《基础翻译讲义》参考答案增订版.doc

第1章 练习：(简体中文版和繁体中文版供参考)简体中文版： 史蒂夫乔布斯很早就知道了自己是被领养的。“我的父母在这件事情上对我很坦率。”他回忆道。他记得很清楚，六七岁的时候，他坐在自家屋前的草地上，向住在街对面的女孩讲述这件事情。“这是不是说明你的亲生父母不要你了？ ”女孩问。“天哪，我当时就像被闪电击中了一样,”乔布斯这么说,“我跑回家，大声哭喊。我父母说：不是这样的，你要理解这件事情。他们当时很严肃，直直地看着我的眼睛。他们说：我们是专门挑的你。他们两人都这么说，并且放慢语速向我重复这句话。他们强调了这句话里的每一个字。” 繁体中文版史蒂夫贾伯斯很小就知道了自己是被领养的。他回忆说：“关于这件事，我父母从来就没隐瞒我。”他记得很清楚，在他六、七岁的时候，有一天他和住在对面的小女孩坐在他家前面的草坪上，他对那女孩说了自己是被领养的。那女孩问：“所以说，你真正的爸爸妈妈不要你了？”贾伯斯说：“那一刻，我真有五雷轰顶的感觉。我还记得自己哭着跑进家门。我父母很认真、严肃地看着我的眼睛，一字一字慢慢地说，而且重复了好几遍：不是这样的，你要理解：你是我们特别挑选的心肝宝贝。” 比较与借鉴（供参考）繁体中文版更加熟练地使用了翻译技巧，如简体中文版将knowledge翻译为事实，繁体中文版则转换为动词，显得更自然，符合汉语表达习惯。两个版本对“that came from being in a different world than he was born into”的处理都欠妥当。繁体中文版的理解更准确，并通过增益法传译原文含义，但是稍显累赘。可以通过对world这个词义的具体化，译为：出身背景和生长环境的巨大差异，使他形成了与众不同的行为方式。 第2章 汉英语比较练习参考答案1.Laughing and talking with his classmates, he came back home gaily with the certificate in his hand. 2.Eating too much will not make people healthier; on the contrary, too much food, especially fatty food, will do harm to peoples health. Therefore, to be on a diet is preferable.第三章 词的翻译 I 词义的选择和词类的转换 送： a.送某人一本书 give somebody a book b.送礼 present a gift to somebody c.送信 deliver a letter d.送客 see a visitor out e.送行 see somebody off f.送雨伞 bring somebody an umbrella h.送孩子上学 take a child to school j将卫星送上天 launch a satellite k.送罪犯上法庭审判 hand the criminal over to the court for trial1. 开飞机 fly a plane2. 增加体重gain weight3. 增加预算 increase budget4. 抓紧时间make the best use of ones time5. 介绍经验pass on ones experience6. 传授知识 impart (hand on)knowledge7. 吃食堂eat in the canteen11. 听电话answer the telephone12. 三角债chain debts13. 来信写道the letter reads14. 学习知识 acquire knoleledge15. 扣帽子put a 1abel on第四章 词法翻译 词的增减注意后面的练习其实是复习全部词的翻译内容时用，其中也涉及词的转换： Its Gagas moment. Then he said, “ But youll do one song, right?” Im just here to do the comedy thing. Im not going to slow it down a little bit as I step off stage and make my way to a lady. Im not going to sing to her, like she is the only one here tonight.第六章1. 说起我到过的地方和见过的人，精彩的故事可多了。2. 如果你乘坐火车抵达芝加哥，即使只在那里逗留一两个小时，你也会感觉到从湖边吹拂过来的阵阵清风，这就是芝加哥之所以叫做“风城”的缘故。3. 从边境到北京，一路上沿铁路线，极目所望，但见田野到处是茁壮的庄稼，仿佛披上了一层绿毯，预示丰收在望。4. 他们八年前结的婚。对此，双方的家庭都曾十分震惊，而且都不赞成这桩婚事。不相识的人总以惊异的眼光打量他俩，还说些难听的话。所有这一切他俩都挺过来了。 5. 第七章中国青年报报道称，一名城管队员在出版了一本公开讲述自己工作经历的畅销书后，几乎一夜成名。这本城管来了：一个局内人的观点作者是北京城管宋志刚，书中对于中国城管这一角色进行了解读，长久以来这一群体因为与市民间爱恨交加的关系而处于舆论的中心。他们的职责包括帮助市民、让城市变得更美好，但同时也必须打击那些没有营业执照的街头小贩。尽管城管们会得到当地居民的微笑和答谢，但也常常因中断他人的生计，或不够人道或暴力执法而置身于铺天盖地的挖苦声中。在书中，宋志刚分享了自己作为一名城管的亲身经历，并写道他个人认为国内的城管系统还尚未完善。同时他针对北京和整个中国的社会问题发表了个人观点，表示尽管各方都在全力尝试解决问题，但并没有任何缓和的迹象。“目前，城市管理情况还远不能令人满意。”他写道，“城管们的粗鲁与暴力，使得市民和我们自己都觉得不痛快。这样没用。我们的城市应该更包容，更具人性化，也就会更加美好。”