剑桥商务英语术语.doc

剑桥商务英语-专业术语大全part 1 businessindividual proprietorship 个体经营partnership 合伙企业corporation 公司企业unlimited liability 无限责任limited liability 有限责任home office 公司总部business activities 经济活动operating activities 经营活动business house 商行；商号financial activities 筹资活动trading department / mechanics贸易机构capital stock 股本trade association 贸易协会business association 业务联系，交往business entity 企业个体business connection 业务联系creditor 债权人close relationship 密切的关系trade circles贸易界to handle 经营某商品to trade in 经营某商品business scope / frame 经营范围trading firm / house 贸易行，商行to trade with 和进行贸易to do business in a moderate way 做生意稳重to do business in a sincere way 做生意to make a deal 做一笔交易commercial channels 商业渠道commercial transaction 买卖，交易manufacturer 制造商，制造厂middleman 中间商，经纪人dealer 经销商wholesaler 批发商retailer 零售商tradesman 零售商merchant 商人 （英）批发商，（美）零售商concessionaire, licensed dealer 授让人，特许权获得者consumer 消费者，用户client, customer 顾客，客户buyer 买主，买方stocks 存货，库存量purchase 购买，进货bulk sale 整批销售，趸售wholesale 批发retail trade 零售业cash sale 现货hire purchase 分期付款购买 (美作：installment plan)unfair competition 不合理竞争dumping profit margin 倾销差价，倾销幅度registered trademark 注册商标registered office, head office 总公司，总店，总部public ownership 公有制private ownership 私有制ownership by the entire / whole people 全民所有制socialist collective ownership 社会主义集体所有制foreign funded enterprise 外资企业joint venture 合资企业cooperative enterprise 合作企业wholly foreign owned / funded enterprise 外资企业part 2 negotiationsadditional data 附加信息common ground 共同点adjustment and compromise调整和妥协common interest 共同利益advantageous contract 有利的合同common knowledge base 共同认识的基础agenda 议程安排communication processes 交流过程bargaining range 谈判范围concede ground 让步，屈服bargaining strength 谈判实力concession trading 让步贸易bargaining 讨价还价conflicting interests利益冲突basic interests基本利益conflicting objectives冲突的目标behavioral norms 行为规范core outcomes 核心结果bottom line 谈判底线defensive - offensive posture 防守进攻立场breakdown in negotiation 谈判破裂collective well - being 集体利益difficult decisions 决策困难dogmatic negotiator 独断的谈判者negotiation sketch 谈判简图equitable agreement 公平合理的协议negotiation skills 谈判技巧negotiation table 谈判桌exaggerated positions 言过其实的的立场on the routine basis 在惯例的基础上expected benefits 期待的谈判结果one-off business 一锤子买卖face-to-face negotiation 面对面谈判opening position 初步价位factual information 实际信息optimal timing 最佳时机fail to reach any agreement 无法达成协议optimize the interests使利益最优化pull tricks 耍花招failure of negotiation 谈判失败renounce a negotiation 放弃谈判favorable outcomes 利好结果reservation price 保留价格give-and-take 给予和索取room for maneuver 周旋的余地good joint outcome 互惠的共同结果rough style 激烈的谈判风格scheduling of concessions 让步进程information loophole 信息空缺settle differences 解决分歧integrative phases 综合谈判阶段sham position 虚假立场international deals 国际交易signal firmness 表现出坚定立场knock-down fight 强力反击stakes 投资资金leverage 手段，优势straight compromise 彻底妥协mange concessions 掌握让步的分寸strategic activity 策略活动strategic ploy 战略手段margins of maneuver 机动空间strategy formulation 策略构想marked disadvantage 明显的劣势stumbling block 绊脚石maximize the interests 使利益最大化successful implementation 成功实施tactical moves 谈判技巧minimum level of acceptance 最底的接受底线terms and conditions 条款和条件uncertainty 不确定negotiation processes 谈判过程part 3 leadershipaccess to power 利用权力choice assignments 选择权的分配achieve recognition 得到公认continual compliance 一味迁就acquire power 获取权力courage under fire 应对责难的勇气analytical ability 分析能力create