新视野大学英语：SECTIONA：BeingHonestandOpen（诚实和开放）38P.ppt

being honest and open outline qlanguage learning qcheck of the exercises qoral discussion qlistening qsong old to newold to new intelligent assure consist of enrich tough clarify inevitable external apply hard, difficult; strong cant be prevented from happening clever outside request officially be made up of make sure or certain make clear, explain improve; make rich sell out to convenience stand firmly for ones convictions be honest and open about who you really are there is no middle point chinese to englishchinese to english 贪财图利 坚定自己的信念 诚实坦白地表现自我 两者之间没有折中可言 提高自己的内涵和素质 正视现实 用成熟的心态去迎接 生活的挑战 enhance ones inner value and personal growth face the reality be mature in ones responses to lifes challenges 原句: a good test for this value is to apply what i call the “integrity triangle”, which consists of three key principles. (l. 9) 一个检验这一价值观的好办法就是运用一个检验这一价值观的好办法就是运用本人本人 所说的所说的“正直三角原则正直三角原则”, ,它包含三大原则它包含三大原则 。 2) a good test for doing sth. is to do sth. else. 一个做某事的好办法就是一个做某事的好办法就是 句型提炼 (划线部分也可用以下短语： the key / secret / trick / the best course to 或 the guarantee / the art / bottom line / the best way / purpose of 等) expressions only lies are invented. any fool can tell the truth, but it requires a man of some sense to know how to lie well. truth fears no questions. a lie told often enough becomes the truth. lenin the first and last thing required of genius is the love of truth. goethe truth is beautiful, without doubt; but so are lies. ralph waldo emerson to lie or not to lie? “i “i have have already already seen seen it.” it.” (so (so that that i i wont wont have have to to go go and and he he / / she she would would not not invite invite me me to to see see the the movie movie again.)again.) “i “i have have a a prior prior engagement.” engagement.” (so (so that that i i wont wont have have to to go.)go.) “i “i will will have have to to prepare prepare for for tomorrows tomorrows exam.” exam.” (so (so that that i i wont have to go.)wont have to go.) “its “its just just a a boring boring film. film. lets lets go go somewhere somewhere else.” else.” (i (i think think he he will will understand understand me me and and wont wont waste waste his his time time watching such a film.)watching such a film.) directions: discuss the following cases in groups and see what you would probably say in each of the situations and why. 1) your friend invites you to see a movie that doesnt interest you. “cherish “cherish the the rest rest of of your your life. life. do do what what you you like: like: traveling traveling around around the the world world to to appreciate appreciate the the beautiful beautiful sceneryscenery，talking talking with with your your relatives relatives and and friends friends availableavailable，enjoying enjoying all all the the delicious delicious food food you you love love or or you you havent havent had had before, before, etc.”(so etc.”(so that that the the patient patient will will face face realityreality，enjoy enjoy life life before before his/her his/her death death and and wont wont blame blame me me for for not not telling telling the truth.)the truth.) “you “you will will recover recover soon. soon. there there is is nothing nothing serious.”(so serious.”(so that that he/she he/she will will believe believe that that he/she he/she will get wellwill get well， which will be beneficial.) which will be beneficial.) 2) you are a doctor and one of your patients is dying of cancer. “you you only only have have one one month month to to live.live.” ” (to (to a a person person who who probably probably still still has has half half a a year year to to livelive, , so so that that he he will will build build up up his his confidence confidence when when he he finds finds himself still living after several months.)himself still living after several months.) “you you are are dying.dying.” ” (to (to an an optimistic optimistic person) person) or or “ “you donyou don t have to worry.t have to worry.” ” (to a pessimist)(to a pessimist) “i i went went shopping shopping to to buy buy you you a a present.present.” ”(so (so that that the boss would not scold me.)the boss would not scold me.) “i i was was late late because because the the train train arrived arrived behind behind schedule.schedule.” ”(so the train is to blame(so the train is to blame， not me.) not me.) “i i had had a a stomachache.stomachache.” ”(to (to show show that that i i didndidn t t want to be late.) want to be late.) “i i m m sorry sorry i i overslept overslept because because my my alarm alarm clock clock broke broke down. down. but but it it wont wont happen happen again.again.” ”(to (to show show that that i i m m honest honest and and honesty honesty is is the the best best policy.) policy.) 3) you are late for work because you overslept. your boss asks you where you were. sometimes people have to lie for good purposes, which are called white lies. tips for cases in which white lies are usually made: to tell a dying patient he is hopeful to comfort a heartbroken person to avoid hurting others dignity tips listening 1 wrinkled wrinkled considerate considerate mean facedmean faced white lie white lie look look sbsb. in the eye. in the eye one in a millionone in a million 有皱纹的，起皱的；有皱纹的，起皱的； 考虑周到的，替人着想的；考虑周到的，替人着想的； 脸部难看的，丑陋的脸部难看的，丑陋的 无恶意的谎言无恶意的谎言 直视某人直视某人 万里挑一的，无与伦比的万里挑一的，无与伦比的 new born babiesnew born babies as pretty as a pictureas pretty as a picture 新生儿新生儿 像画一样美丽像画一样美丽 exercise 1-1 directions:directions: listen listen to to the the passage passage and and complete complete the the following following sentences sentences according according to to what you hear from the passage.what you hear from the passage. 1)1) newborn newborn babies babies often often have have angry angry expressions expressions on on their their faces faces that that seem seem to to say, “ _.”say, “ _.” 