仁爱版八年级上unit2topic3知识点修改版.docVIP

Unit 2 Topic 3 一、 重点短语1.hurry up快点，赶快 ；hurry to do sth 急忙做某事2.go ahead（尤指经某人允许）开始，干下去，3.do more exercise多锻炼 4.do some cleaning做扫除5.all the time一直 6.have to（客观原因）不得不，必须；must(主观)必须7.keep away from远离- 20. healthy food健康食物8.Just a moment= Hold on, please. = Wait a moment, please. = Just a minute, please.稍等一会儿9.hepl oneself自救 help oneself (to )-随便吃- 10. take care of = care for = look after照顾11.take/ follow ones advice 采取某人建议 12. talk with sb和-交谈; talk about 谈论关于-的事；talk to sb 对某人谈话13. enjoy oneself过得愉快 14. Chinese medicine中药15. since then从那时起 16. on the other hand 另一方面17. on ones way to-在某人去-的路上 18. by mistake错误地19. ask for leave请假 ask for two weeks leave请两周的假 21. crowded places拥挤的地方 22. do/try ones best to do sth尽力23. change clothes often常换衣服 24. wash hands often常洗手25.ring sb up = call sb = phone sb =give sb a call/ phone = make a call 打电话给某人26. leave a message 留口信 27. take a message for sb/give sb a message = give a message to sb带口信 28. call sb back给-回电话29. take an active part in积极参加 30. teach oneself on the Internet网上自学31. be afraid of sb/doing sth害怕-，恐惧- be afraid +从句 害怕- be afraid to do sth 害怕做某事32 avoid doing sth 避免做某事 33.say no to sth/sb/doing sth 对-说不34. in groups 分组 35. break out (战争/灾难)爆发36.learn about 了解 learn to do sth 学习做- learn - from sb/sth 从-学到-37.on/over the phone通过电话 38. teach oneself = learn- by onself 自学39.Its ones duty to do sth. 做-是某人的职责 on duty 值日，值班40. a kind of 一种 all kinds of 各种各样二、 重点句型1.Sure,go ahead.当然可以，请问吧！ahead 意思是向前，这里的go ahead原意为向前走，在这里译作继续问问题，相当于go on2.Please tell my father to take care of himself 请告诉我爸爸照顾好自己。take care of 照顾，照料。同义词：look after , care fortell sb to do sth ask sb to do sth 注意：它们的否定式都在不定式to前加notwant sb to do sth get sb to do sth 表示让某人去做某时事3.Can I take a message?我能为您梢个口信吗？take a message 捎口信 leave a message 留口信 give a message to -给某人一个口信May/Can I-?征求意见 肯定回答：Certainly/Of course/Sure.Go ahead.否定回答：Sorry/No.Sb cant/had better not/mustnt(慎用)4.Ill tell her when she comes back.她一回来我就告诉她。本句是由when引导的时间状语从句。当主句的动词用一般将来时时，从句一般用现在时。如：Hell phoneme when he arrives in Beijing .当他到北京时，他将回给我打电话。5. -,he took an active part in the battle against it.他积极投身于抗击“非典”的战斗中。against 与-相对抗take part in = join in = be in-参加-；加入到某种活动中take an active part in-积极参加，如：You should take an active part in the sports meet in your school.你应该积极参加你们学校的运动会。6.between 用于两者间，among用于三者及三者以上。between-and- 在-和-之间7.Its my duty to save the patients. 救治病人是我的职责。its-to do- 做某事是-在此句式中，“to do - ”是真正的主语，而“it ”是形式主语，类似的句式有： Its dangerous to climb the tree.怕树很危险。8.电话用语：Could I speak to-? 或Id like to speak to-? 我能/想和-通话，可以吗？ 某人不在：Im afraid he/she isnt in/at home/here.9.I taught myself on the Internet. 我在网上自学。1）on the Internet 在网络上。介词on用来表示在网上、电视上、收音机里、电话里。如：2）on the phone， on the radio ，on tv3）each oneself自学，近义词组为： learn sth by oneself10.How often does Mr Brown exercise? 布朗先生多长时间锻炼一次？how often对频率提问，回答用 once/twice/three times-a day/a week/- ；exercise在这里为动词，意思是“锻炼，运动”。三、 语法学习1.反身代词的形式单数 复数第一人称myselfourselves 、第二人称yourselfyourselves 是形容词性物主代词+self/selves第三人称himself herself themselves itself 是宾格+self/selves2、反身代词的用法1）“by+反身代词”表示“单独地，独自一人地”。如：The boy couldnt make the model plane by himself那个男孩不能独自制作飞机模型。2)反身代词做动词或介词的宾语。do-by oneselfHe taught himself English when he was 12 years old.We must take good care of ourselves.3）反身代词作名词或代词的同位语时，起加强语气的作用，可译为“亲自，本人”。如：You d better ask your teacher about it yourself.你最好亲自去问你的老师。4）反身代词常与一些动词连用。如：“teach+反身代词”表示“自学”；“ hurt+反身代词”表示“伤到自己”。如：Jane teaches herself English.简自学英语。Lily fell down and hurt herself yesterday. 昨天莉莉自己摔伤了。注