lesson3languagepoints.ppt

unit 2 lesson 3 sports stars text: venus and serena williams are sisters. they are also both tennis champions who often have to play each other! venus is now eleventh in the world, and her younger sister serena has moved up to third.,1.play sb:在一场比赛中，与某人竞争 - to be involved in a game; to compete against sb in a game she is playing helen in the semi-final.她和海伦在半决赛中比拼。 区别：play with sb. 和某人玩 he is playing with his friends outside. 他在外面和朋友们玩。,2. move up to提升到 our class moved up to third in the exam.这次考试，我班上升到第三名。 by the third lap, kate passed lucy and moved up to 2nd place.最终在第三圈，凯特追赶上了露茜上升到了第二的位置。 when you move up to mid-level, the best way to remember english words is to read a lot of english magazine, because it can tell you how to use them.当你达到中等级别的时候，最好的学习单词的方法就是多读英文杂志，因为它能告诉你怎么样来使用这些单词。 he has moved up to general manager他上升到总经理了。,text: the two sisters were born in a poor and dangerous area of california. it was full of drugs and violence. in a recent interview, venus spoke about the time when she and serena were practicing tennis and they had to run and hide as bullets started flying through the air. finally, in 1991, the sisters and their family moved to a safer area and since then they have never looked back.,speak about 谈及 ; 聊及 ; 谈起 ; 讲起 why did i speak about the hospital?我为什么我要谈起医院那些事？ speak about yourself, not about your friend .说你自己，而不是关于你的朋友 。 can you speak about how you learnt english at school?你能否谈谈你就读时是如何学英语的吗? speak nothing/something about he spoke nothing about that thing. 关于那件事他没说什么。 speak to sb about和某人谈某事 did he speak to you about the money i borrowed from him?他有没有跟你谈到关于我向他借钱的事?,speak about 谈及; 聊及 ; 谈起 ; 讲起 speak of 谈到; 提到 ; 谈及. speak on 论及 we spoke about the accident .我们讲到了那次事故。 he didnt speak of the accident.他没有提到那次事故。 i have spoken on that subject a great number of times.这个题目我已讲过太多次了。,speak讲 speak to sb about sth tell告诉 tell sb sth/tell sth to sb say说 say sth to sb talk交谈,聊天 talk to sb/talk sb about sth,the time when 这里关系副词when引导的定语从句,修饰先行词the time,并在所引导的定语从句中作状语。 the time when we got together finally came. i still remember the day when i first came to the school. we are living in an age _ many things are done on computer. a. which b. that c. whose d. when,d,1） i still remember the days we spent together. 2）he showed me the place he lived. 3）i still remember the days i stayed in beijing. 4）this is the place we visited last year. 定语从句,where,when,which; that; /,which;that; /,as当时 the play started as i got there.我到那里的时候演出开始了。 as i got on the bus， he got off.我上车，他下车。 the students were talking as the teacher came in.老师进来时，学生们正在讲话。,when while as的区别和用法 (1) 若主句表示的是一个短暂性动作，从句表示的是一个持续性动作，三者都可用： he fell asleep when while, as he was reading. 他看书时睡着了。 【注】as 用于引出一个持续性动词表示“在期间”时，其谓语通常只能是那些含有动作和发展意味的动词，一般不能是那些不用于进行时态的动词(如 be, seem, love, want, agree, see, know, have 等)， 下面一句中的 while 不能换为 as： a：im going to the post office. 我要去邮局。 b：while youre there, can you get me some stamps? 当你在邮局时，能帮我买几张邮票吗?,(2) 若主、从句表示两个同时进行的持续性动作，且强调主句表示的动作延续到从句所指的整个时间，通常要用 while： dont talk while youre eating. 吃饭时不要说话。 i kept silent while he was writing. 在他写的时候，我默不做声。 但是，若主从句表示的两个同时进行的动作含有“一边一边”之意思，通常用 as： she sang as she went along. 她边走边唱。 (3) 若从句是一个短暂性动作，主句是一个持续性动作，可用 as / when 但不用 while： it was raining hard when as we arrived. 我们到达时正下着大雨。,(4) 若主从句表示的是两个同时(或几乎同时)发生的短暂性动作，用 as / when： i thought of it just when as you opened your mouth. 就在你要说的时候，我也想到了。 (5) 若要表示两个正在发展变化的情况，相当于汉语的“随着”，一般用 as： things are getting better and better as time goes on. 随着时间的推移，情况越来越好。 as it grew darker, it became colder. 天色越晚，天气越冷。 (6) 表示“每当的时候”(暗示一种规律性)，一般要用 when： its cold when it snows. 下雪时天冷。 he smiles when you praise him. 你夸奖他时他总是笑笑。,(7) 若主从句所表示的动作不是同时发生，而是有先后顺序时，一般要用 when： i will go home when he comes back. 他回来时，我就回家去。 (8) when 可用作并列连词，表示“这时(突然)”；while 也可以用作并列连词，表示“而”、“却”(表示对比)；但 as 则没有类似用法： we were about to start when it began to rain. 我们正要出发，这时天开始下雨了。 he likes coffee, while she likes tea. 他喜欢咖啡，而她却喜欢茶。,(9) as 和 when 后均可直接跟一个名词，构成省略句，但 while 一般不这样用： as when a boy, he lived in japan. 他小时候在日本。 (10) when 和 while 后可接现在分词、介词短语、形容词等构成省略句，但 as 一般不这样用： when while reading, he fell asleep. 他看书时睡着了。 when while in trouble, ask her for help. 遇到麻烦的时候你就去找她帮忙。,since then从那时起 i havent seen him since then.从那时候起我就再没见过他。 since then, he has developed another had habit.自那以后，它养成了另一个坏习惯。 比较：since then与after that since then表示从过去某一点时间延续至说话时，强调到目前为止一直进行的动作或保持的状态。因此句中谓语动词一般用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。 after that表示在过去某一件事以后，但情况或动作并不延续到说话时，所以句中的谓语动词仍要用一般过去时。,i have been studying hard since then.从那以来我一直努力学习。 after that they took more attention to what i said and did.从那以后他们对我的一言一行更加关注了 after that he never passed any exam.从那以后他任何一门考试都从未及格过。 he has written more than 20 books since then.从那时候以来他写了二十多本书。,look back回顾；倒退；追忆；回头一看 looking back, i find how easy it was.回头一想，我发现这竟是如此容易。 i look back with pride and amazement.当我回顾过去时，心中充满自豪和惊叹。 please look back in a few days.请你过几天再来看看吧。 look back 畏缩; 后退常用于 not/never look back 中 once he makes a plan, hell never look back. 他一旦订了计划,就义无反顾。 after he got the advantage at the beginning, he never looked back.他在开始取得优势后，他从不回头。,look back on vt. 回顾(追想) i like to look back on my high-school days, which were the happiest in my life.我喜欢回顾我的中学时代, 那是我生命中最快乐的时光。 she can look back on her career with great satisfaction.她回顾自己的经历觉得心满意足.,text: the sisters father, richard, started to train venus and serena when they were young children. he has always been very strict with his daughters, training them hard to compete against each other. brandi, the sisters mother, taught her daughters at home so that they completed their high school while developing their tennis careers. today, both sisters are studying design at college. they have already expressed a keen interest in working in design after their tennis careers come to an end.,train vt.& vi.训练，锻炼，培养 vi.受教育；受锻炼；接受培训，接受训练；锻炼身体 she trained as a pilot.她训练成为一名飞行员。 he spends two hours a day training for the marathon. 他为了马拉松比赛每天训练两个小时。 she spent a few years training teachers to use new technology.她花了几年的时间培训老师使用新技术。 these dogs are trained to detect explosives.这些狗受过训练，能搜索爆炸物。,be strict with sb. 对某人很严厉,严格 his father is strict with him.他父亲对他严格要求。 but as a student, you have to be strict with yourself.但是作为一名学生，你必须要严格要求自己。 be strict in sth. 对某事要求严格 we should be strict in (doing) our work.对工作我们应该严格要求。 we must be strict in our study.我们在学习中必须严格。