新概念英语breakfastorlunch原文翻译及讲解.doc

Breakfast or lunch?早餐还是午餐？It was Sunday. I never get up early on Sundays. I sometimes stay in bed until lunchtime. Last Sunday I got up very late. I looked out of the window. It was dark outside. What a day! I thought. Its raining again. Just then, the telephone rang. It was my aunt Lucy. Ive just arrived by train, she said. Im coming to see you. But Im still having breakfast, I said. What are you doing? she asked. Im having breakfast, I repeated. Dear me, she said. Do you always get up so late? Its one oclock!它是星期日。在星期天我是从来不早起。有时我要一直躺到吃午饭的时候。上周日我起床很晚。我看着窗外。它是黑暗的外面。”多好的一天！”我的思想。”又下雨了。”正在这时，电话铃响了。是我姑母露西打来的。”我刚下火车，”她说。”我来看你。”“但我还在吃早饭，”我说。”你干什么呢。她问。”我正在吃早饭，”我又说了一遍。”我亲爱的，”她说。”你总是起得这么晚吗？现在已经一点了！”Lesson 2 Breakfast or lunch? 【New words and expressions】(5)until prep.直到until用于表示动作、状态等的持续，可译为“一直到为止”或“在以前”。在肯定句中，它与表示持续性状态的动词连用，表示持续到某一时刻：Ill wait here until 5. 我会在这里等到5点钟。在否定句中，它通常与描述短暂动作的动词连用，表示“到为止”、“直到才”：She cannot arrive until 6. 她到6点才能来。His father didnt die until he came back. until(后的从句)的时间终止之前,这个动作做了还是没做？做了前面的主句用肯定；没做用否定For he _A(C)_(wait) until it stopped raining. A. waited B. didnt waitA. leave B. left C. didnt leaveoutside adv. 外面(作状语)He is waiting for me outside.ring(rang. rung) v.(铃、电话等)响 vt. 鸣，(铃、电话等)响(这种响是刺耳的, 往往是提醒人做某事)Every morning the clock rings at 6.The telephone(door bell) is ringing.而风铃等响要用jingle，jingle (bell) (铃儿) 响叮当 vt. 打电话给(美语中用call)ring sb. 给某人打电话 n. (打)电话give sb. a ringRemember to give me a ring. /Remember to ring me. n. 戒指aunt n. 姑,姨,婶,舅妈(所有长一辈的女性都用这个称呼)男性则是uncle: 叔叔 他们的孩子：cousin 堂兄妹(不分男女)cousin的孩子：nephew 外甥；niece 外甥女repeat v. 重复 vt. 重复Will you repeat the last word? vi. 重做，重说Please repeat after me. 【课文讲解】1、It was Sunday.it指时间、天气、温度或距离，it被称为“虚主语”(empty subject)。作为第三人称单数的中性代词，it可以指一件东西、一件事件或用来指是什么人：It is a lovely baby.2、I never get up early on Sundays.on Sundays: 所有的星期天,每逢星期天,与一般现在时连用，表示经常性的行为。介词on一般用于表示某一天的时间短语中：on Monday，on Monday morning，on that day当使用last，next，this，that时，介词(以及定冠词)必须省略：Ill see you next/this Friday.never 从来不 (可以直接用在动词前面)=助动词+not (变成否定句,前面一定要加助动词)I dont like her.=I never like her.3、I sometimes stay in bed until lunchtime.在表达卧床时bed前不需加冠词：Its time for bed now.You must stay/remain in bed for another two days. 4、Just then, the telephone rang. It was my aunt Lucy.just then: 就在那时如果不知道对方性别, 他/她可以用it取代Who are you?/Who is it?5、Ive just arrived by train,by 直接加交通工具(不能有任何修饰词, 复数)；如果加修饰词, 就要换掉by用in或onI go out in/on two buses. (指具体的两辆车介词用in/on)如果是特指的交通工具，则要加冠词或其他限定词：My aunt left by the 9:15 train.by air 乘飞机 by bicycle/bike 骑自行车by boat乘船by bus 乘公共汽车by car乘小汽车by land 由陆路by plane 乘飞机by sea 由海路by ship乘船by train 乘火车6、Im coming to see you. 我将要来看你. 用 come 的现在进行时态 be coming 表示一般将来，表示近期按计划或安排要进行的动作。同样用法的动词有：go，come，leave，arrive，land，meet，die，start，return，join7、Dear me!天哪!英国人说Dear me!或My dear!美国人说 : My god! (发啊的音)美英的发音不同. 【Key structures】现在进行时和一般现在时现在进行时表示说话的当时正在发生或正在发生的事件,也用来表示现阶段(一段时间)的动向。现在进行时常与now，just，still等副词连用：I am working as a teacher. 现阶段He is still sleeping. (现在还在睡觉)Jane is just dressing up. 简正在打扮。一般现在时表示习惯性动作, 真理, 是过去、现在和未来都会发生的事情。一般现在时一般与频率副词often，always，sometimes，never，frequently，rarely，ever等连用。Helen never writes to her brother Tony. She sometimes rings him.频率副词往往放在句子中的实义动词前, 非实义动词后；如果既有实义动词又有非实义动词, 要放在两个之间；疑问句中副词往往放在主语后面。在否定句中not必须放在always之前，而且也出现在generally、normally、often、regularly和usually之前；not必须出现在sometimes和frequently之后。表示肯定的速记可以用在句尾；在特别强调和需要对比时，frequently、generally、normally、sometimes、usually等副词可用于句首。I get paid on Friday usually. very often the phone rings when Im in bath.非实义动词 : 系动词(be) 帮助动词构成时态的助动词 情态动词(must, can, may) 除此外皆实义动词. I frequently go to bed hungry. (形容词作状语)He went to school hungry.