新目标英语八年级下册6--10单元短语.doc

Unit 10 Its a nice day, isnt it?I本单元语法讲解1. 反意疑问句（附加疑问句）：两部分组成，前面是陈述句，后面是附加的简短问句， 中间用逗号隔开。坚持“前肯后否， 前否后肯”2. 如果陈述句中有表示否定的never, hardly, little, few, nothing, nobody, no one, seldom等时，后面问句用肯定形式 She has few friends, does she?3. 回答：根据实际情况回答，事实是肯定的用yes,事实是否定的用no（注意前否后肯的句子中，yes含义为“不”no含义为“是” She is your sister, isnt she? 她是你姐姐，不是吗？Yes, she is. 是的，她是。No, she isnt. 不，她不是 She isnt your sister, is she? 她不是你姐姐， 不是吗 Yes, she is. 不，她是。 No, she isnt. 是，她不是3.祈使句（除lets外）无论是肯定还是否定，均用will you. lets用shall we其他参照课堂笔记II短语1. feel like doing sth=want to do sth.=would like to do想要做某事feel like sth. 觉得像. The traffic is busy.交通繁忙2. a thank-you note for.感谢信 thanks (thank you) for doing sth 感谢3. look through 浏览 at least 至少4. get along/ on well with sb与相处得好 a ball game fan 一位球迷5. be friendly to sb. 对某人友好 come along出现，来到6. the price is high/low价格高/低 the pen is expensive/cheap 东西贵/便宜7.be careful =look out 当心,小心be careful to do/not to do sth. 小心做/不做某事8. cross a street过街（穿过表面） by noon 到中午时9. watch sb do sth 观看某人做某事watch sb doing sth 观看某人正在做某事(类似用法的单词see看，hear听，feel)10. think of 想起 have a good day 祝你今天愉快11. make sb do sth 让某人做 My mother makes me clean my room. Make sb/sth+adj 让某人/物 The teacher makes math so easy.Friends like you make it a lot easier to get along in a new place.1. How much did the shirt cost? 那件衬衫花了多少钱？2. help sb (to) do sth,帮助某人 help sb with sth/doing sth在方面帮助某人3. enjoy doing sth 喜欢/享受做 have a good time=have fun=enjoy oneself4. I hope so. 我希望如此。 small talk 闲谈5. have a hard time (in) doing sth做费劲/困难= have problems (in) doing sth I was having a hard time finding it until you came along.18. Hes really good, isnt he? 他真棒啊，不是吗？ He sure is. 确实是。Unit 9 Have you ever been to an amusement park?I本单元语法讲解概念1现在完成时态表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。结构 sb have/has done(动词的过去分词) 否定： have/has + not 一般疑问句： have/has 提前本时态标志词：already （“已经”，用于肯定句中，放在have /has之后或句尾）； yet （“仍然”“还（没）”，用于疑问句或否定句的句尾） just（“刚刚”，放have /has之后）；before “以前”，ever“曾经”， never “从没有”We have studied English already.I have not finished the homework yetHas our teacher just left? Yes, he has. No, he hasnt.概念2. 某个动作从过去已经开始,一直持续到现在。和这些时间连用时（for: +时间段，Since +时间点，since+过去时句子）动词必须是延续性动词 错误例句： She has borrowed the book for two days. 正确例句 She has kept(keep的过去分词) the book for two days.II短语1. take a ride 兜风 take the subway2. have been to, have gone to during the daytime在白天3. on the one hand, on the other hand 一方面， 另一方面4. a good/ wonderful/great place to do sth 一个做的好地方an excellent place to take a vocation 一个度假的好地方5. end up 结束 take a holiday/vacation度假6. all year round 全年 such as例如take lessons上课7. wake up醒来 wake sb up唤醒/叫醒某人8. have a great/nice/wonderful/great time 玩得高兴9. an English-speaking country一个讲英语的国家10. be asleep睡着的 be awake 醒着的11. on board在船上 think about doing sth考虑做12. the best way to do sth 做的最佳方式 the best time to do sth做的最佳时间 Spring is the best time to travel to Beijing. 春天是去北京旅游的最佳时间13. improve my listening skills whetheror 不管还是 14. have problems (in) doing sth 做费劲/困难 15. Me neither. 我也一样不 Me too. 我也一样16. its becausethat. 正是因为才 a flight attendant 空中乘务员17. Its fun to learn another language. 学习另一种语言有趣 Its +adj+ to do sth18. Three quarters of the population are Chinese.四分之三的人口是中国人（population指人口总数，表示单数概念，指一部分人口，表复数概念）19. 分数 of +名词 ，谓语的单复数由分数后面名词决定Three quarters of water is mine. Three quarters of oranges are mine.21. Whats the population of China?中国的人口是多少？（不用how much提问）现在完成进行时和现在完成时的区别：1现在完成进行时比现在完成时更强调动作的延续性：2如果没有时间强调，现在完成进行时表示动作仍在进行，现在完成时则表示动作已经结束，3现在完成进行时一般不适用于表状态的动词，而现在完成时则可：Unit 8 Why dont you get her a scarf?I本单元语法讲解表示“向对方提出委婉的建议”的句型： 1.How/What about sth? 