,compete against / with sb与比赛/对抗 the children compete against each other to reach the other end of the pool.孩子们比赛看谁先到达游泳池的另一端。 during the singing contest, mary competed with helen for the first prize.在歌咏比赛中，玛丽与海伦争夺一等奖。 compete in sth 参加比赛 how many people will compete in the race?有多少人参加这个比赛？,注意： compete with匹敌，比得上，媲美（多用于否定句） his house cant compete with yours. 他的房子比不上你的。 none of his later books can compete with his first one.他后来的书没有一本能比得上第一本。,so that “以便，为了” 引导目的状语从句, 放在主句之后。 ill speak slowly so that they can understand me. you must speak louder so that you can be heard by all,while doing在做时 听收音机时，她睡着了。 = while she was listening to the radio, she fell asleep. while listening to the radio, she fell asleep. 干家务时，我爸爸经常听音乐。 while he was doing house work, my father often listens to music. = while doing house work, my father often listens to music.,当while 引导的状语从句中的主语与主句的主语一致,且含有be动词的某种形式时, 从句中的主语连同be动词可同时省略。 while (he was) in london, he studied music and painting. while (she was) locked up in prison, she wrote her first novel. 她在狱中写出了第一部小说。 while working in that factory, he made many friends.,类似用法还用 when / though/after/if /unless等。 when (it was) completed , the museum will be open to the public next year . when (he was) asked what he had done, john just kept silent. work hard when (you are) young. after (he was) doing his homework, he went to bed.,1._ (在北京的时候), i paid a visit to the summer palace. 2. _(当是个年轻人的时候), abraham lincoln was a storekeeper and a postmaster. 3. _ (除非修理), the machine is of no use. 4._(要是给更多的关注), the boy could have turned out better. 5. a girl stood at the gate of the school as if _ (跟老师讲话).,when/while in beijing,when/as a young man,unless repaired,if given more attention to,talking with a teacher,练一练,在状语从句中若从句的主语是it或与主句的主语相同，且在谓语中含有be动词的某种形式时，常省略从句的主语和be。,rule,keen渴望的；热衷的；强烈的；敏锐的 mary has a keen interest in ballet. 玛丽对芭蕾舞有着强烈的爱好 。 i have a keen desire for being a teacher. 我一种强烈的做一名教师的愿望。 that is a keen football match.那是一场激烈的足球比赛. train yourself to be a keen listener and observer. 训练自己成为敏锐的倾听者和观察者。 he has a keen eye for detail. 他拥有对细节敏锐的观察力。,词组： be keen on喜爱,渴望, 热衷于 so you must be keen on pop music. 那么你一定喜欢流行音乐了。 mrs. miller is very keen on art.米勒太太对艺术很感兴趣。 be keen on doing= be keen to do渴望做某事，极想做某事 她渴望访问中国。 she is very keen on visiting china. she is very keen to visit china.,come to an end结束，终止；完事 the meeting came to an end at last. 会议终于结束了。 all good things come to an end. 所有的好事都会告一段落。 类似词组： come to a decision come to a stop come to a conclusion,text: the sisters road to success has been amazing. the first time venus played in a big event was in 1996. since then, she has won wimbledon and the us open twice. serena has continued to improve and make fantastic progress. in 1999 and 2002, she won the us open, and in 2002 and 2003, she was the womens singles champion at wimbledon. has tennis ever caused problems between the sisters? fortunately, no. “weve played each other before and it hasnt worried us yet!” says venus. “if she wins,” serena jokes, “mama says she has do the dishes!”,the first time首次；第一次。 相当于一个从属连词，常引导时间状语从句. i loved this picture, the first time i saw it. 我第一次到这幅画就喜欢上它了。 do you remember the first time you dunked? 你记不记得第一次扣篮是什么时候？ the first time i saw the film wa