opportunities 创造机会aspirants career 有志者的事业creating obligations 积累“感情债”breed resistance 导致怨恨critical task 重要任务breed resistance 导致反抗decisional role 决策作用build reputation 树立威信delegate responsibilities 授权build trusting relationships 建立依赖关系direct intervention 直接干预eliminate the bottleneck 消除瓶颈问题chaotic situation 混乱局面enhance the power 增强权力norm of reciprocity 互利互惠的规范exert influence 施加影响exert information 提取信息office layout 办公室布局follow directions 遵从指示organizational capacity 组织目标formal influence 正式影响organizational principle 组织原则gain power 获得权力organizational structure 组织结构give recommendation 提供建议organizationally ambitious 对组织工作有远大抱负的good judgment 正确的判断grudging cooperation 勉强合作organizations ends 组织目标higher-up 上级personal attractiveness 个人魅力holder of an office 公职人员power acquisition 赢得权力individual goal 个人目标power seeker 权力的追求者induce cooperation 促使合作pressing deskwork 紧迫的案头工作informal influence 非正式影响promote visibility 提高显著程度informational function 信息功能public speaking skills 演讲技能interactions 相互交流relevance of the work 工作的实用性interpersonal activities 交际活动leader power 领导权力sense of timing 选择时机的意识leadership arts 领导艺术serve on committee 在委员会任职leadership position 领导职位sheer willingness 完全积极主动leadership responsibility 领导责任show ones stuff 展现自我leadership science 领导科学sincere interest 真诚的兴趣legitimate reason 正当理由sneaky tactics 卑鄙的手段low-power position 低等的权利职务subgroup goal 子群体目标subordinate 下属make a good impression 留下好印象technical decision-making 技术决策technical expertise 专业技术managerial job 管理工作token compliance 表面顺从managerial skills 管理技能workers grievnances 工人的抱怨net influence 净影响part 4 bankingaccount holder 开户人account number 账号automatic teller machine 自动取款机average rate of interest 平均利率balance 余额bank depositor 银行储户bank teller 银行出纳员banking regulations 银行管理制度banking system 银行系统bookkeeping 薄记bounce burglar alarm 被银行退票cancelled check 防盗警报certificate of deposit 已注销的支票checking account 存单check 支票close an account 结清账户commercial bank 商业银行credit card 信用卡demand account 活期账户demand deposit 活期存款deposit inducement 吸纳存款deposit interest 银行利息depositor 存款人deposit 存款overdrawn 透支的paid check 已付支票passbook saving 存折储蓄payee 收款人petty current deposit 小额活期存款predetermined maturity 预先规定的到期日rate limit 利率限制receiving teller 收款员record keeping 记账saver 储户saving account 储蓄账户saving deposit 储蓄存款savings bank 储蓄银行service charge 服务费source of funding 资金来源statement 结算清单early withdrawal 提前取款effective overall cost 实际总成本explicit interest 现付利息fixed maturity 规定到期日fixed rate 固定利率flexible maturity 灵活到期日insufficient funds 资金不足interest penalty 罚息interest bearing deposit 计息liquidity reserves 流动性储备资金make additions 增加存款make withdrawals 提款maturity 到期日negotiable certificates of deposit 可转让存单 negotiable instrument 流通票据negotiable order of withdrawal accounts 可转让提款单账户nonnegotiable 不能转让的note circulation 钞票流通open an account 开户头a order of withdrawal 提款命令out of business 破产outstanding check 未竞现支票overdrawn account 透支账户stop payment order 止付令stopping payment on a check 停付支票terminate the account 结束账户time deposit 定期存款trustworthy 可依赖的uniformed guard 便衣保安unobstructed counter 没有障碍的护栏variable rate 浮动利率vaults 保管库volume of deposits 存款量withdrawal application 提款申请withdrawal order 提款命令，支取单withdrawal receipt 提款收据withdrawal 取款working balance 往来余额part 5 accountingaccounting 会计、会计学financial transactions 金融交易financial statements 财务报表public accountant 公共会计师、会计师certified