中考英语语法之形容词的比较级和最高级.doc

中考英语语法形容词，副词的比较级和最高级一、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级形式 1单音节词和少数双音节词的比较级和最高级的构成情况构成方式原级比较级最高级一般情况加-er或-estnewlongnewerlong_new_longest以e 结尾的词加-r或-stfinelatefine_laterfinestlate_以“辅音+y” 结尾的词变y为i再加-er 或-estearlyhappy_happierearliest_重读闭音节的词末尾只有一个辅音字母先双写辅音字母，再加-er或-esthotthinfat_thinnerfat_hottest_fattest2多音节词和部分双音节词在其前面加more或 most。如： 原级 比较级 最高级 useful _ most useful difficult more difficult _ delicious _ most deliciousslowly _ _3特殊的不规则形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的变化原级比较级最高级good / wellbetter_bad / ill_worstmany / muchmore_little_leastoldolder（新旧或年龄）/elder（兄弟姐妹的长幼关系）oldest/ _ farfarther（表示距离, “更远”）/ further（程度， “进一步的”）/ furthest_二、 形容词和副词的比较句型1、原级比较：肯定句： as+原级+as “A和B一样” Eg. He is as tall as I.否定句： not so (as) +原级+as “A不如B” Eg. He is not so/as tall as I.2、比较级比较：是同类事物之间进行比较，表示某人或某事物在某一方面超过某人或某事物。1）句型： 比较级+than+比较对象注：比较级前可加much ,a little,a bit,far,even,a lotEg.He is much taller than I. My brother runs a little faster than I. Unit ten is even more difficult than Unit one.在否定句,疑问句或条件状语从句中,修饰形容词,副词的比较级,只能用any来修饰.Eg.He cant jump any higher. Do you feel any better today? If you can jump any higher, I will give you a prize.2）比较级的形式可以表达最高级的含义： 比较级than any other n. （单） （适用于范围一致时） (all) other n.（复） any n.(单) （适用于范围不一致时） He is taller than any other student / all other students in his class. any student in my class.注：在这种用法中，关键是要有other或any 或否定词这些词来把一个人或事物与其他同类人或事物分离开。 、3）比较级+and+比较级 “ 越来越 ”Eg. It is getting hotter and hotter.用more 构成比较级的， 只重复 more Eg. more and more difficult4）the 比较级+the 比较级 “越越” Eg.The higher you stand,the farther you see.5）具体数字+比较级+than 表示确定的度量Eg. My brother is three years older than I. He is two inches taller than me.6）倍数、分数、百分数的比较 倍数等+asas / 倍数等+比较级+than Eg. Our school is three times as big as theirs. This bag is one-third as heavy as that one.This years output is 30% more than as that one. 7）表示“两者中较的那一个” 可表示为“A+be+比较级+of the two+” Eg. She is the better of the two daughters. He is going to marry the younger of Mr.Greens two daughters.8）当what 和which表示选择时，前者用于选择范围较小或较明确的场合，后者用于选择范围较大或不明确的场合。Eg. Which color do you like, black or white? 黑色和白色，你喜欢哪种？Which is bigger, the sun or the earth? 太阳和地球哪个大?What color is your car? 你的汽车是什么颜色的? 但是，若指人，即使选择的范围不明确，也可用which。Eg. Which What writers do you like? 你喜欢哪些作家?9）A + be +less/more +原级+than +B 表示 “A不如B”/“A比B更” Eg .Money is less important than honesty.3、最高级比较： 1）句型：the 最高级+of (in,among)最高级前可加by far, far, much, mostly, almost。Eg.This hat is nearly / almost the biggest in the shop. He is the tallest of us. He is the tallest among us.注：在最高级的句子中，通常都有in,of,among之类的介词来限定范围。形容词most前面没有the时，不表示最高级的含义，只表示非常。 Eg. It is a most important problem. =It is a very important problem.序数词通常只修饰最高级。例如： Africa is the second largest continent.2) 用one of +最高级+名词复数 / among+最高级+名词复数, 来表示“之一”谓语动词用单数。 Eg.Yao Ming is one of the tallest basketball players in the world. Yao Ming is among the tallest basketball players in the world.3) 区分：使用最高级要注意将主语包括在比较范围内（错）Tom is the tallest of his three brothers.（对）Tom is the tallest of the three brothers. 使用比较级要注意将主语排除在比较范围内 （对）China is larger than any other country in Asia. （错）China is larger than any country in Asia.【典型例题】1）- Are you feeling _? - Yes，Im fine now. A. any wellB. any betterC. quite good D. quite better2）The experiment was_ easier than we had expected. A.more B.much more C.much D.more much3）If there were no examinations, we should have _ at school.A. the happiest timeB. a more happier timeC. much happiest time D.a much happier time4）Your house is _ bigger than ours.A. two timeB. second time C. two times D.second times【基础练习】 1. Your room is _ than mine. A. three time big B. three times big C. three times bigger D. bigger three times 2 .When spring comes, it gets_. A. warm and warm B. colder and colder C. warmer and warmer D. shorter and shorter 3. _ he read the book, _ he got in it. A. The more; the more interesting B. The