being用法小结.doc

being的用法小结（摘）句子中的being是不能随便去掉的，在句子中出现being的情况大致分为以下几种： 一，being用作现在分词用法。（1）一种用作现在分词，是强调正在进行，尤其是在被动语态中的使用，这个时候，being只是一个描述进行时态的符号，如，The trees are being planted,这种用法比较简单，我们也很好分辨。（2）用作现在分词的时候.being用于作定语中，一般和过去分词连用，放在被说明名词后，表示进行时被动意义：The house being built will be our new laboratory.（3）being用于状语，一般有逗号，翻译时常加表示状语的词汇，如“由于”、“时”等：Being very tiny, aunts cannot often be seen by us.（4）还有一种现在分词的用法，是用作独立分词结构，含蓄的表示各种状态：1.There are a large number of different shapes of files, each being made for some particular kind of work.（伴随情况）各种锉刀的形状大不相同，每一种都是为特殊的一类加工而制作的。2.The resistance being very high, the current in the circuit is low.（条件状语）如果电阻很大，则电路内电流就小。3.Pumps are built in various types, their functions being the same.（让步状语）泵可制成各种形式，虽然其功能相同。4.That being the case, we will have to make some alternations in the plan.（原因状语）情况既然这样，我们就得把计划作一些更改。5.The temperature being 100, water boils and turns into steam.（时间状语）当温度为100时，水就沸腾并变为蒸气。（5）being用于介词后“主谓”结构中，即“介词+名词或代词+being+”。这时介词宾语是一种复合宾语。其中being为现在分词。例如：1.The pressure of a gas varies inversely as its volume, with temperature being constant.在温度不变条件下，气体压力是和其体积成反比的。2.The current produced is the result of chemical energy being changed to electric energy.所产生的电流是化学能变为电能的结果。3.They insisted upon their device being tested under operating conditions.他们坚持他们的装置要在运转条件下进行试验。4.We are pleased at them being successful.（用their代替them，则后面being为动名词。）我们为他们成功而感到高兴。二，being用作动名词时，“being+过去分词”作介词宾语或动词宾语的用法1.Water has the property of dissolving sugar, sugar (has)the property of being dissolved by water.（介词宾语）水具有溶解糖的特性，糖则具有被水溶解的特性。2.The object is at rest and resists being moved quickly.（动词宾语）物体静止时，它就阻止对它的迅速移动。3.This compound is readily decomposed by being heated.（介词宾语）这种化合物（通过）受热就易分解。4.On being heated, the two substances form a new compound.（介词宾语）这两种物质一遇热就生成新的化合物。三，“be+being+表语”用于表示一时的表现（这种就适用于你提出的第一个句子）1.He is not being modest today.他今天这样不太谦虚。2.They are being friendly.他们这样做就是为了表示友好。（意译）3.He is being a good boy today.他今天可是个好孩子。四、being用法小结（1）一般来说，在句中除去being短语后，句中缺少动词的宾语或介词的宾语，则这个being往往作动名词用。除此之外，being均作现在分词用。例如：Many substances are capable of being dissolved in water.许多物质能（被）溶于水。（句中去掉being dissolved in water，则介词of就缺少宾语，故这个being为动名词短语。）（2）being作现在分词时，前面有助动词be，后面有过去分词，则being用于进行时被动态；作定语时一般位于所修饰的名词后面（这两种情况一般均为被动态）；作状语时，一般用逗号分开；用于独立分词结构中，则除了用逗号以外，being短语前必有其自己的逻辑主语出现。现把上述小结用于下句分析：The rate of heat production depends also in the power being used in the heating element, this power being measured in watts.（第一个being短语为定语，第二个being结构为独立分词结构。）热量产生的速率也决定于加热元件内所用的功率，而该功率以瓦特计量之。（3）注意带being的固定词组“for the time being（暂时）”：1.