MPA联考写作解析.doc

在职联考英语作文解析一、 大纲要求应具备基本的英语书面表达能力，能够根据所给的提纲、情景或图表按要求写出相应的短文。所写短文要求主题明确，条理清楚，语言比较规范。写作速度应达到每小时240词以上。本部分采用提纲、情景或图表作文的考试形式。考生应按照要求写出一篇120词以上的英语短文。本部分满分为15分。二、 评分原则与标准评分原则与标准 满分：15 阅卷标准：2，5，8，11，14 评分标准： 2：条理不清，思路紊乱，语言支离破碎或大部分句子均有错误，并且多数为严重错误。(一塌糊涂) 5：基本切题。表达思想不清楚，连贯性差。有较多的严重语言错误。（糊里糊涂） 8分：基本切题。有些地方表达思想不够清楚，文字勉强连贯；语言错误相当多，其中有一些是严重错误。（马马虎虎） 11分：切题。表达思想清楚，文字连贯，但有少量语言错误。（清清楚楚） 14分：切题。思想表达清楚，文字通顺，连贯性较好，基本上无语言错误，仅有个别小错。（漂漂亮亮）字数不足扣分 1分：110-119 2分：100-109 分： 分： 分： 分： 分： 分：三、 写作对策l 内容是否紧扣主题，涵盖提示要点l 作文结构层次是否清晰l 语言表达是否流畅，有无重大错误，逻辑错误l 是否恰当地使用过度性词语l 字数是否达到要求l 卷面是否整洁，书写是否漂亮四、 作文得分点1、 结构: 文章的结构完整，例如：开头（引出话题），主体（论述或者说明），结尾（我的意见）2、词汇：词汇多样化，例如：think (believe, maintain, hold, argue, of the opinion); smile (laugh, mock, chuckle, grin, beam); say (whisper, murmur, mutter); look/see (glimpse, glance, scan, skim, peek, peer, peep, stare);3、 句型：句型多样化，简单句复合句混合使用，非谓语结构等4、 举例：举例不是讲故事，点到即可。例如：a) Modern science is so powerful that many deadly diseases are now curable.b) Modern science is so powerful that many deadly diseases like cancers and AIDS are now curable.5、 修辞：主要是修辞疑问句和比喻。例如：a) In order to enrich ones experience, one should pick up a part-time job.b) In order to enrich ones experience, why not pick up a part-time job?五、 历年作文题目分析20021人生有不同的目标：富有、名气、地位、幸福的家庭2其中我认为重要的是；理由是3结论。20031终身学习对每个人的重要性。2终身学习的方式有多种3你认为你应该采取哪种方式，为什么?2004近年来大学生在校外租房居住的现象越来越多，这个问题已引起社会各界的关注。人们对这一现象的看法不一，各持己见。1你对这个问题的观点是2理由是3结论2005Part VI Writing(30 minutes，1 5 points)Directions：You are to write in no less than 120 words about the topic “Do we need a shopping center in the neighborhood?” Your composition should be based on the Chinese outline given below. 1. 市里要在你家住的这个街区新建一个购物中心，你的意见(同意或反对)?2. 同意或反对的理由。3. 结论。2006青藏铁路于今年7月1日通车，请简单地谈谈青藏铁路建成和通车的重大意义，如经济、文化、旅游等方面。注：西藏Tibet 西藏的、西藏人、藏语：Tibetan2007中央电视台“圆梦行动”公益活动旨在动员社会力量捐助贫困学子圆大学之梦，你的作文可以1. 对贫困学子是否应受到捐助发表你的看法；或者2. 举一个贫困学子需要帮助的例子。2008Can the internet take the place of paper media?现在上网阅读的人越来越多，人们可以更快地从网上读到新闻、找到他们所需要的信息或下载文学作品。1. 你认为网络是否能最终代替书刊报纸？2. 举例说明你的理由3. 结论2009Part VI Writing (30 minutes, 15 points) Directions: You are to write in no less than 120 words on the topic of “A Threat (Threats) to Endangered Animals”. You may base your composition on the clues given below:Many animals are now in danger of becoming extinctAmong the threats to endangered animals is (are) The way to cope with the threat (threats)Conclusion.(Note: endangered 濒危)2010Directions: You are to write in no less than 120 words on the topic of “A Threat (Threats) to Endangered Animals”. You may base your composition on the clues given below:1. 如果有机会去国外度假，你会选择哪个国家？2. 请至少说出三个理由。2011Directions: You are to write in no less than 120 words on the topic of “What Do I Do to Stay Healthy? ”. You may base your composition on the Chinese clues given below and put your composition on the ANSWER SHEET.健康的标志是为了健康，最重要的是要我个人保持健康的做法是从以上分析可以看出，除2006、2007是情景类题目，即给出了一定的情景，例如身边事件、社会热点问题等，让考生进行评论，发表看法外，其他年份都是提纲类作文，即题目已经规定了写作的框架和思路，我们自由发挥的空间有限。这两类作文的写作方式基本相同，我们可以套用一定的模版来写作。图表式作文因难度太大，从未出现，我们认为今年也不可能出现，故不作讲解。六作文模板一）观点类作文模板1. 