英语论文-鲁滨逊逆境中成功的秘诀.docx

discussion of robinson how to success in the face of adversityabstractrobinson is an adventurous and firm belief character in the classic that is created by the defoe. with him like the author himself, is always a restless man. robinson was born in the city of york, of a good family; he could sensibly taste the sweets of living, without the bitter, feeling that they were happy. however, he was reluctant to law-abiding. when he was in his childhood, his mind filled with the idea of travel the globe. eagerly aspire to the new world, to the freedom, to the life of his own creation. he left home and parents. after several times of adversity, he was still obsessed with the life at sea. when lived on a desert island for 28 years, he did not feel powerless and frustrated, standing still, but with his own hands to explore, expand and tenacious struggle with nature. finally robinson left the island, with a solid family business. robinson in the face of adversity, know how to lose is a gain, continue to intend to do for the future, always has a plan, arrangement, and had not given up hope of rescue. when robinson in the face of adversity, he know that lose is a gain, constantly to intend to do for the future, always has a plan, arrangement, and had not given up hope of rescue. this paper through the interpretation of the novel, combined with character features and creating of background, to discuss the secret of how robinson to succeed in the face of adversity, and what inspiration did his experience have give us.key words: adversity success hope struggle摘要:鲁滨逊是由笛福塑造的一个具有冒险精神和坚定信念的经典人物，他同作者本人一样，是一个永远不安于现状的人。鲁滨逊“出生于约克郡的一个体面人家”，可以过“舒舒服服的日子，品尝生活的甜美滋味”，。然而，他却不愿安分守己，从小脑子里就“充满了遨游四海的念头”，热切地向往新世界，向往自由，向往自己创造的生活。终于离开家和父母，在经历几次逆境后，仍痴迷海上生活。当他流落荒岛28年期间，并不望洋兴叹，坐以待毙，而是用自己的双手去开拓，与大自然展开顽强的斗争。最终离开了荒岛，拥有了一份厚实的家业。鲁滨逊在面对逆境的时候，懂得失去也是一种获得，不断地为将来做打算，凡事都有计划，有安排，并且从没有放弃过获救的希望。本篇论文主要通过对小说的解读，并结合人物性格特点和当时的创造背景，来讨论鲁滨逊是如何在逆境中获得成功的秘诀，及他的经历给予我们的启示。关键词：逆境 成功 希望 顽强introductionthis paper describes how robinson did in the face of adversity time and time again, over and over again from the adversity; even drifted to an uninhabited island. robinson alone working life of 28 years, during this period, he never give up hope, until rescued back, and discovery has become a rich man. the writer of daniel defoe was interested in a variety of exciting adventure, his life experience were very rich and rough, full of the stimulate, but he was never depressed. and we always allow seeing the shadow of daniel defoe from robinson. whether was he the authors own portrayal? angkun qi used to comment in his : robinsons success was owing to his strong personality and unremitting efforts, plenty of courage and patience, the courage to move forward the spirit of exploration, survival wisdom. all of these were the nature and characteristics of the emerging british businessman. because of the labor of his hard work, robinson could be able to survive. however, in my opinion, if he just rely on the hard work of labor was difficult to live alone in the island for 28 years, he also need the indomitable spirit of perseverance, optimistic attitude and good at discovery and use of features.chapterthe brief introduction of the original works1.1 the background of the novelthis starkness masterpiece of realism can be described as the most important novel in europe in the 18th century. 18th century europe in the age of enlightenment, the realistic novels of this period is the continuation of the spirit of renaissance literature, but there were developments. at that time, britain was in the upswing of capitalism, the industrial revolution flourish, foreign trade and colonial expansion greatly promoted the development of the uk economy; the united kingdom had become the worlds leading capitalist powers. the british domestic bourgeois, especially small and medium sectors of the bourgeoisie are full of confidence for the future with hope and enthusiasm. they through a practical, hard work and strong determination, you would be able to get fruitful benefits. based on british land area was small and limited resources, the actual situation, lots of people who wanted to obtain the success of impulsive and self-confidence have chosen to go overseas to open up the world, to create wealth. 1.2 the introduction of the authorthe author of robinson crusoe, daniel defoe was born in a good commercial family in 1660, in london. he was once a businessman, who ran the enterprise of underclothes, cigarettes and wine trade, he had lived through some difficulties, but he could save his enterprise every time after his failure, meanwhile, he showed us his stable determination to fight against his fate. he could not be destroyed. all of those experiences paved the way of thought and technique of the accomplishment of his masterpiece robinson crusoe. that is, the success of robinson crusoe is not occasional.1.3 the introduction of the brief content robinson crusoe was written under the enlightenment of a real story in 18th. a scottish seafaring man in britain ship named alengzander slake clashed against his captain, and was deserted in an isolated island, which had the distance of 500 meters far away from the coast of chile. he lived alone there for about four years; he was finally saved by a famous sailor and was taken home in 1771. the event had evoked great interesting in the europe. robinson crusoe, who was created by daniel defoe, was a representative of bourgeoisie, an ideal hero, what he advocated was not to satisfy with annoyance, but to develop, to work and to attain something through your effort. we can see the tradition of western civilization from him and his adventure spirit. the works praises peoples work spirit. the fiction opens up the way of english realism fiction. robinson crusoe, who was the protagonist of the life and strange surprising adventures of robinson crusoe, was a person of stubborn, aggressive and firm. because of his decision to go out to see the outside world and know it, he finally went out to be a sailor without the concession of his parents. he became a slave in the coast of africa because of the attack by a group of pirates, but he later escaped there for that he cannot bear the hard life, and he was saved by a portugal ship, and he was carried to brazil safely, where he attained a lot of money. but he was not satisfied with such property and designed to his dream to be on the way to sell slaves in africa when somebody advised him to do so. just because of it, he was flowed to an isolated island and was reduced to a lonely man without any company. thank goodness, there were so much food, clothes and tools left in the ship which was wrecked on the coast. he could still be alive for those materials. during the period, bible was his spirit support, he built house, got rice, tamed sheep and made leather clothes by the fur of animals. after twenty eight years, he was saved by an english ship to england. chapterthe of robinson