be动词、助动词、情态动词讲解(基础篇)第一讲.doc

be动词、助动词、情态动词讲解 (基础篇)1、be动词的用法。beam / isare现在时waswere过去时单数复数英语中，be动词选用单数还是复数，要由主语来定，主语是单数，就用单数，反之用复数。 句中含有be动词时：肯定句： 主语be 其他否定句： 主语 be not 其他一般疑问句： Be 主语其他 ？ 特殊疑问句： 疑问词（what / who / when / where） be 主语 其他 ？I am a teacher. You are right. She is 16 years old. My father is at home. The students are playing games. My teacher was ill yesterday. There is a picture on the wall. There are two books on the table. be动词用法歌：我用am，你用are，is 连接他她它。 单数名词用is，复数名词全用are。变疑问，往前提，句末问号莫丢弃； 变否定，更容易，be后not莫忘记；疑问否定任你变，句首大写莫迟疑。 be动词作谓语，它后面一般跟名词、形容词或介词短语。 她个子很高。 她在教室里。 她是一个高个子的女孩。2、助动词的用法。英语句子按正常语序是“什么人或事物” + “做什么”，即，我们常说的“主语 + 谓语 + 其他”。 主语为I 或复数名词、代词时：肯定句： I / We / They / The students 动词原形 其他 。 We watch TV every night.变否定： 主语 dont 动词原形 其他 。 We dont watch TV every night.一般疑问句 Do + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他 + ？ Do you watch TV every night? Yes, we do. / No, we dont.特殊疑问句：疑问词 + do + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他 + ？ How often do you watch TV? 主语为单数名词或代词时：肯定句： 主语 + 动词第三人称单数形式 + 其他 + 。 He watches TV every night.否定句： 主语+ doesnt+动词原形+其他+。 He doesnt watch TV every night.一般疑问句：Does + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他 + ？ Does he watch TV every night? Yes, he does. / No, he doesnt.特殊疑问句：疑问词 + does + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他 + ？How often does he watch TV? 主语为单数或不可数名词，谓语要用单数第三人称，反过来，看见动词用了单数第三人称，可以推知主语是单数或不可数名词。 ( )1. How _ your dad help at home? A. do B. does C. is ( )2. _ goes bad easily in summer. A. Milk B. Apples C. Cakes 过去时的句式（当句子时态为过去时时， 动词用过去式，不受主语单复数的影响）肯定句： 主语 + 过去式 + 其他 + 。 He / We got up early every morning last year.否定句： 主语 + didnt + 动词原形 + 其他 + 。 He / We didnt get up early every morning last year.一般疑问句： Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他 + ？ Did he / you get up early every morning last year? Yes, he / we did. / No, he / we didnt.特殊疑问句： 疑问词 + did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他 + ? When did he / you get up every morning last year? 初中阶段，助动词一般只出现在否定句或疑问句中，助动词用在肯定句中表示强调。 3、情态动词的用法。 情态动词表示说话人的语气或情态。初中英语中，常见的情态动词有：can (could), may (might), should, must, will (would), ought to, have to, need等。 情态动词的共同点：不受主语单复数的影响；情态动词后用动词原形。情态动词和动词原形共同构成谓语部分。 肯定句： 主语 + 情态动词 + 动词原形 + 其他 + 。 She / They can swim well.否定句： 主语 + 情态动词 + not + 动词原形 + 其他 + 。 She / They can not swim well.一般疑问句： 情态动词 + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他 + ？ Can she / they swim well? Yes, she / they can. / No, she / they cant.特殊疑问句： 疑问词 + 情态动词 + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他 + ? Why can she / they swim well? Who can swim well?练习选择填空：1. Mybrother_ a teacher. He _ his pupils very much. A. is, like B. is, likes C. are, likes D. are, like2. A: How many days _ there in a week? B: There _ seven. A. is, is B. are, are C. is, are D. are, is3. The boy _ ill today. A. are B. is C. be D. am4. What _ your father _? A. do, likeB. is, likeC. are, likesD. does, like5. _ you go to school by bus?A. AreB. IsC. DoD. Does6. When _ your birthday?A. areB. isC. doD. does7. Which _ bigger, the sun or the moon? A. are B. is C. Be D. 8. My teacher often _ shopping on Sundays.A. goesB. gosC. goD. goed9.Listen! The children_.A. singsB. are singingC. is singingD. is sing10. Her voice _ like my mothers. A. sounds B. sound C. looks D. look11. It often rains and the crops _ fast. A. get B. turn C. grow D. become12. A: How are you _ now? B: Much better, thank you. A. getting B. feeling C. making D. turning13. He _ swimming.A. dont likesB. doesnt likesC. not likeD. doesnt like14. What _ they _ on Saturdays?A. does, doesB. do, doC. do, doesD. does, do15. Yang Ling_do exercise with_. A. doesnt, usB. dont, weC. /, usD. dont, usI.填入适当的谓语动词1.I_aboy._you aboy?No,I_ not.2.Thegirl _Jackssister. 3.Thedog_tallandfat. 4.Themanwithbigeyes_ateacher. 5._yourbrotherintheclassroom? 6.Where_yourmother?She_athome.7.How_yourfather? 8.MikeandLiuTao_atschool. 9.Whosedress_this? 10.Whosesocks_they? 11.That_myredskirt. 12.Who_I? 13. The jeans_onthedesk. 14. Here_ascarfforyou. 15.Here_somesweatersforyou. 16.Theblackgloves_forSuYang.17.Thispairofgloves_forJim.18. Physics _ my favorite subject.19. The police _ running after the thief.20. Our class _ going to the zoo. 将下列句子奇数变成否定句，偶数变疑问句。1. I like music. 2. He walks to school.3. They often have English on Monday. 4. The boys are swimming in the river.5. She smiles happily. 6. Mary went to the zoo last week.7. The workers made many cars in the factory.8. We should protect the innocent. 9. Her parents fly to London twice a month.10. All my classmates climbed the Tai Mount last autumn.11. The teacher asks us to clean the classroom.12. He will go