对立观点 我的观点模版1 + q8 D2 : I- T5 Z9 j* e Some people believe (argue, recognize, think) that (观点1). But other people take an opposite side. They firmly believe that (观点2). As to/for me, as far as I am concerned, I agree to the former/latter idea.There are a dozen of reasons behind my belief. First of all,论据1. More importantly, 论据2.Most important of all, 论据3. $ K1 R0 r* + . z5 q In summary, 总结观点. 4 ae; _ ?7 U; A0 P模版2 People hold different views about X. Some people are of the opinion that 观点1, while others point out that 观点2. As far as I am concerned, the former/latter opinion holds more weight. * Y b0 j- X; b, - M For one thing, 论据1. + s; ?$ j9 w; m1 D( Q+ z For another (thing), 论据2. 3 e0 y; # c8 o/ F, j c* U( Last but not the least, 论据3. To conclude, 总结观点. / D% q& y P: X$ z8 p- u7 ( N9 I7 ? b. a7 |2 / d% N! 模版3There is no consensus of opinions among people about X（争论的焦点）。Some people are of the view that 观点1，while others take an opposite side, firmly believing that 观点2。As far as I am concerned, the former/latter notion is preferable in many senses. The reasons are obvious. 6 4 A2 t/ T& O First of all, 论据1. Furthermore, 论据2.Among all of the supporting evidences, one is the strongest. That is, 论据3。 - . H/ T! z& t( p A natural conclusion from the above discussion is that总结观点。 2. 批驳观点式A.一个错误观点。B. 我不同意。模版4Many people argue that 错误观点。By saying that, they mean 对这个观点的进一步解释。An example they have presented is that 一个例子。(According to a survey performed by X on a group of Y, almost 80% of them 赞成这个错误观点或者受到这个错误观点的影响)。There might be some element of truth in these peoples belief. But if we consider it in depth, we will undoubtedly conclude that 与错误观点相反的观点。There are a number of reasons behind my belief. (以下参照辩论文的议论文写法)。二） 问题原因/方案类A.一个社会问题或者现象B. 产生的原因C.对社会和我们生活的影响D. 如何杜绝。(如果是问题的话)E. 前景的预测。模版5Nowadays, there exists an increasingly serious social/economic/environmental problem facing us. (X has increasingly become a common concern of the public). According to a survey, 调查内容说明这种现象的情况。(或者是一个例子)。There are a couple of reasons/causes for this problem/phenomenon. To begin with,_. Besides, _. Last but not least, _.结尾1：影响X has caused substantial impact on the society and our daily life, which has been articulated in the following aspects. 参照辩上文。结尾2：解决办法It is high time that we did something about the problem. A dozen of measures are supposed to be taken to prevent X from bringing us more harm. 同上结尾3：预测Based on the above discussions, I can easily forecast that more and more people will 模版6With the development of modern industry/society, more and more people are concerned about the problem that _ ( 主题问题). Accordingly, _ (伴随主题问题出现的新问题) is becoming more and more serious.Confronted with _ (主题问题), we should take a series of effective measures to cope with the situation. For one thing, _ ( 解决方法1). For another, _ ( 解决方法2). Finally,_ (解决方法3).To sun up, Im confident that a bright future is awaiting us if we can smoothly solve the problem.七、作文的开头与结尾1 开头万能公式一名人名言经典句型：A proverb says, “ You are only young once.” （适用于已记住的名言）It goes without saying that we cannot be young forever. （适用于自编名言）更多经典句型：As everyone knows, No one can deny that2 开头万能公式二数字统计原理：要想更有说服力，就应该用实际的数字来说明。