public accountant 执业会计师accepted accounting principles 公认会计原则audit 审计statement 报表periodic statements 定期报表balance sheet 资产负债表income statement 收益表、损益表asset accounts 资产账户current assets 流动资产revenue 收入、收益expenses 支出、开支net income 净利润operating income 营业收入interest expense 利息支出income before tax 税前收入gross profit 毛利depreciation 折旧accumulated depreciation 累计折旧owners equity 业主权益、业主产权bad debt 坏账备抵savings and loans 储蓄与放款、信用合作社brokerage firms 经纪人事务所control operations 控制经营活动cost effectiveness balance 成本效益平衡原则creditor 债权人net profit margin 纯利润率notes payable 应付票据posting 过账solvency 偿付能力working capital 运营资本、流动资本informed decisions 精明的决策internal control 内部控制原则account payable 应付账款accounts receivable 应收账款accumulated deficit 累计亏损part 6 insuranceabnormal liver function 肝功能不正常abusing alcohol 滥用酒精accident insurance 意外保险actuary 保险精算师additional blood test 附加血检报告additional insurance 附加保险affordable policy 费用适度的保险单alcohol abuse 滥用酒精alcohol marker 酒精含量alcoholic 酗酒者alcoholism 酒精中毒attending physicians statement 主治医师的报告beneficiary 受益人blood sample 血样cash payment policy 用现金支付的保险单chronic inflammation 慢性炎症claim settlement 理赔claims department 理赔部claims rejected 拒赔clean driving record 清白的驾驶记录insurable risk 可保风险insurance application 保险申请insurance claim 保险索赔insurance cover 保险范围insurance indemnity 保险赔偿金insurance underwriter 保险商insurant 受保人insured interest 投保利益insured risk 受保风险insured sum 保险总值insured value clause 保值条款insured value 保险价值liability insurance 责任保险life expectancy 估计寿命life insurance for group 团体人寿保险life insurance 人寿保险loyal subscriber 忠实客户medical benefit 医疗福利medical history 病史medical insurance 医疗保险moderate drinker 中度饮酒者motor vehicle record 汽车驾驶记录nibble around the edges 对微醉持谨慎态度compulsory insurance 强制保险contingency 意外事故cost of medical insurance 医疗保险费death claim 死亡索赔driving under the influence 酒后驾驶driving while intoxicated 酿酒驾驶edges 微醉状态elevated liver enzymes 肝酵素升高face amount of the policy 保险单的面额health certificate 健康证明书health facilities 保健设施health insurance 健康保险heavy drinking 大量饮酒hepatitis c 丙肝higher base premiums 基点偏高的保险金indemnitee 接受赔偿的人indemnitor 赔偿人indemnity clause 赔偿条款indemnity liability 赔偿责任insurable interest 可保利益nonmedical underwriting 非医药保险业nonspecific liver problems 普通肝炎permanent insurance 永久保险persons health 人体健康physical toll 身体伤害pinpoint the problem 查明问题pooling concept 共同分担的概念premature death 过早死亡premium rate 保险费率premiums 保险金principle of indemnity 补偿原则proactive to get the premiums lowered 事先采取措施降低保险金probability of death 死亡概率red flag 危险信号risk analysis 风险分析risk management 风险管理risk-pooling plan 集中风险的方案sickness insurance 疾病保险take out the insurance 购买保险underwriting 保险业untimely death 过早的死亡whole life insurance 终身人寿保险part 7 stock marketabsentee ballot 缺席投票balance sheet 资产负债表better returns 更好的回报broker 股票经纪人business prospects 业务展望buy a call 买进期权call price 股票购进价格chart 走势图common stock 普通股company effect 公司的影响core businesses 核心行业current price of gold 黄金现价current share price 股票现价dividend 股息dominant factor 决定因素draw lines to find resistance 找阻力线draw lines to find support 找支持势线draw lines to find trends 画走势线earnings outlook 盈利潜能earnings per share 第股盈利earnings trend 赢利趋势economic uncertainty 经济不稳定exercise price 认购价exercise the option 行使有关期权external factor 外在因素financial ratios 财务比率financial strength 财务实力forward contract 远期合同fundamental analysis 基本面分析fundamental of the company 公司的基本面future