qian from Aoji Enrollment Center of International Education Ltd.“他们之所以热切想在国外碰碰运气，多半源于英国签证新政的出台。”澳际教育咨询有限公司的王茜（音译）说。According to Wang, in 2008 the UK extended the validation time for the Post Study Worker (PSW) visa from one year to two years. With a PSW visa, international graduates can stay in the country, look for a job and decide on their future path. 王茜表示，2008年英国留学生毕业工作（简称：PSW）签证有效期从1年延长至2年。获得该签证后，留学生留在当地进行求职，并规划自己的未来。Changing times时代的变迁The US also extended the Optional Practical Training (OPT) period for science and engineering majors to land a job from 12 months to 29 months. If they land a full-time job during that period, they can apply for an H1B work visa that grants a maximum 6-year stay in the US. 美国政府也将本国大学理工科专业留学毕业生的实习期，从12个月延长至29个月。如果能在此期间找到全职工作，那他们便可以进一步申请H1B工作签证，最长可获签6年。Besides, Chinese societys relatively rigid expectations of young people have discouraged some graduates from returning after completing their studies, said Li Jinzhao, director of the Center for Diaspora and Transnational Studies at Beijing Foreign Studies University.北京外国语大学跨国移民研究中心主任李今朝认为，中国社会对年轻人的期望值过高是导致一些毕业生学成后不愿归国的主要原因。“Men in China are expected to be well-established in a career at 30 and women should be worried if they are still single at that age,” said Li, who studied in the US for 12 years before returning in 2007. “To many this seems less attractive than Western culture which encourages more diversified lifestyles.”李今朝曾留美12年，于2007年回国。他表示：“在国内，人们普遍认为男人应当三十而立，而女人则应当三十成家。与国内相比，西方文化提倡多元化的生活方式，这对许多人来说更有吸引力。”Liu Xiao (a pseudonym), 30, agrees. He graduated with an MA from the University of Edinburgh in the UK and has been working as an engineer at Broadcom Corporation for four years.30岁的刘潇（化名）对此表示认同。在英国爱丁堡大学取得硕士学位后，他就职于美国博通公司，做了4年的工程师。He lives in a low-rent room in Edinburgh and is saving for a trip around 10 European countries.他住在爱丁堡一间租金便宜的房子里，正攒钱计划一次欧洲十国游。“I enjoy my freedom to make travel plans and take holidays,” said Liu. “If I were to go back to China now, Id be expected to buy an apartment and a car, which would eat up all my money.”他说：“在这里，我可以随心所欲地选择去旅游度假。若是在国内，攒下来的钱就会全投在买车买房上了。”However, a nomadic existence overseas is not free from pressure, according to Li Jinzhao.但李今朝也指出，海漂们并不是毫无压力。Pressing decisions沉重的抉择Those choosing to stay in a foreign country cannot escape the challenges which face all new graduates, especially when many foreign countries are still struggling with recession and increasing unemployment rates.当下，国外很多国家仍笼罩在经济衰退的阴影中，失业率高居不下，选择留在国外的人们也是无法逃避这一现实。Moreover, as foreigners, they have to deal with issues such as visas, cultural differences, and finally to decide when their nomadic existence is going to end. Generally speaking, Chinese graduates with 3-5 years work experience in countries like the US and the UK are qualified to apply for permanent residence.作为外国人，他们还要面对诸如签证和文化差异在内的许多问题，并最终决定何时结束他们的“海漂生活”。通常情况下，有3-5年英美国家工作经历的人就可以申请永久居住权了。Liu dreads a “traditional” life path back in China, but he admits that the dilemma of returning home or applying for British citizenship is looming.尽管刘潇对中国传统的生活模式心生恐惧，但他仍然纠结在回国还是移民的问题上。“I dont know whether I will settle down in the UK. I have to take family issues into consideration,” said Liu who is single.还是单身的他表示：“我不确定是否会定居在英国，我必须要考虑家庭因素。”But another overseas “drifter”, Lin Yanqin, has had a clear plan since graduating from Rikkyo University in Japan with a BA in tourism this March.但同为“海漂一族”的林燕琴（音译），自打今年3月从日本立教大学取得旅游专业学士学位后，便做好了清晰的规划。Working as a website editor in Tokyo, the 24-year-old is using her itineran