第八章 语体与翻译爱德华八世的禅位讲话导入活动：第二个版本比第一个语体层次更高。参考译文：第一个版本：但是，离开了我心爱的女人的帮助和支持，我是无法担负起国王的使命，并履行国王的职责的。请大家相信我所说的话。第二个版本：但是，要我担负起一国之王的重任并完满地履行这一职务所赋予我的使命，离开我所为之倾心的夫人的辅佐与协助， 我认为是不可能的。当我向你们郑重宣布这一点时，务请得到诸位的信任与谅解。3.1语体标记1.； 2.； 3. ；4. 5.A (formal), B(informal); 3.2 从句子层面表现出的语体差异（1）（2）B 比A更正式 （3）A比B更正式 （5）A比B更正式 课堂练习：1. It has been noted with concern that the stock of books in the library has been declining alarmingly, students are requested to remind themselves of the rules for the borrowing and returning of books and to bear in mind the needs of other students. Penalties for overdue books will in the future be strictly enforced.2 .The number of books in the library has been going down . Please make sure you know the rules for borrowing, and dont forget that the library is for everyones convenience. So from now on , were going to enforce the rules strictly. You have been warned! 译文：1. 近日切查图书馆之图书锐减。诸位同学请注意借还书之制度，切记其他同学（学友）之需求。逾期不还者将严惩不贷。2. 图书馆的书一天比一天少了。请大家搞清楚借书的制度，别忘了，图书馆是为大伙儿提供方便的。从现在起，我们就要严格执行制度哪！大家都知道了吧！（别忘哪！大家一定得注意哪！）第九章电影英文对白：1. I know that one ,too.2. Listen, kid. Ill teach you some manners.3.So youve broken the law, you should be arrested.4.Its my duty to arrest anyone who breaks the law.5. According to Qing law, we must all wear a plait or face death.6. Ive put poison in all the food.7. Now, finally, well take our revenge.8. Oh, youre my kind of woman.9. Im willing to marry Miss Snow and love her for the rest of my life, or my nose will grow.10.and to prove Im the best wont take very long.练习11. Everybody knows that life on the Korean battlefield was rather hard.2. We will produce more grain this year than last year.3. I think I can be the first in my class as far as the ability of reading is concerned.练习21. Education is best achieved through the active and full cooperation between the teacher and the learner. 2.The universitys excellent faculty consists of young pioneering researchers and famous senior scholars of significant achievements. 3. A good life depends on exercising your mind and pursuing knowledge to the full extent of your ability. 4. You cannot get by in a foreign language course by cramming at the last minute. 第十章练习1. The quarterback rushed across the goal-line with the ball under his arm.2.You have made good progress in teaching and researching.3. Now people cannot do without TV.4. His lecture was not confined only to teaching methods.看电影学翻译1.That Kung Fu stuff is hard work, right? Are your biceps sore?2.Ive had a long and rather disappointing day, so3.I probably sucked more today than anyone in the history of Kung Fu，in the