原则上在议论文当中不应该出现虚假数字的，可是在考试的时候哪管那三七二十一，但编无妨。所以不妨试用下面的句型：According to a recent survey, about 78.9% of the college students wanted to further their study after their graduation.看起来这个数字文邹邹的，其实都是编造出来的，下面随便几个题目我们都可以这样编造：Honesty根据最近的一项统计调查显示，大学生向老师请假的理由当中78%都是假的。Travel by Bike根据最近的一项统计调查显示，85%的人在近距离旅行的时候首选的交通工具是自行车。Youth根据最近的一项统计调查显示，在某个大学，学生的课余时间的70%都是在休闲娱乐。Five-day Work Week Better than Six-day Work?根据最近的一项统计调查显示，98%的人同意每周五天工作日。更多句型：A recent statistics shows that 结尾万能公式：1 结尾万能公式一：如此结论 Obviously（此为过渡短语）, we can draw the conclusion that good manners arise from politeness and respect for others.更多过渡短语：to sum up, in conclusion, in brief, on account of this, thus更多句型：Thus, it can be concluded that, Therefore, we can find that2 结尾万能公式二：如此建议 Obviously, it is high time that we took some measures to solve the problem.这里的虚拟语气用得很经典，因为考官本来经常考这个句型，而如果我们自己写出来，你说考官会怎么想呢？更多句型：Accordingly, I recommend that some measures be taken.Consequently, to solve the problem, some measures should be taken.写作的“三项基本原则”：一、 长 短 句原则工作还得一张一驰呢，老让读者读长句，累死人！写一个短小精辟的句子，相反，却可以起到画龙点睛的作用。而且如果我们把短句放在段首或者段末，也可以揭示主题：As a creature, I eat; as a man, I read. Although one action is to meet the primary need of my body and the other is to satisfy the intellectual need of mind, they are in a way quite similar.强烈建议：在文章第一段（开头）用一长一短，且先长后短；在文章主体部分，要先用一个短句解释主要意思，然后在阐述几个要点的时候采用先短后长的句群形式，定会让主体部分妙笔生辉！文章结尾一般用一长一短就可以了。二、 主题句原则国有其君，家有其主，文章也要有其主。否则会给人造成“群龙无首”之感！一定要写一个主题句，放在文章的开头（保险型）或者结尾，让读者一目了然，必会平安无事！特别提示：隐藏主体句是冒险的。To begin with, you must work hard at your lessons and be fully prepared before the exam（主题句）. Without sufficient preparation, you can hardly expect to answer all the questions correctly.三、 一 二 三原则条理清楚。考官们看文章也必然要通过这些关键性的“标签”来判定你的文章是否结构清楚，条理自然。破解方法很简单，只要把下面任何一组的词汇加入到你的几个要点前就清楚了。1）to begin with, then, furthermore, finally（强烈推荐）2）to start with, next, in addition, finally（强烈推荐）3）first and foremost, besides, last but not least（强烈推荐）4）most important of all, moreover, finally5）on the one hand, on the other hand（适用于两点相互对立的情况）6）for one thing, for another thing（适用于两点的情况）7）in the first place, in the second place, last but not least.八、2009年作文详解2009年作文解析Part VI Writing (30 minutes, 15 points) Directions: You are to write in no less than 120 words on the topic of “A Threat (Threats) to Endangered Animals”. You may base your composition on the clues given below:Many animals are now in danger of becoming extinctAmong the threats to endangered animals is (are) The way to cope with the threat (threats)Conclusion.(Note: endangered 濒危)许多动物有灭绝的危险威胁濒危动物的因素有处理这些威胁的方法环境保护,生态保护是一个老生常谈的话题。这个题目可以这样写，第一段，切题，作文要拿到13分档，首先要切题，因此第一段一定要切到物种灭绝这个中心问题。我们参照模板5的写法：Nowadays, there exists an increasingly serious problem facing us. That is many animals, like pandas, tigers and some species of fish, are in danger of becoming extinct. According to a survey, animal species are disappearing at least 1,000 times faster than at any other time in the last 65 million years. 第二段分析原因，在此即指濒危物种面临的威胁。作为非专业人员，我们尽可能想的有科学依据，但要实在想不出恰当原因的时候，靠近就行。阅卷主要看语言组织情况，而不是考察同学们的专业知识：Among