《反意疑问句》word版.doc

反意疑问句1. 当陈述部分有never, seldom, hardly, few, little, scarcely, nothing, nobody, no, none, no one, rarely 等否定意义的词汇时，后面的反意疑问句则为肯定形式：There are few apples in the basket, are there? He can hardly swim, can he? They seldom come late, do they? 2. 当陈述部分含有由un-, dis-, no-前缀、-less后缀等含有词缀而意思否定的词，当做肯定句处理，疑问部分要用否定形式。如：He looks unhappy, doesnt he?The girl dislikes history, doesnt she? There will be less pollution, wont there? 3. 表示主语主观意愿的词含有think, believe, suppose, imagine, expect等动词后接宾语从句构成的主从复合句在构成反意疑问句时，视情况不同有两种不同的构成方式。 当主句的主语为第一人称时，其后的简短问句应与从句相一致。例如： I expect our English teacher will be back this weekend, wont she/he? We suppose you have finished the project, havent you? I dont believe that he can translate this book, can he? We dont imagine the twins have arrived, have they? 当主句的主语为第二、三人称时，其后的简短问句则应与主句相一致：Your sister supposes you need help, doesnt she? You thought they could have completed the project, didnt you? They dont believe shes an engineer, do they? She doesnt expect that we are coming so soon, does she? 4. 祈使句 当陈述部分是祈使句时，疑问句要根据语气来表达：一般情况下用will you 或 wont you。 Give me a hand, will you? Leave all the things to me, wont you? 以Lets开头的祈使句，疑问句必须用shall we；只有以Let us（听话人不被包括在“us”里面）或Let me开头的祈使句，问句才用will you。Lets have a look at your book，shall we？Lets try again, shall we? Let us know the time of your arrival, will you?Let me help you, will you? 5. 情态动词出现时，反意疑问句的构成规则：(1) 当陈述部分情态动词为must时，问句可有以下几种情况：mustnt表示“禁止，不可，不必”时，附加问句通常要用must；You mustnt stop your car here, must you? must表示“有必要”时，附加问句通常要用neednt；They must finish the work today, neednt they? You must leave now, neednt you?当must用来表示对现在的情况进行推测时，问句通常要根据must后面的动词采用相应的形式； He must be good at English, isnt he? The man must have a lot of money, doesnt he?当must+have done表示对过去的情况进行推测（一般句中有明确的过去时间状语），问句要根据陈述部分谓语的情况用“didnt+主语”或“wasnt/werent+主语”；如果强调动作的完成（一般没有明确的过去时间状语），问句要用“havent/hasnt+主语”。She must have read the novel last week, didnt she? You must have told her about it, havent you?(2) 当陈述部分情态动词为can时：如果can表示能力，前面肯定则后面用否定 cant；前面否定则后面用肯定can，eg：He can swim very well, cant he?He cant speak English, can he?如果can表示猜测，前面是肯定，后面则用 be动词否定形式或者助动词否定形式+主语。反之亦然，eg：It can be right, isnt it?It cannot be true, is it?It can happen soon, doesnt it?(3) 当陈述部分有 used to.时, 反意疑问句附加部分用 didnt/ usednt + 主语，eg： She used to visit her uncle on holidays, didnt she? She used to visit her uncle on holidays, usednt she?(4) 陈述部分含有 need, dare 时，反意疑问句构成如果need, dare 为普通动词, 反意疑问句附加部分用助动词 do 的某种形式。He needs help, doesnt he?当 need , dare 为情态动词时, 反意疑问句附加部分用其本身。 We need do it again, neednt we? He dare not say so, dare he?当陈述部分有 neednt 时, 反意疑问句附加部分一般用 need有时可用 must. He neednt do that, need he? He neednt do that, must he?(5) 当陈述部分有 ought to时, 反意疑问句附加部分用 ought或should.We ought to start at once, oughtnt we? We ought to start at once, shouldnt we? Such things ought not to be allowed, ought they? Such things ought not to be allowed, should they?(6) 当陈述部分谓语有 had better 时,反意疑问句附加部分用 shouldnt / hadnt，eg：Youd better put on your coat, shouldnt you? Youd better put on your coat, hadnt you? We had better go right now, shouldnt we? We had better go right now, hadnt we?(7) 当陈述部分谓语有 would rather 或 would like to 时, 反意疑问句附加部分用 wouldnt + 主语。 He would rather read the text ten times than recite it, wouldnt he?Youd like to have some bananas, wouldnt you?6. 特殊情况(1) 当陈述句部分是I am时，反意疑问句部分通常要用arent I；如陈述句部分的主语是I am not时，反意疑问句部分通常要用am I。例：Im late for the meeting, arent I? 我开会迟到了，是吗？Im as tall as your sister，arent I? 我和你姐姐一样高，对吗？Im not doing well, am I? 我干得不好，是吗？(2) 当陈述部分的谓语是wish，疑问部分要用may +主语。 I wish to go home, may I? 我希望可以回家，可以吗？由于wish是表达自己的想法，这里的反意疑问是在征求对方的意见。(3) 以there 开头的陈述句有两种情况： there be 句型时，疑问部分的主语用there, There are some books on the table, arent there? 当以表示“地点”的there 引导时，要用陈述句真实主语的相应代词形式作疑问部分的主语，常有这两个句型：There live There standThere stand two trees on the hill, dont they? There lived a poor old man in the woods, didnt he?7. 当陈述部分为主语+said/told/reported/asked+that从句时，反意疑问句部分的动词和主语要与陈述部分中主句的动词和主语保持一致，如：They said that you had finished your work, didnt they?Kate told you that she would go there, didnt she?8. 回答反意疑问句时，如果答案事实是肯定的，则用yes回答，如果答