司法制度论文道德制度化与道德的合法性.doc

道德制度化与道德的合法性 道德制度化与道德的合法性 the institutionalization of morals and the rationality of morality【中文摘要】 在从传统社会向现代社会转型的过程中,面对道德失范的困境,道德在生活和学术方面的制度化倾向都愈加明显。道德这种社会规范的特殊性即在于其是通过人的内心信念、社会舆论、风俗习惯来发挥作用,它是主体自觉自律的道德要求,通过道德教化及榜样的示范力量能够促成道德功能的实现。然而,道德制度化却是要借助于法律的强制力量来促使人们遵守道德。这样看来道德的制度化与道德的合法性存在着矛盾。本文从人的社会化角度特别是道德社会化的角度剖析了制度在道德形成和发展中的作用,表明道德制度化是个体道德形成的必经环节,这是其合法性所在。这也是当前道德建设中制度伦理建设的理论前提。论文由引言和四部分内容构成。引言部分简要交待了本论文选题的范围,该研究在社会主义道德建设中的理论意义,并对本论文研究主要范围内已有的文献进行了评述,指明了本论文所要解决的问题。正文第一部分对道德制度化倾向进行分析。道德制度化倾向在生活层面和学术层面的表现表明道德制度化已然成为社会生活的事实。社会的变迁,经济结构由传统自然经济向现代市场经济的转化是道德制度化生成的根本原因。由此导致的传统道德教育及社会舆论和人们的自觉无法有效调控社会秩序是诉求制度他律的直接原因。通过对道德制度化原因的剖析揭示出道德制度化是社会转型这一特殊历史时期应对道德失范、解决道德危机进行道德建设的有效路径。第二部分确定道德制度化的论域及对其质疑。伦理是反映共同需要的规范经社会认可后的具体化;道德是行为主体对伦理的认同和修养。因此,道德的本质在于个体行为的自律。把道德规范同政治、法律规范相比较,明确道德的合法性在于对人们行为的规范具有非强制性,从而人们对制度化道德的合法性有质疑。第三部分根据社会学中人的社会化理论探讨制度因素在道德社会化过程中的作用,制度为主体自觉自律的形成提供外部环境和约束力量。表明道德制度化在道德发展中的作用和意义是其合法性所在。第四部分得出结论:制度化道德在当下道德建设中的价值在于制度化是合法性道德建设的必经的环节,这使制度化有其现实的合理性,但社会的道德不能止于制度层面,必须由制度达到人的自觉【英文摘要】 during the transition from traditional society to modern society, face to the plight of the loss of morals, the institutionalized trends of morals in social life and academic aspects are increasingly obvious. the particularity of morals is it plays a role by the faith in peoples hearts, the public consensus, customs and habits and it is also a self-consciously moral demand of main body. moral education and moral models strength can contribute to morals function. however, institutionalized morals means which need to rely on the laws enforcement to make morals effective. thus, it seems that there is a contradiction between the institutionalization of morals and the morals rationality. according to the socialization theory, especially the moral socialization, this paper analyses the role of system in moral formation and development. it shows that institutionalization of morals is the essential link to the individual moral formation, which is its rationality and also the theoretical premise to carry on the moral institutionalized construction.the paper constitutes by the introduction and four parts. the introduction briefly shows the topic scope of this paper selected, the theoretical significance of this study in socialist morality construction. it also comments available related literature and points out the problem to be solved.the first part analyses the moral institutionalized tendency. the moral institution has already become the social fact. the transformation from traditional natural economy to modern market economy is the root cause of morals institutionalized. traditional moral education and social opinion and peoples consciousness are unable to effectively regulate the social order which is the immediate cause to appeal to the heteronomy of system. on the base of the analysis of the institutionalizations reason, this part revealed the institutionalization of morals is the effective path to deal with moral loss and moral crisis in this special historical period.the second part suggests the discourse domain of the institutionalization of morals and the questioned on it. through the distinction between ethics and morality, we acknowledge that ethics is a concrete need to reflect the common social norms recognized by the society while the morals are the recognition and accomplishment to ethics. therefore, the morals nature lies in the individual acts of self-discipline. compared with the political and legal norms, the validity of the moral norms lies in which is non-mandatory standards for people to obey. thus, it leads people to question the rationality of the institutionalized morals.according to the human socialized theory, the third part of the paper discusses the systems function in the process of moral socialization. the system provides the external environment and the restraint strength for self-discipline and autonomys formation. obviously, the institutionalization of morals function and significance in the process of moral development is its rationality.the fourth part draws the conclusion that the institution morals value is its a necessary part that the rational morality construction must pass through in current moral reconstruction. but societys morals cannot stop at the system, it must reach on the individuals consciousness by the system. 【中文关键词】 道德制度化; 道德合法性; 道德建设 【英文关键词】 the institutionalization of morals; the rationality of morality; moral construction 【毕业论文目录】摘要 2-4 abstract 4-5 引言 7-10 一、道德的制度化倾向及其成因 10-14 (一) 道德的制度化倾向 10-12 1、道德制度化的倾向在生活层面的表现 10-11 2、道德制度化的倾向在学术层面的表现 11-12 (二) 道德制度化倾向形成的原因 12-14 二、道德制度化的论域及对其质疑 14-21 (一) 道德制度化的论域 14-16 1、伦理与道德辨析 14-15 2、道德制度化 15-16 (二) 道德的合法性与道德的制度化 16-21 1、道德的合法