2013版八年级上册unit9语法.doc

Unit 9. Can you come to my party?语法：can 的用法1. 情态动词can 除了表示能力、许可、猜测 。还可以用于表示邀请。1）表能力，有“能，会，能够”的意思。例如：eg: He can run fast,but I can,t . -Can you drive a car ? -Yes, I can. 我会。/ No, I cant. 2）表允许，在口语中代替may，有“可以”的意思。 eg: Can I smoke in this room?3）表示可能性，常用于否定句和疑问句。例如： eg: Can it be true? 那会是真的吗？ Today is Sunday. He cant be at school. 扩展：can 和be able to1)cancould 表示能力；可能 (过去时用could) 只用于现在式和过去式(could)。be able to可以用于各种时态。 eg:They will be able to tell you the news soon. 他很快就能告诉你消息了。2)只用be able to： a. 位于助动词后。 b. 情态动词后。 c. 表示过去某时刻动作时。 d. 用于句首表示条件。 e. 表示成功地做了某事时，只能用was/were able to， 不能用could。 eg: He was able to flee Europe before the war broke out。2还可以用于表示邀请。当情态动词can 发出邀请时，其回答分为两类。一类表示接受邀请；另一类表示拒绝邀请。1）接受邀请-Can you come to my party?Sure , Idlove to .Yes ,I d love to.Sure , I think he /she /they will .2) 拒绝邀请 Sorry. I m not available . I m sorry .Im not free this weekend . I have to. I love to come .but Im afraid I cant. I have to.扩展： 想别人发出邀请、请求，建议、或是征求某人意见，还有以下的表达方式，大多数语气比较委婉，显得客气而有礼貌。1）Would you like / love (to do) sth.? “你想要(做)吗?” 这是一个很委婉的表示建议的句型,并带有与对方商量的意味。eg: Would you like to go to the cinema with me? Yes. Id like / love to.2）Shall I / we do sth.? “我(们)做好吗?” 此句型是用来提建议或征求对方意见的,语气委婉,商量的语气较浓。 eg:Shall we go to the zoo?3) Lets do sth. “咱们做吧。” 当你觉得可以直截了当地向对方提出建议,让对方和自己一起去做某事时,常用该句型,该句型后常加附加问句“shall we?”,使语气更加委婉。 eg:Lets listen to this tape, shall we?4) 主语+had(d) better (not) do sth. “某人最好(不要)做某事” 该句型用于表示对下级、晚辈的劝告,往往带有命令、强制的语气 eg: Youd better go to hospital at once.5) Why not do sth.? “为什么不?” =Why dont you do.? 表示向对方提出一种建议或询问某种原因,暗含有责备对方的意思。eg:Why not go and ask your teacher?=Why dont you go and ask your teacher?6) What / How about (doing) sth.?如果是在讨论式的谈话中,可用该句型提出一个建议或引出一个新话题。eg:What about meeting outside the school gate? My father is a worker. What / How about your mother?7) Would you like some.?eg:-Would you like some coffee.?- Yes, please./No ,thanks .【接受建议的应答语】 Yes, please. / OK. / Certainly. / Good idea. / Thats a good idea! / What a good idea!/ All right. / Sure. / With pleasure. / I would be glad to. / Yes, Id like / love 【不接受建议的应答语】 No, thanks. / Sorry, we cant. / Sorry, you cant. / Id like / love to, but .等。 【接受邀请的应答语】 1. Yes. With pleasure. / Yes, Im glad to. 是的,我很愿意。 2. Thats very kind of you. Thank you. / Its very nice of you. Thank you. / That would be very nice. Thank you. 你太好了,谢谢你!3. Id love to come. Thank you for inviting / asking me. 我很高兴来,感谢你邀请我。4. Yes / Certainly / Sure. Id like / love to. 是的,我很愿意去。【拒绝邀请的应答语】1. Id love / like to, but I have to .我很想去,但我不得不2. Im very sorry, but I cant .很抱歉,可我不能3. Thats very kind of you, but Im afraid .你真是太好了,不过我恐怕4. Sorry, but I cant. Thank you all the same. 对不起,但我不能,谢谢你。练习:( )1. I hope you can come to my birthday party next Sunday. _.A. Yes, you can B. Certainly! Its here C. Not at all D. Of course. With pleasure( )2. Would you like to come to my office this afternoon? Id love to, _ Im too busy.A. so B. but C. as D. and( )3. Why not go camping this weekend? _.A. You are right B. Good idea C. Thats right D. Never mind( )4. The room is so dirty. _ we clean it? Of course.A. WillB. Would C. DoD. Shall( )5. Would you like to drink some juice? Thanks. _, but I have drunk a lot of tea.A. Id love to B. I think so C. Im afraid not D. I dont think so( )6. Be careful! The water is too hot. Youd better _ it right now.A. do not drink B. not to drink C. not drink D. not drinking补充：1.could不表示时态，提出委婉的请求，(注意在回答中不可用could)。在否定，疑问句中表示推测或怀疑。- Could I have the television on? - Yes, you can. / No, you cantHe couldnt be a bad man. 他不大可能是坏人。2. 回答以 may 开头的疑问句有如下表达法：-May I smoke here? 我可以在这儿抽烟吗？-Yes, you may. / Yes, please. 请抽吧。-No, you cant. / No, you mustnt. / No, youd better not. 请不要抽烟。3. 回答以 must开头的疑问句有如下表达法： -Must I go there ?-Yes ,you must.-No, you neednt./ you dont have to what &how 引导的感叹句 形容词可数名字复数1）what + asan+ 形容词可数名字单数 （主语谓语）！(主语谓语是可以省略的。)形容词 不可数名词eg: what a nice day it is！ what nice people they are! 2) how 形容词 副词(主语谓语)！(主语谓语是可以省略的。)eg: how nice the day is!how fast the car rrns练习： 1_itistoday! AHowcold BWhatcold CHowacold DWhatacold2_badtheweatheris! AHow BWhat CWhata DHowa3_goodnewsitis! AHow BWhata CHowa DWhat4_thesunshineis！ AWhatabright BHowabright CHowbright Dwhatbright5_hewrites. AHowgood BHowwell CWhatgood DWhatwell6_exciting the news is! And itll arrive at the opening ceremony on August 8th, 2008.A. What a B.How C.How a D.What7_kind girl Nancy is! Yes. She is always ready to help others. A.What B.How a C.What a D.How8. Lets go out for doing sports. _sunny day! A