介词的用法王西娟.docVIP

介词的用法（二课时）主备人：王西娟 讨论人：全体英语老师 使用人：介词的用法（第一课时）教学目标：介词的用法教学重难点：介词表示时间、地点、空间和其他关系。教学步骤：( ) 1. China lies _ the east of Asia and _ the north of Australia.A. to; to B. in; to C. to; in D. in; on( ) 2. _ the afternoon of March 8, the women in the city had a big party.A. To B. In C. At D. On( ) 3. We all agree _ you. Lets start at once.A. to B. for C. with D. on( ) 4. Wheres Lily? We are all here _ her.A. besides B. about C. except D. with( ) 5. Does your father go to work, _ foot or _ bike?A. on; with B. with; on C. by; on D. on; by( ) 6. Lucy was _ duty yesterday, but she forgot to clean the classroom.A. in B. on C. at D. of( ) 7. Timmy goes to school _ every day. Its 5 minutes walk from his home to school.A. in a bus B. by plane C. on foot D. by boat( ) 8. Mum, today is Mothers Day. Mike and I want to invite you to have dinner _ us at Shanghai Restaurant, which is famous _ its seafood.A. with; of B. with; for C. for; to D. to; for( ) 9. He has got a chair to sit _, but nobody to talk _.A. on; to B. /; with C. on; / D. /; to( ) 10. Jack has studied Chinese in this school _ the year of 2000.A. since B. in C. on D. by一、 介词的分类：按结构英语介词可分为3类：1简单介词（约有70个），如：in，at，on，by，with，for，beside，across等。2分词介词（约15个）如：during，following，considering等。3成语介词（约有500个）如：out of，because of，by means of等。二、 常用介词的用法（一） 表示时间：1、 表示时间的at, in, on：at表示片刻的时间，如：at 8 oclock ，常用词组有：at noon, at night, at midnight, at the end of, at that time, at the beginning of, at the age of, at Christmas, at New Year等。in表示一段的时间，如：in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening, in October, in 1998, in summer, in the past, in the future等。on总是跟日子有关，on Monday, on Christmas morning, on the following, on May Day, on a warm morning等2、 Before 和after表示前后，后面加点钟或从句。注：表示时间的in和after：两者都表示“在（某个时间）之后，区别在于in表示“在（一段时间）之后”，而after则表示“在（某一具体时间点之后）”，in短语和将来时态连用，疑问词用how soon;after短语和过去时态或将来时态连用，疑问词用when。如：Well be back in three days./ After seven the rain began to fall./ What shall we do after graduation?3、 for 、during、 through、 throughout 、between 、in、 within等表示一段时间。4、 until/till表示到“-为止”，在肯定句中用延续性动词，not-until在否定句中用翻译为直到-才，谓语动词用短暂性动词。Until/till后接从句时用作连词。5、 表示时间的since和from：since表示从过去到现在的一段时间的过程，常与现在完成时连用。from表示从时间的某一点开始，不涉及与现在的关系。一般多与现在时、过去时、将来时连用。如：I hope to do morning exercises from today./ We have not seen each other since 1995.6、 By 表示“到-为止”。（二） 表示地点和方位1、 at 和in 表示在某地。at指小地方，in后接大地方.2、 表示地理位置的in, on, to：in表示在某范围内，on指与什么毗邻，to指在某环境范围之外。如：Changchun is in the northeast of China./ Mongolia is on the north of China./ Japan is to the east of China.3、 表示“在上”的above 、over、 on和in：above表示“高于-”，表示相对高度； over表示在正上方； on只表示在某物的表面上，而用in表示占去某物一部分。 如：There is a book on the piece of paper./ There is an interesting article in the newspaper./ He dug a hole in the wall.4、 between, among：一般说来，between表示两者之间，among用于三者或三者以上的中间。如：You are to sit between your father and me./ He is always happy among his classmates.注意：但有时说的虽然是三个以上的人或东西，如果强调的是两两相互间接关系，适用于between。如：Agreements were made between the different countries. 在谈到一些事物或一组事物，而把它们视为分居两边时用between。如：The little valley lies between high mountains.。在谈事物间的差别时，总是用between。如：They dont know the difference between wheat, oats and barley.5、 By, beside, near都表示在-附近，但by表示就在旁边，紧挨着；near表示在空间、时间、程度或关系上距离很近或相隔很近；beside表示在近旁或紧靠，相当于next to 。6、 表示“穿过”的through和across：through表示从内部通过，与in 有关；across则表示从一端至另一端在表面上的通过，与on有关。如： Water flows through the pipe./ The old man walked across the street.7、 In ,into表示“进入-内”；on ,onto表示“在（到）-上”；in ,on侧重于状态，into ,onto侧重于动作。8、 in front of 和in the front of：in front of = before，是“在前面”的意思（不在某物内）； in the front of则是“在前部”的意思（在某物内）。