less; the more interesting C. The more; the more interested D. More; more interested 4. I like_ one of the two books. A. the older B. oldest C. the oldest D. older 5. Which do you like _, tea or coffee? A. well B. better C. best D. most 6. This work is _ for me than for you. A. difficult B. most difficult C. much difficult D. more difficult 7. Who jumped_of all? A. far B. farther C. farthest D. the most far 8. Li Lei is_ student in our class. A. tall B. taller C. tallest D. the tallest 9 .Tom is one of _ boys in our class. A. tallest B. taller C. the tallest B. the tall10. English is one of_ spoken in the world. A. the important languages B. the most important languages C. most important language D. the most important language 11.Im not _ to lift the heavy box. A. short enough B. enough tall C. health enough D. strong enough12. Which is_, Li Lei or Wu Tong? A. strong B. strongest C. stronger D. the strongest13. Do you have _ to tell us? A. something new B. new something C. anything new D. new anything 14. Most of the people in Guangdong are getting _.A. more and rich B. more rich and more richC. richer and richer D. rich and rich15. In our English study reading is more important than speaking, I think.I dont agree. Speaking is _ reading.A, as important B, so important as C, the most important D, the same as【中考演练】1.The turcky tastes _ the chicken.A, as better as B, much better than C, as well as D, the best to2.I like Chinese because it sounds _.A, wonder B, wondering C, wonderful D, wonderfully3.E-mailing is much _ than long distance calling.A, cheap B, cheaper C, cheapest D, the cheapest4.Your advice sounds _. Well all take your advice.A, well B, carefully C, wonderful D, correctly5.Nick didnt do very _ in the final exam, but his scores are _ than last yearsA, good, better B, bad, worse C, well, worse D, well, better6.The sand-storm from the north yesterday seemed to become _ in recent years.A, bad B, badly C, the worse D, worse7.The leading actor felt _ when he saw a lot of people cheering him. A, happy B, happily C, angrily D, lovely8.If you decide on the date to leave Shanghai, please tell me _ possible.A, as fast as B, as quickly as C, as swiftly as D, as soon as9.The price of the flats in the housing estates (住宅区) located in the center of Shanghai must be very _.A, big B, huge C, high D, expensive10.People prefer to send e-mail than to post letters because e-mail are much _ than letters.A, fast and convenient B, faster and convenientC, fast and more convenient D, faster and more convenient11.He hasnt got a very _ voice, but he sings very _.A, good, well B, good, good C, well, well D, well, good12.The Mars is far _ to us than the Pluto (冥王星). We wish we could live on it one day.A, close B, closer C, closest D, the closest13.Nowadays, more and more people do enough excise to keep their _ well.A, healthy B, health C, unhealthy D, healthily14.The girl looks as _ as a film star.A, lovely B, beautifully C, carefully D, swiftly15.In the exam, the _ you are, the _ mistakes youll make.A, carefully, little B, more careful, fewer C, more careful, less D, more carefully, fewer16.The turkey smelt _ the chicken wings.A, as delicious as B, as deliciously as C, much delicious than D, more deliciously than17.Our class teacher looked _ and said to us _. “Stop talking.”A, angry, angry B, angrily, angry C, angrily, angrily D, angry, angrily18.Canada, Australia and New Zealand are _ countriesA, English-spoken B, spoken-English C, English-speaking D, speaking-English19.The room wasnt _ for the doctor to operate on the lady.A, quite a clean B, enough clean C, clean enough D, much a clean20.A: My CD is seven yuan. What about yours?B: Only five yuan. Its _ than yours.A, less B, cheaper C, lower D, smaller21.The food not only looks nice but also smells _.A, good B, well C, lovely D, delicious22.Jane has a _ voice. She sang _ at the party last night.A, good, beautiful B