[计算机]6DHCP动态主机协议服务器配置.doc

一、 实训目的掌握linux下DHCP服务器的安装与配置掌握linux下DHCP客户端的配置二、 项目背景某企业计划构建一台DHCP服务器来解决IP地址动态分配的问题，要求能够分配IP地址以及网关、DNS等其他网络属性信息。同时要求DHCP服务器为DNS、WEB、Samba服务器分配固定的IP地址。该公司的网络拓扑图如下图所示。三、 实训练习1.安装DHCP服务roothome # mount /dev/cdrom /media /挂载RHEL的安装光盘mount: block device /dev/cdrom is write-protected, mounting read-onlyroothome # ls /media /查看光盘内容autorun RELEASE-NOTES-U3-bn.htmlEULA RELEASE-NOTES-U3-de.htmlGPL RELEASE-NOTES-U3-enimages RELEASE-NOTES-U3-en.htmlisolinux RELEASE-NOTES-U3-es.htmlREADME-bn.html RELEASE-NOTES-U3-fr.htmlREADME-de.html RELEASE-NOTES-U3-gu.htmlREADME-zh_TW.html RELEASE-NOTES-U4-es.htmlRedHat RELEASE-NOTES-U4-fr.htmlroothome # rpm -ivh /media/RedHat/RPMS/dhcdhclient-3.0.1-59.EL4.i386.rpm dhcpv6-0.10-17_EL4.i386.rpmdhcp-3.0.1-59.EL4.i386.rpm dhcpv6_client-0.10-17_EL4.i386.rpmdhcp-devel-3.0.1-59.EL4.i386.rpmroothome # rpm -ivh /media/RedHat/RPMS/dhcp-3.0.1-59.EL4.i386.rpm /安装DHCP软件，如果安装过就无需安装。警告：/media/RedHat/RPMS/dhcp-3.0.1-59.EL4.i386.rpm: V3 DSA 簽章：NOKEY, key ID db42a60e錯誤：統計 /media/cdrom 失敗：没有那个文件或目录準備中. # 100% 1:dhcp # 100%2.DHCP服务器的配置roothome # ls /etc/dhcpd.conf /查看是否有dhcp配置文件/etc/dhcpd.confroothome # more /etc/dhcpd.conf /查看dhcpd.conf文件内容，发现没有具体的参数。# DHCP Server Configuration file.# see /usr/share/doc/dhcp*/dhcpd.conf.sample#roothome # rpm -ql dhcp|more /查询dhcp软件相关的所有文件，找到dhcp配置文件模板/etc/dhcpd.conf/etc/rc.d/init.d/dhcpd/etc/rc.d/init.d/dhcrelay/etc/sysconfig/dhcpd/etc/sysconfig/dhcrelay/usr/bin/omshell/usr/sbin/dhcpd/usr/sbin/dhcrelay/usr/share/doc/dhcp-3.0.1/usr/share/doc/dhcp-3.0.1/README/usr/share/doc/dhcp-3.0.1/RELNOTES/usr/share/doc/dhcp-3.0.1/dhcpd.conf.sample /这个文件就是dhcpd.conf的配置文件模板/usr/share/man/man1/omshell.1.gz/usr/share/man/man5/dhcp-eval.5.gz/usr/share/man/man5/dhcpd.conf.5.gz/usr/share/man/man5/dhcpd.leases.5.gz/usr/share/man/man8/dhcpd.8.gz/usr/share/man/man8/dhcrelay.8.gz/var/lib/dhcp/var/lib/dhcp/dhcpd.leasesroothome #roothome # cp /usr/share/doc/dhcp-3.0.1/dhcpd.conf.sample /etc/dhcpd.conf /将文件模板复制到/etc下覆盖同名文件。cp：是否覆盖/etc/dhcpd.conf? y roothome #vi /etc/dhcpd.conf /使用vi编辑器打开这个文件并编辑。下面的内容是原内容。ddns-update-style interim;ignore client-updates;subnet netmask # - default gateway option routers ; option subnet-mask ; option nis-domain ; option domain-name ; option domain-name-servers ; option time-offset -18000; # Eastern Standard Time# option ntp-servers ;# option netbios-name-servers ;# - Selects point-to-point node (default is hybrid). Dont change this unless# - you understand Netbios very well# option netbios-node-type 2; range dynamic-bootp 28 54; default-lease-time 21600; max-lease-time 43200; # we want the nameserver to appear at a fixed address host ns next-server ; hardware ethernet 12:34:56:78:AB:CD; fixed-address 54; 在原配置文件的基础上进行修改，修改后的内容如下ddns-update-style interim;ignore client-updates;subnet netmask /指定子网为 ，子网掩码为c类# - default gateway option routers 54; /指定客户机的默认网关地址 option subnet-mask ; /指定客户机的子网掩码# option nis-domain ; /此项暂时不用，行前加#作为注释 option domain-name ; /此项设置DNS域名 option domain-name-servers ; /此项设置DNS服务器地址 option time-offset -18000; # Eastern Standard Time# option ntp-servers ;# option netbios-name-servers ;# - Selects point-to-point node (default is hybrid). Dont change this unless# - you understand Netbios very well# option netbios-node-type 2; range dynamic-bootp 01 00; /此项设置客户机获取的IP地址范围 default-lease-time 21600; /默认租期 max-lease-time 43200; # we want the nameserver to appear at a fixed address /以下设置host声明为指定的mac地址的主机设置指定的IP地址。 host webserver hardware ethernet 12:34:56:78:AB:CD; fixed-address 0; host dnsserver hardware ethernet 12:34:56:78:AB:CE; fixed-address ; host sambaserver hardware ethernet 12:34:56:78:AB:CF; fixed-address ; roothome # netconfig /此处