crusoe2.1 the feature of characterfrom the above facts, we the readers may hold that robinson crusoe was a person with unreasonable, even mad personality, he could be easy and happy whatever life style he chose as long as he had not decide to go to africa. before he was reduced to be a lonely man, he had experienced the similar condition, the only difference was he was saved and could live the normal life, he himself once said that if he was not so aggressive and impious, he could never experience such kind of terrible life. when he was concentrated in the great ecstasy of survival, new danger was waiting for him. the life on the isolated island was difficult that we can not imagine. there were no existed food, no place to have a rest, no people to communicate with, besides all of these, the worst was the fear itself, he would be attacked by wild animal anytime, therefore, he must be alert to everything every time. if robinson crusoe was weak, he might have lost his heart to continue his life, and might do nothing. but he did not do so, the base of his unlucky fate was just his aggressive character, therefore, he was not depressed, not negative but positive to fight against nature, all of his activities were not only for survival, but also for creation. the first problem he must solve on the island was survival, robinson crusoe was born in the middle class family, so he believed his own strength very much, he believe only his own effort, not others, can help him to make his dream come true, to help him climb up the ladder of the social. therefore, he moved all of the useful materials to the island and did not fell tired for about forty times. so, he felt not so sad when the wrecked ship was flown by sea wave and then he built tent, made fence, built the house to live in, caught fish and sheep as food. in a word, he did everything he could to prepare for his later life on the isolated island. thank goodness, he attained enough food and materials to live on, and because of his kindness, he saved a person named friday, who helped robinson crusoe a lot, finally they saved a ship, in turn, the people in the ship saved them, they took them back to britain. until now, we could see robinson crusoe was reduced to be a vagrant, but finally he came back to human being.chapter robinsons attitudes towards the adversity3.1 learning to lose in adversityrobinson is not a person who was born with courage to confront the adversity. he is not a man who is eager to live stably. but owing to his rebellious thoughts about sailing, he is always faced with various adversities. why can he deal with the adversity well? when the adversity comes, is he happy? no. just as he said, he had a dismal prospect of his condition. it is easy to see that robinson also felt miserable. though the adversity came unexpectedly, and robinson also complained about his condition in the beginning. it is his transposing thoughts that changed his attitudes towards life. when he felt miserable about his condition, he thought of his companions misfortunes. he understood that his condition is not bad compared with them. as he said: “all evils are to be considered with the good that is in them and with what worse attends them.” it is just the same as the truth that to lose is another way to gain. there is no doubt that robinson lost many things, such as his companions, his comfortable lifebut he got more. he was survived, which is the most important for him. that is enough. life is everything. where there is life, there is hope.besides, robinson knew how to set the good against the evil to enjoy the comforts. robinson made a comparison between the evil and good, and understood that he got more than he lost indeed. as time went on, he learned to take more upon the bright side of his condition, and less upon the dark side, and to consider what he enjoyed rather than what he wanted. somebody thinks that if one gets great prestige, he will lose the freedom that the ordinary have; if one gets enormous wealth, he will lose the ease when he is sleeping; if one gets brisk business, he will lose a lot of timein a word, if everyone can think of his own gain and loss seriously, he will find that there is real loss in varying degrees in the process of gaining.3.2 making plans for the future on the islandrobinson is a foresighted person. when he ran into the adversity, he could deal with it calmly, and he could consider his future rationally. some people will lose his reasoning power when he is in a bad condition. but robinson made plans for his future life on the island. for example, he made a plan for his daily work: every morning he walked out with his gun for two or three hours if it did not rain, then worked until about eleven oclock, then ate what he had, and lay down to sleep from twelve to two as the weather was excessively hot, and then continued to work until the evening.he made plan not only for his daily work but also for his food, bullets and powder. his food was very limited. he always ate cannily. and he tried his best to find something eatable. some times he went hunting, which he could get some meat for eating through. and he tried to tame the sheep. then he got not only milk but also some mutton. his bullets were used cannily and seriously. only when it is quite necessary, he would use it. as for his powder, he considered it carefully; he separated his stock of powder into many little parcels to avoid danger. and he used them according to his plan. because he did not know how long he would live on the island. owing to his consideration and plans for his future life, he could live on the island for such a long time. assume that robinson did not consider his future life and did not make a series of plans for it, he spent his food, bullets casually, and how could he live on? no one knows.3.3 being perseveranttwenty-eight years is not a short time. it is difficult to live on an alone island for a person for such a long time. and he must bear the bad condition. but robinson survived. though he was unfortunate, he refreshed and began to plan for his own life; though he was in lack of many things, he tried his best to make them out, not to just think about what he wanted; though the things he made were not good enough, they could be useful in his life; though he met with many difficulties, he never gave up. he was perseverant until he was saved. living on an island alone for twenty-eight years is too difficult for a person. and he lived on the island with limited necessities. this was more difficult. and during the twenty-eight years, robinson lived comfortably and created his own “kingdom”. this resulted from his perseverance. when he met with some difficulties, he never gave up his hope, and overcame the difficulties with amazing willpower and tenacity. at last, he was saved. and during the twenty-eight years, robinson created the splendor of his life, which astonished many people.conclusionrobinson crusoes life in adversity was