饿着肚子上学. You must come here hungry.空腹来这里. 【Special Difficulties】 以what开头的感叹句：在英语中可用what引导的感叹句来表示惊奇、愤怒、赞赏、喜悦等感情，在感叹中主谓语采用正常语序。What 对名词感叹，结构：What +a/an (+adj.)+n.(+主语+谓语)!What a good girl (she is)! (主、谓可省)有上下文和一定的语境, 才能省略形容词。一般省形容词表示批评或不大好的意思。What a thing to say! 多么难听的话啊！What (a lot of) trouble( he is causing)!【Multiple choice questions】8 He _a_ out of the window and saw that it was raining.a. looked b. saw c. remarkedd. watchedlook 表示看的动作，后面一定要加介词see 表示看的结果，后面直接加宾语watch 表示观看，后面直接加宾语, 但宾语一定是能够活动的东西look at pictures (对)；watch pictures(错)11 Breakfast is the first _d_ of the day.a. food b. dinnerc. lunch d. meallunch 中餐 food 食物 dinner 正餐 一天中最丰盛的那顿饭, 可能是中餐, 也可能是晚餐, 但决不会是早餐. meal 一顿饭第二单元练习题Unit 2 Ill help to clean up the city parks一、基本知识点1. sick 生病的，有病的；可在句中作表语Mary could not come because she is sick.也可作定语a sick child 【区别ill】ill与sick同义；但是只在句中做表语，不做定语。Mary could not come because she is ill.2. cheer (sb.) up（让某人）变得高兴；振奋起来The good news cheered up everyone in our class.3. give out分发；散发，相当于hand out，The teacher is giving out/ handing out the test papers. give sth. out to sb. 意为 。4. volunteer 【名词】志愿者 【动词】义务做，自愿做（某事）volunteer to do sth. ， The girls could volunteer in an after-school study program.5. used to do sth.过去/曾经(常)做某事，表示过去的习惯、动作或状态，并强调现在已经不再存在或发生。 There used to be a cinema here. They told me stories about the past and how things used to be. 6. alone 【形容词】独自一人的，无感情色彩：The musician enjoyed living alone and writing songs himself. lonely （感到）孤独寂寞的，带有很强的感情色彩，可做表语或定语。The lonely boy is not lonely now.7. care for sb./sth.照顾；照料 care 【名词】小心，关心take care of=look after 【动词】care about sb./sth.关心，在意某人/事 【形容词】careful / careless 【副词】carefully 8. such “这样的，这种，如此”，用于修饰名词 such+ a/ an+形容词+单数名词：such a good day /such an exciting match such+形容词+复数名词/不可数名词：such important decisions such delicious food 如果名词前被many, much, few, little修饰时，只能用so，而不用such：so many sick children/ so little time9. try out for参加选拔，争取成为Thirty football players tried out for the Best Player of the year.try out试用，试验10. journey 【名词】（尤指长途）旅行，行程；trip【名词】多指短途旅行；travel【名词、动词】travel around the world 【名词】traveler旅行者11.【复习】be busy with sth. be busy doing sth. 12.【复习】try doing sth. try to do sth. try ones best (to do sth.) 13.【复习】be worried about sb./ sth. = worry about sb./ sth. 14. raise money集资，筹钱；raise money for为筹钱 raise【动词】举起；提高；募集15. keep【动词】keep+名词，保留（某物）；keep+形容词，保持16.【形容词】broken破损的，出毛病的；blind瞎的，失明的；deaf聋的；disabled有残疾的，丧失能力的 在句中做定语和表语： 17. make it possible (for sb.) to do sth.使（某人）做某事成为可能，You helped to make it possible for me to have Lucky. make it +形容词(+for sb.) to do sth. 使（某人）做某事成为；think/find it +形容词to do sth. 18. make a difference to对有影响；对有作用，difference前可以用no, any, some, much等修饰，如The rain made no difference to the game. Hard-working makes much difference to study.19. difficulty【可数/不可数】表示抽象意义的“困难”时为不可数；表示具体的“难题、难事”时为可数；have difficulty (in) doing sth.= have trouble (in) doing sth. 20. train【动词】训练，trained为过去分词，可做定语，意为“受过训练的”a trained dog21. be excited about sth. ，Everyone is excited about the good news. 【复习】excited意为 ，在句中做 ；exciting意为 ，在句中做 。22. order【名词】命令，指示；顺序，次序【动词】订购；点（菜）follow the order ， 。23. change【动词】变化，改变Its hard for a person to change his life(style). 【名词】变化；零钱 change A for B用A换成B：When you travel in China, remember to change US dollars for RMB.24. repair 【动词】修理，修补； fix【动词】安装；使固定 【fix up修理=repair】 二、重要单词、短语1. several 2.satisfaction 3. understand 4. imagine 5. trainGive短语小结1. give up (doing)2. give out3. give away4. give inUp短语小结1. give up2. clean up3. cheer up4. fix up5. set up6. put up7. get up8. stay up (late)9. come up with10.take up (doing sth.)Out短语小结1. give out2. hand out3. try out4. go out5. eat out6. hang out7. find out8. get out