Pronunciation and intonation in English language communication.doc

pronunciation and intonation in english language communication english learners are aware of english pronunciation and intonation in the process of communication with others, plays a very important role. a different tone of voice can generate different roles and functions, if not handled properly, can easily cause misunderstanding or communication failed, so an accurate understanding of the speakers expression or the meaning of paramount importance. english pronunciation and intonation include the following eight areas: phonemic; tone combinations; lian du; word accent; sentence stress; discourse rhythm; strong reading and a weak reading; tone. among them, the word stress, sentence stress, rhythm and tone of discourse in the language of communication is particularly prominent. in order to better express the meaning of discourse, people talking can be deliberately emphasize or play down the sentence, a word or syllable that some word or syllable sounds than its neighboring words or syllables to be more loudly, and this is re-read. an accent to highlight the effect of 1.1 using the word stress in general, re-read the word or syllable sounds clear and loud, continuing longer hours. it can be said re-read and non-stressed syllable in english has emerged as an important feature of discourse. each word has its own fixed stress pattern. in addition, stress also has two functions: 1.1.1 can be similar to the word accent distinction between two cases: produce (noun, accent on the first syllable) they sell produce at the market. they are in the market sellers. produce (verb, stress the second syllable) cars produce a lot of smog. a lot of exhaust emissions from vehicles. there are similar: permit; insult; contract; progress; object; in-crease; survey, project; conduct, etc.1.1.2 can accent a syllable or a word in cases of stress: work to live or live to work? for work survival is still working for a living? in learning english accent rules, the first in a series of syllables to figure out what is in the stressed syllable, and which are non-stressed syllable, word stress errors may result in a misunderstanding of the meaning, but also may give rise to completely not understand what you are talkingwhat . second, pay attention to the non-stressed syllable be read as a true zero-re-read, ie non-stressed syllable sounds to light, to be weak. it is noteworthy that in the natural fluent spoken english, the number of non-stressed syllable is usually greater than the stressed syllable, and therefore, comfortable grasp of english accent in improving oral fluency very helpful. 1.2 sentence stress in english sentences, with english words, there are also accent, called the sentence stress. a sentence accented syllable sounds unambiguous, non-accented syllable sentence sounds rather vague. sentence stress always falls on the stressed syllable of the word. sentences to express ideas and feelings about stress plays an important role. so what words need to re-read the sentence? we know that statement one of the semantic function of a word can be emphasized, that is, with a statement, the word stress is usually what people want to emphasize the word. in other words, the reason why re-read the word, because the speaker to express specific information needs. therefore, the right to choose the stressed syllable, the stressed syllable and unstressed syllable naturally smooth link is to achieve language communication needs. the general rules of english accent is: content words need to re-read, function words do not need re-read. the so-called content words, that is, nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, numerals and other information words, they are often re-read the word in a sentence. empty words also known as function words, that definite article, pronouns, prepositions, auxiliary verbs, conjunctions and so on. function words and content words together to form grammatical sentences. however, the english accent of the general laws are not static. in order to express needs, often re-read some of the words may lose sentence stress, while others generally do not accept the accent of the word could also receive sentence stress. in order to content words, for example, they re-read this sentence, the word is, but if in this sentence or the previous one has emerged, it no longer contains important information, at this time is no longer re-read. example: is he coming? i dont think so. lets look at function words, as information expressed needs, they also can in order to re-read form. example: - did you saythis book ? here it is .- i saidthis bookandthat book. the word and this need not re-read, in addition to the repeat due to stress. can be seen, in order to express the information needs of almost every word sentence can have sentence stress. two effects of the use of words to emphasize the rhythm rhythm of discourse refers to people when they talk to the chest muscle contraction and relaxation produced by rhythm, is that people perceive as loud sounds or beats the stress peaks formed pattern. linguists will be divided into the rhythm of speech rhythm and stress syllable timed rhythm from time to time two broad categories, each syllable equal time interval occurs from time to time for the syllable rhythm, stressed syllable, etc. re-reading occurs from time to time for the stress rhythm. mandarin chinese syllable timing in accordance with the trend of english is usually referred to as stress from time to time according to language. english discourse re-read rule is: re-reading and non-stressed syllable has emerged. stressed syllable and the stressed syllable followed by a non-stress groups together constitute. without hesitation (enables people to speak slow down) or excited (enables people to speak faster) under the impact of factors such as stress discourse time between roughly equal. that is the rhythm of english law and spoke with the time needed for it does not depend on the number of words, the number of syllables, but it depends on the number of stress. if the sentence stress between the high number of non-stressed syllable, it is bound to faster speech rate, it sounds ambiguous. example: people plant trees.the people are planting trees.the people should have planted some more trees.put it down.ask him to put it down.could you ask him to put it down? i wonder if you could ask him to put it down? would it be possible for you to ask him to put it down? can be seen that sentence stressed syllable frequency is high, speed will be slower, syllables and sounds more natural clarity; stressed syllable for a long time between the non-stressed syllable , it sounds like the natural light and vague. practice will focus on the rhythm of discourse: learning to smooth, well-proportioned and naturally from one move to the next stressed syllable of a stressed syllable, in particular, should learn to be stressed syllable contains a number of unstressed syllables in reading well, in order to improve the spoken language listening comprehension levels and the corresponding level. 3 pronunciation and intonation features of english pronunciation and intonation voice scientists will feature summarized as the following four areas: 3.1-emphasis a) . is john in? . no, johns not in.b) . is john in? . no , johns not in.3.2 grammatical function . were going to have a meeting. . were going to have a meeting? but the boss is notin. the above example is declarative sentences into interrogative. not difficult to find, with rising tone when you say this sentence, meaning there are two: first, as an ordinary yes-no questions, but as a repeat questions with. in addition, anti-italian interrogative can use a falling tone can also be used rising tone, but the meaning is different. for example: . the students will have an examination, wont they? the speakers grasp the large, often used to need to confirm. . the students will have an examination, wont they? grasp the speaker is not normally used to understand the situation. 3.2.1 discourse function of discourse function is based on information in the context of the distribution of the decision: generally speaking, in the context if a word appears in the expected, the term of the information content of the low; information content, the higher the word, be paid the higher the possibility of nuclear. example: . my bike was stolen. . when? . just a few minutes ago. . when? . just a few minutes ago.4 that the tone of the speakers attitude can be expressed as the speakers attitudes and feelings, such as emotions and so on. wrlee professor, university of london, said: facial expressions, posture, speed, pause, volume and other factors combined with the tone of voice to express the speaker of the things around the level of interest. pitch changes are not the only means, but it marked the speaker excited level. therefore, we can say is the emotional tone of the thermometer. british and american people when talking, and sometimes there is no special words the words to express thanks