如：There is a desk in front of the blackboard./ The boy sat in the front of the car.。9、 in the end, at the end of, by the end of：in the end作“最后”、“终于”解，可单独使用，后不接介词of；at the end of 表示“在末梢”，“到尽头”，既可指时间，也可以指地上或物体。不可单独使用；by the end of 作“在结束时”，“到末为止”解，只能指时间。不可单独使用。如：In the end they reached a place of safety./ At the end of the road stands a beautiful garden./ They decided to have an English evening at the end of this week./ by the end of last month he had finished the novel。( ) 11. -How are you going to the train station to meet your aunt?-Im going there _ my car.A. by B. in C. to D. on( ) 12. Andy often helps her mother _ the housework on Sunday afternoon.A. to B. with C. for D. of( ) 13. -Youd better not go out now. its raining.-It doesnt matter. My new coat can keep _ rain.A. in B. of C. with D. off( ) 14. English is widely used _ travelers and business people all over the world.A. to B. for C. as D. by( ) 15. My sister usually thinks _ her own language first. Then she turns her words into English.A. by B. in C. with D. through( ) 16. -Its kind _ you to come to see me.-Its a pleasure. You were so kind _ me.A. of; with B. for; with C. of; to D. for; to( ) 17. -Is the manager in?-Sorry, he is out. But he will be back _ three oclock.A. in B. on C. until D. before( ) 18. _ the age of fifteen, she had written scores of articles for a newspaper.A. At B. Before C. Since D. By( ) 19. In China, the price of TV sets has been reduced _ 30% in the last three years.A. on B. by C. with D. for( ) 20. When you called on me, I was _ a visit to Mr Smith.A. on B. at C. in D. to第二课时( ) 21. -Bob, you are wanted _ the phone. -Thanks a lot.A. on B. by C. of D. for( ) 22. The soil is made _ the dead leaves of the trees.A. up of B. of C. from D. by( ) 23. I didnt have any breakfast _ a cup of milk.A. besides B. except for C. except D. for( ) 24. Were sure youll be famous _ a writer before long.A. as B. for C. with D. by( ) 25. The writer often sat up far into the night working _ a new novel.A. for B. on C. with D. in( ) 26. You look tired. _ working indoors you should be out for a walk.A. Ahead of B. Instead of C. In front of D. In spite of( ) 27. You must stand _ line when you are waiting _ a bus.A. on; in B. in; for C. in; on D. on; for( ) 28. Man landed on the moon in 1969 for the first time. Have you ever heard _ it?A. on B. to C. of D. from( ) 29. Its very nice _ you to get me two tickets _ the World Cup.A. for; of B. of; for C. to; for D. of; to( ) 30. The woman feels worried _ her sick baby.A. for B. to C. on D. about其他介词的基本用法1、 表示“关于”的about 和on：两者都有“关于”的意思，不过前者为一般用词，而后者为较正式的“论述”。如：He told me about something important./ He wrote a book on science.2、 as, like：as作“作为”、“以地位或身份”解。如：Let me speak to you as a father.（事实是父亲）；like作“象一样”解。如：Let me speak to you like a father.（事实上不是父亲）。3、 by ，in， on乘坐交通工具。4、 in穿着，带着5、 into成为。Cut into; change into; devide into.6、 by，on，over，through通过-途径。7、 besides, except, but, except for：besides指“除了还有，再加上”。如：All went out besides me.；except指“除了，减去什么”，不能放在句首。如：All went out except me.；but 与except意思近似，表示“除了外”经常用在no, all, nobody, anywhere, everything等和其他疑问词后面。如：I never saw him reading anything but the newspaper.；except for表示“如无就，只是”表明理由细节。如：His diary is good except for a few spelling mistakes.。8、 表示“用”的in和with：表示工具的“用”，用with，而表示材料、方式、方法、度量、单位、语言、声音等的“用”，用in。如：He is writing a letter with a pen./ He wrote the letter in pencil./ We measured it in pounds./ Read the text in a loud voice./ Tell me the story in English。9、 Because of, for, from, with, of, at表示原因。(