price movement 未来股价走势futures contract 期货合同hire-purchase company 租赁信托公司historical records 历史记录income statement 损益表stock return 股票回报stock trading 股票交易strong economic growth强势经济增长 superior returns 优厚的回报supply-demand balance 供求平衡sustain a loss 蒙受亏损balance sheet items 资产与负债表的项目indicator 指标，指数information economy 信息经济initial public stock offerings 公开发行的原始股intrinsic value 实际价值investor 投资人issue additional stock 增发股票joint stock company 合股公司market factor 市场因素market movement 市场行情market prices 市场价格market system 市场经济体制move in a uptrend 持续攀升normal economic forces 正常经济力量option 期权overwhelming evidence 非常明确的证据part owner 合伙股东price movements 股价走势price of a stock 股价price of the call 买进期权的价格price of the put 卖出期权的价格price earnings ratio 价格收益比率professional investor 专业投资者proxy 代理投票sell short the shares 卖空股票sequence of analysis 分析的先后顺序share price 股价shareholder 股东size of the loss 亏损程度stock exchange 证券交易所stock information 股票信息stock market 股市stock price 股价tech stock 高科技股票technical analysis 技术分析undervalued 贬值的unstableness of market 市场不稳定upward price trend 股价逐步升高volume of a stock 成交量voting power 表决权share, equity, stock 股票、股权bond, debenture, debts 债券negotiable share 可流通股份convertible bond 可转换债券treasury/ government bond 国库券/ 政府债券corporate bond 企业债券closed end securities investment fund封闭式证券投资基金open end securities investment fund 开放式证券投资基金fund manager 基金经理/ 管理公司fund custodian bank 基金托管银行market capitalization 市值p/ e (price/ earning) ratio 市盈率mark to market 逐日盯市payment versus delivery 银券交付clearing and settlement 清算/ 结算commodity/ financial derivatives 商品/ 金融衍生产品put/ call option 看跌/ 看涨期权margins, collateral 保证金rights issue/ offering 配股bonus share 红股dividend 红利/ 股息adr (american depository receipt) 美国存托凭证/ 存股证gdr (global depository receipt) 全球存托凭证/ 存股证retail/ private investor 个人投资者/ 散户institutional investor 机构投资者broker/ dealer 券商proprietary trading 自营insider trading/ dealing 内幕交易market manipulation 市场操纵prospectus 招股说明书ipo (initial public offering) 新股/ 初始公开发行merger and acquisition 收购兼并part 8 marketingmarketing concept 营销观念，营销概念marketing program 营销计划marketing mix 营销组合marketing channel 营销渠道marketing research 市场调研，营销调研target market 目标市场marketer 市场商人，商家production-oriented 面向生产的consumer-oriented 面向消费者的consumer satisfaction 消费者感到满意distribution system 销售系统，分销渠道distribution channel 销售渠道sales force 销售队伍promotion 促销advertising 广告personal selling 向个人推销publicity 宣传，媒体宣传sales promotion 促销promotion activity 促销活动demonstration 展示，展示会sweepstake 抽奖free sample 免费赠送的样品coupon 赠券，订货附单resaler 转售商intermediary 中间商，中间人middleman 中间商，中间人mass selling 大批销售research method 研究方法potential customer 潜在客户primary data 原始数据，原始资料，第一手资料consumer reaction 消费者的反应inventory control 存货，库存warehousing 仓储storing 储存grading 分类，分级risk taking 承担风险wholesale 批发retail 零售to identify customer needs 认清客户需求to obtain information 获得信息to collect/ gather data 收集资料to interpret data 分析资料to run the risk of failure 冒失败的风险part 9 products and priceproduct 产品tangible product 有形产品intangible product 无形产品consumer product 消费产品industrial product 工业产品，供工业使用的产品competing product 竞争产品sample product 样品产品potential product 潜在产品life cycle of a product 产品生命周期introduction 引入期growth 成长期maturity 成熟期decline 衰退期potential profitability 潜在获利可能性marketing mix 营销组合promotion 促销promotion cost 促销成本gross national product (gnp) 国民生产总值research and development (r&d) 研究与开发market