2)2) to to a a parent, parent, that that bald, bald, wrinkled, wrinkled, mean-faced mean-faced baby baby is is _ _ _._. go away! i hate everybody go away! i hate everybody the the most most beautiful beautiful and and perfect perfect child in the worldchild in the world exercise 1-2 when when that that proud proud father father or or mother mother asks asks you, you, “ “ _ _ ” ” you you usually usually say, say, “yes, “yes, she she is! is! shes shes _. _. shes shes _. _. shes shes going going to to be be _! _! i i can can tell! tell! shes shes _ _ _. ”_. ” white white lies lies dont dont hurt hurt people. people. people people use use them them to to _ ._ . it it is is important important to to be be honest. honest. but but many many people people feel feel that that _ _ is is sometimes sometimes more important.more important. being kind and consideratebeing kind and considerate 3)3) 4)4) 5)5) wellwell， what do you thinkisnt she beautiful? what do you thinkisnt she beautiful? a real beautya real beauty one in a millionone in a million a movie stara movie star as as pretty pretty as as a a picturepicture make a difficult situation a little easiermake a difficult situation a little easier tapescript 1 v very often，newborn babies are not beautiful. they are wrinkled or bald, or they have angry expressions on their faces that seem to say，“go away! i hate everybody.” but to a parent， that bald， wrinkled， mean faced baby is the most beautiful and perfect child in the world. when that proud father or mother asks you， “ well，what do you thinkisnt she beautiful?” what are you going to say? is this the time for the truth? of course not! v you look that proud father in the eye and say， “yes, she is! shes a real beauty . shes one in a million. shes going to be a movie star! i can tell! shes as pretty as a picture.” tapescript 2 v this is what we call in english a white lie. white lies dont hurt people; they arent cruel or angry words. people use them to make a difficult situation a little easier. when people refuse dates，forget their homework，or taste something new that they dont especially like while eating at a friends house， they tell a white lie. they are trying to be kind. they dont want to hurt someones fee lings. it is important to be honest. but many people feel that being kind and considerate is sometimes more important. directions:directions: listen to the passage carefully listen to the passage carefully and note down the three scientific findingsand note down the three scientific findings about lying.about lying. women are _women are _ _ . _ . 2) men are _2) men are _ _ . _ . 3) when people lie, their behavior changes 3) when people lie, their behavior changes _ _ _. _. better better liars liars than than menmen， particularly when telling a white lieparticularly when telling a white lie more more likely likely to to tell tell more more serious liesserious lies in in a a number number of of smallsmall， apparently apparently unimportant waysunimportant ways listening 2listening 2 _ _ 1) 1) a. a. you you are are short short of of cash cash right right now now and so unable to lend him any. and so unable to lend him any. b. b. you you will will probably probably hurt hurt his his feelings feelings if you lend him the money. if you lend him the money. c. c. he he will will forget forget to to pay pay you you back back and and you dont want to remind him. you dont want to remind him. d. d. he he is is in in debt debt and and wont wont be be able able to to pay it off. pay it off. c c directions:directions: listen to the passage again and listen to the passage again and choose the best answer for each of thechoose the best answer for each of the questions you hear from the tape.questions you hear from the tape. _ 2) a. women are better at telling white lies._ 2) a. women are better at telling white lies. b. women are better at making empty b. women are better at making empty promises. promises. c. c. women women are are more more likely likely to to tell tell one one side side of the story. of the story. d. women are more likely to tell serious lies. d. women are more likely to tell serious lies. _ 3) a. they dont want to hurt peoples feelings._ 3) a. they dont want to hurt peoples feelings. b. they dont have to fulfill all the promises b. they dont have to fulfill all the promises they make. they make. c. c. they they want want to to have have a a better better relationship relationship with their target consumers. with their target consumers. d. they hope to gain some advantage from d. they hope to gain some advantage from the lies they tell. the lies they tell. a a d d exercise 2-32-3 _ _ 4) 4) a. a. they they move move about about in in their their chair chair more more often. often. b. they make more gestures than usual. b. they make more gestures than usual. c. they blink more than usual. c. they blink more than usual. d. they tend to sweat more than usual. d. they tend to sweat more than usual. _ _ 5) 5) a. a. people people tell tell white white lies lies to to flatter flatter others others into believing they are beautiful. into believing they are beautiful. b. on the whole , men and women are b. on the whole , men and women are equally good at telling lies. equally good at telling lies. c. c. when when people people lie, lie, they they will will say, say, “i “i wish wish i were somewhere else.” i were somewhere else.” d. d. businessmen businessmen are are good good at at telling telling lies lies from which they hope to profit. from which they hope to profit. b b d d tapescript 1 what exactly is a lie? is it anything we say that we know is untrue? or is it something more than that? for example， suppose a friend wants to borrow some money from you and you say， “i wish i could help you but im short of cash right n o w.” in fact， you are not short of cash， but your friend is in the habit of forgetting to pay his debts and you dont want to hurt his feelings by reminding him of this. does this quality as a lie? v tapescript 2 a scientific study of lying shows women are better liars than men， particularly when telling a “white lie”. when a women at a party tells another woman thats he likes her dress ， she really thinks it looks terrible. however ， this is only one side of the story. other research shows that men are more likely to tell more serious lies. they tend to make promises which they have no intention of fulfilling. this is the kind of lie politicians and businessmen are particularly skilled at. they hope to profit from these lies in some way. v tapescript 3 research has also been done into the way peoples behavior changes in a number of small， apparently unimportant ways when they lie. it h