怎么样 How/What about doing sth 做怎么样？2. Why dont you do sth? = Why not do sth? 为什么不?II短语1. fall asleep 入睡 give away 赠送；分发 2. rather than 而不是， instead代替3. hear of hear about 听说 make friends with和交友4. take care of照顾 these days 目前，最近5. make a special meal 做一顿特别的饭 someone else 别人（else总是后置）6. encourage sb to do sth鼓励某人做 make(great) progress 取得进步7. an 8-year-old child 一个八岁的孩子 8. take an interest in 对感兴趣 a pig namedcalled Connie 被叫做， 被称为9. a good way to learn to do sth 一个做的好方法 a good way to learn English10. too +adj + to do sth 太.不能 He is too young to go to school11. A be as+ adj或者adv原形+as B A和B一They sing as well as native speaker12. different kinds of 不同种类 make her happy 使她高兴13. in different ways以不同的方式 win the prize14. Thats too personal那太私人化了 Thats not interesting enough那不够有趣not special creative enough不够特别/不够有创意 (enough修饰形容词,副词要后置)15. besides的意思是“除之外，还有”，是肯定的；，包括 besides 后面的宾语在内，含有“加上”的意思。I have three other pens besides this. 除了这支笔外，我还有另外三支笔。except（but）的意思是“除之外，没有”是否定的；不包括 except 后的宾语在内，含有“减去”的意思。Everybody is here except（but）Mary 除了Mary之外，大家都来了。15. sth cost sb ￥. 某物花费某人多少钱This bag cost me 200 RMB.It takes sb time to do sth 做花了某人多少时间 It took me a day to clean the room.Sb pay ￥ for sth某人为某物付了多少钱 I paid for the bag.Sb spend ￥ on sth 在某某上花了多少钱 I spent 200RMB on the bag.Sb spend ￥(in) doing sth 在做上花了多少钱 I spent 200RMB in buying the bag.17 buy sb sth = buy sth for sb buy sb sth=buy sth for sb 为某人买某物Unit 7 Would you mind turning down the music?I本单元语法讲解1.“礼貌的请求”句型： Would you mind (ones) doing sth? 你介意做.?Would you not mind (ones) doing sth 你介意不做?Would you mind my cutting in line? 你介意我插队吗？Could /Would you please do(动原) sth? 请你做好吗？Could/Would you please not do(动原) sth? 请你不要做好吗？2. Would you mind (ones) doing sth? 的回答：针对mind, “yes”介意；“no”不介意 肯定回答：No, not at all. （不，不介意） Ok/Sorry, Ill do it right away. 否定回答：Im sorry, butII短语16. turn down/turn up关小声/调大声音（电器）17. turn on/ turn off 打开/关闭（电器18. in a minute/right away立刻,马上 not at all 根本不,一点也不 19. wait in line排队等候 cut in line插队 20. get mad/annoyed变得生气 get+adj 变得21. sth happen to sb 某事发生在身上 put on穿上22. at first首先 at last =finally 最后 order a hamburger 点菜，订购23. allow sb. to do允许某人做 be allowed to do某人不被允许某人做24. in public 当众地；公开地；公然地 in public places在公共场所 25. break the rule不遵守规则 wash/do the dishes洗餐具 feed the dog喂狗 26. pick up捡起 put out熄灭 drop litter扔垃圾 27. keep the voice down控制声音 even if 即使28. take care当心 Its better to do sth 最好做.29. be at a meeting 开会 stand close to .站得近 welcome to 欢迎来到30. be late for school=arrive late for school 上学/上课迟到16. feel uncomfortable感觉不舒服 a bit+adj 一点=a little+adj17 try not to do sth 尽量不要做 go back to+sp 回到18. The pen you bought didnt work.19. one of +最高级+名词复数 “最之一” One of the most polite ways is to ask someone. 最有礼貌的方式之一就是询问人家Unit 6 How long have you been collecting shells?I本单元语法讲解1.现在完成进行时：表示从过去某时开始持续到现在，可能还要继续下去。 结构：have / has +been+ doing 否定: have/has +not (缩写： havent, hasnt) 一般疑问句： have/ has 提前I have been writing the letter since then.从那时起我一直在写这封信。（动作从过去一直持续到现在还在继续）She has been collecting stamps for ten years.自从10年前她就收集邮票了（动作从过去一直现在还在收集）。 How long have you been living here?你在这儿已经住了多长时间了。（“居住”动作从过去一直现在还在继续）2. for+时间段，可以用于多种时态 （提问用how long）I skated for two hours./ I have been skating for two hours.since+时间点/过去时从句， 只能用于完成时 （提问用how long）I have been skating since nine oclock.II短语1. raise money for 为筹钱 collect stamps集邮 2. run out of 用尽/完 by the way 顺便说一下3. be interested in 对感兴趣 more than=over超过4. fly kites放风筝 the whole five hours 整整五个小时5. th