research 市场调查product development 产品开发text marketing 试营销customer loyalty 顾客忠诚度distribution channels 销售渠道consumer taste 消费者爱好buying motive 购买动机purchasing habits 购买习惯expert examination专家鉴定opinion leader 引导舆论的专家或行家packaging 包装brand 商标，牌号label 标识，标签to make a purchase 购买to fend off competitors 排除竞争者to break even 收支相抵，持平to meet the needs and expectations of customers 满足消费者的需求和期望to be outdated 过时part 10 advertisingadvertising standards authority 广告标准局art design 艺术设计brochure 小册子clarity and simplicity 简单明了commercial 商业广告computer generated image 用计算机设计的图画exquisite workmanship 做工讲究famous throughout the world 全球闻名fashionable and attractive 新颖美观fashionable patterns 花色入时fast color 永不褪色fine craftsmanship 做工精细impressive effect 效果极佳latest technology 最新工艺leaflet 传单limpid sight 色泽清纯long history 历史悠久long standing reputation 久负盛名lustrous and soft 光洁柔和lustrous surface 表面光泽luxuriant design 设计华丽mild and mellow 入口香醇miraculous functions 功能奇特novel design 设计新颖outstanding features 特点突出outstanding merits 优点突出perfect in workmanship 制作精良pleasant to the palate 味美爽口prime time 黄金时段production cost 制作成本program rating 收视率reliable performance 性能可靠repeatedly admired 倍受称赞reputable all over the country享誉全国rich experience 经验丰富firm in structure 结构坚固fresh and lovely luster 色泽鲜艳fresh and sweet 鲜美甘甜guaranteed quality and quantity 保质保量hand rendered illustration 用手工绘制的图画handsome appearance 造型美观harmonious in color 色彩协调high quality materials 选料讲究high resilience 富有弹性highly polished 光洁度高illustration 画面impressive color 色彩夺目selling well all over the world 畅销全球share of audience 观众占有率show sb./ sth. the door 把某人/某物赶走skillful manufacture 制作精巧snow white 洁白如玉soft and light 轻柔松软sophisticated technologies 尖端技术sound effects 声音效果special effects 特别效果strong packing 包装坚固suitable for old and young 老幼皆宜superior performance 性能优越superior quality 质量上乘television coverage 电视覆盖面unequal in performance 性能无与伦比unique performance 性能绝伦unique style 风格独特up to date style 款式新颖visual art 视觉艺术visual direction 视觉导向zapping 跳过广告节目part 11 international tradead valorem tariff 从价关税balance of payment 国际收支balance of payments deficit 国际收支逆差bill of exchange 汇票business norms 商业准则capital resources 资本财源commercial credit 商业信用competitive advantage 竞争优势conflicts of interest 利益矛盾consumer protection 消费者保护currency 货币customs duty 关税deficit 逆差depreciate 贬值documentary credit 跟单信用证domestic demand 国内需求domestic trade 国内贸易dominate 支配，占优势dumping 倾销economic motivation 经济动机encash 兑现ethnocentric 种族中心倾向excessive interventionism 过度干预主义exchange rate 兑换率export intelligence department 出口信息部export market 出口市场export subsidies 出口补贴exportable commodities 可供出口的商品favorable balance of payments 国际收支顺差financial assistance 财政资助fluctuation 波动foreign currency 外币free interflow 自由流通free trading system 自由贸易体系government intervention 政府干预government purchases政府采购high technology 高科技技术import commitment 进口承诺importing agent 进口代理商importing and exporting firms 进出口公司importing channel 进口渠道independent currency system 独立货币体系infant industry argument 幼稚工业保护论international trade 国际贸易intervene with trade 干预贸易interventionist 干涉主义者invisible trade 无形贸易locally produced products 本地生产的产品market economy 市场经济mercantilism 营利主义mercantilist theory 重商主义者的理论merchant 商人monetary conversion 货币兑换national security 国家安全nonsubsidized industry 非补贴工业profit margins 利润幅度quota 配额redistribution of resources 资源重新分配