读者需要想象的空间_略论意象翻译.txt

20043 (79) ()language and translation(chinese) no.3,2004general no.79 (,510420) :, , , , (1959),: :; :h059 :a : 1001-0823(2004)03-0043-05 ,milky way , , milky way, , (1997),milky way , milky way, galaxy, ? , , , , : , (2000)(cultural default) , (contextual default), () , ,galaxymilky way (imagery), , , (绪,1990:335) , , , , , , 43(care-ta- ker)縺 , , , , , , (1990:23) , , shall i compare th- ee to a summer s day, (), , , (1997)the works of confucius, , : (1) just as we cannot understand chinese li- terature without any knowledge of the works of confucius, so all students of english should know something about the english bible. : , the works of confucius , , ,philadelphia lawyer,(1983:149f) , , :philadelphia lawyers practice , , , , 顣, , ? ,3 1. , , kill two birds with one stone to drink like a fish , , (), 治 (summit meeting)soft drink :sorrow went into my heart and pierced my bones, : (2) a. to look for a needle in a haystack b. to spend money like water c. a storm in a teacup : a. b. c.籩 : a. b. c.; : (3)“today you can buy social status imme- diately, with all the trimmings,“ says inv- estment banker and sometime social commentator, felix rohatyn. “ social status today involves an enormous amount of publicity 44and a certain level of stardom. we ve become beverly hills.“ : : , , 罻 (metonymy) , (:罻) (1997:35) : (4) the old mans heart missed a beat when he saw the pearl. : , , ,someones he- art misses a beat,someones heart st- ands still, , , , , , 2. , ,: frontier spirit, ,; , ,罫 ,: (5) mary and her mother are as like as two peas.(绪,1990:337) (:) (: ) : (6)a: an american officer stopped me and asked if i knew the region. b: “like my pocket,“ i answered. : :, :, (1998:189) , , : (7):red-eye diseases, a chinese colloquialism for envy (8):show off one s skill with an axe before lu banthe master carpenter : (9)play the lute to a cowcho- ose the wrong audience (10):one who retreats fifty paces mocks one who retreats a hundredthe pot calls the kettle black. (11),:the footing of a slatternlong as well as stinking 3. , İ wear tight shoes, a figure of speech indicating that some cadres secretly make things hard but unspeakable and impose restrictions on their subordinates, ,a bad translation can be most procrusteanprocrustes (), , ,峤, ,procrustean , , 45汾, ,? , 衣纺 ,running dog, , , 塣; ; , , , (1992:89): (12)the talk about raising taxes was a red flag to many voters : ,:, :, !, , , 60塱 (global village), 佻 , , , , , , (language-specific and culture- specific) , (1985:206) , , fishman , , : , , (codable) , , , , , : : a:? b:! , , ,1988:402 ,1992:109 :john steinbeck 顷(the pearl) , , , , , ,İ ,(,1985:29ff), 46(relexification), (1984),: (1998),:硣samovar et al:2000:89 wardhaugh,1986:214f : 1,.m.: ,1997. 2.m.:, 1990. 3.m.: 湫,1998. 4绪.m.: ,1990. 5.a. c.:,1993. 6.m.: 湫, 1983. 7.m.: ,1992. 8.m.: ,1985. 9.c.: 湫, 2000. 10.m.: ,1985. 11.j. ,1997(5). 12.j. 1997(6). 13.a. c.:湫, p234- 255, 2000. 14.m.:鹫 ,1988. 15baker, m, in other words: a coursebook of translation m, beijing: foreign language teaching and research press, 2000. 16 larson, m. l, meaning - based translationa guardian to cross - langauge equivalence m, lanham, marryland: university press of america, inc., 1998, (2nd). 17kramsch, c, language and culture m, sha- nghai: shanghai foreign language education press , 2000 18samovar, l.a. et at, communication between cultures m, beijing: foreign language teaching and research press, 2000 leaving some room for readersimagination on imagery translation zhao yi-nong (school of english cultural,guangdong university of foreign studies,guangzhou510420,china) abstract:imagery is a mode of thinking by means of image-building. images thus formed are embodied by figures of speech. images expressed in language contain rich culturally specific content, characteristic of a certain nation. images present a hard nut for translators to crack. with the mass media being increasingly popularized, however, cross-cultural communication will be equally on the increase, which will, in turn, improve readerscultivation. the present paper argues that translators are no longer supposed to assume the role of a caretaker. in translating images, they ought to retain as much cultural content as possible, leavi