定语从句和倒装句.docx

定语从句专项练习题及详解501.The place _interested me most was the childrens palace.a. which b. where c. what d. in which2.Do you know the man _?a. Whom i spoke b. to who spoke c. i spoke to d. that i spoke3.This is the hotel _last month.a. which they stayed b. at that they stayedc. where they stayed at d. where they stayed4.Do you know the year _the chinese communist party was founded?a. which b. that c. when d. on which5.That is the day _ill never forget.a. which b. on which c. in which d. when13.Is there anyone in your class _family is in the country?a. who b. whos c. which d. whose25.Last summer we visited the west lake, _Hangzhou is famous in the world.a. for which b. for that c. in which d. what27.I can never forget the day _ we worked together and the day _ we spent together.a. when; which b. which; when c. what; that d. on which; when29.This is the reason _he didnt come to the meeting.a. in which b. with which c. that d. for which31.The reason _he didnt come was _he was ill.a. why; that b.that;why c. for that;that d.for which;what34.I have two grammars, _are of great use.a. all of which b. either of which c. both of that d. both of which40. Smoking, _ is a bad habit, is, however, popular.a. that b. which c. it d. though43. The number of the people who _ cars _ increasing.a. owns; are b. owns; is c. own; is d. own; are44.During the days _, he worked as a servant at the Browns.a. followed b. following c. to follow d. that followed参考答案及解析1. a. which用作关系代词，在定语从句中作主语。2c. 和谁讲话”要说speak to sb. 本题全句应为do you know the man whom i spoke to.。whom是关系代词，作介词to的宾语，可以省略。3. d. where是关系副词，表示地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。4. c. when是关系副词，表示时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。5a. which是关系代词，在从句中作forget的宾语。其他几个答案都不能作宾语。12. d. with whom引导定语从句.with whom放在从句中即为:my father works with the engineer.13. d. whose引导定语从句,在从句中作主语family的定语.25. a. for which 引导定语从句,使用介词for,是来自于从句中的固定短语 be famous for 以.而闻名.27. a. 两个先行词the day都是表示时间的名词,但第一个空白处要填的关系词在从句中作状语,因此要用关系副词when. 第二个空白处要填的关系词在从句中作动词spent的宾语,因此要用关系代词which或that来引导定语从句.29. d. for which在定语从句中作原因状语,可用why 来替代.31. a. the reason why was that.已成为一种固定句型，这一句中的why和that不能随意换位，也不能将that改成because，尽管that这个词在译文中可能有 “因为”的含义。34. d. 主句中的two表明不能选a.从句中的are表明不能选b. both of which用来引导非限制性定语从句.40. b. which is a bad habit 非限制性定语从句.43. c. 本句话的定语从句是who own cars. 其先行词是people,因此,定语从句的谓语动词要用复数的own。本句话主句的主语是the number of指“.的数目”，是单数概念。因此，主句的谓语动词要用is。44. d. that followed是定语从句，关系代词that在从句中作主语。英语部分倒装用法归纳1.否定副词位于句首时的倒装在正式文体中，never, seldom, rarely, little, hardly, scarcely, no sooner, no longer, nowhere等含有否定意义的副词若位于句首，则其后要用部分倒装：I shall never forgive him. / Never shall I forgive him.我永远不会宽恕他。He seldom goes out for dinner. / Seldom does he go out for dinner.他很少出去吃饭。She hardly has time to listen to music. / Hardly does she have time to listen to music.她几乎没时间听音乐。He little realizes how important this meeting is. / Little does he realize how important this meeting is.他不甚明白这个会议的重要性。We had no sooner reached the airport than the plane took off. / No sooner had we reached the airport than the plane took off.我们刚到机场,飞机就起飞了。【注意】(1)对于notuntil句型，当not until位于句首时，其后的主句要用倒装语序：He didnt leave the room until the rain stopped. / Not until the rain stopped did he leave the room.雨停了之后他才离开这房间。(2)某些起副词作用的介词短语，由于含有否定词，若位于句首，其后要用部分倒装：On no accounts must this switch be touched.这个开关是绝不能触摸的。In Under no circumstances will I lend money to him.无论如何我也不会再借钱给他了。但是，in no time(立即，马上)位于句首时，其后无需用倒装语序：In no time he worked out the problem.他马上就算出了那道题。2.“only+状语”位于句首时的倒装当一个状语受副词only的修饰且置于句首时，其后用部分倒装语序：Only then did he realize that he was wrong.到那时他才意识到他错了。Only in this way are you able to do it well.你只有用这种方法才能把它做好。Only when he returned home did he realize what had happened.当他回到家里时，才知道出了什么事。3. “so+adj. / adv.”位于句首时的倒装副词so后接形容词或副词位于句首时，其后用部分倒装：So cold was the weather that we had to stay at home.天气太冷，我们只好呆在家里。So fast does light travel that we can hardly imagine its speed.光速很快，我们几乎没法想像它的速度。So sudden was the attack that we had no time to escape.袭击来得非常突然，我们来不及逃跑。4.“so+助动词+主语”倒装当要表示前面提出的某一肯定的情况也同样适合于后者，通常就要用“So+助动词+主语”这种倒装结构：You are young and so am I.你年轻，我也年轻。She likes music and so do I.她喜欢音乐，我也喜欢。If he can do it, so can I.要是他能做此事，我也能。【注意】(from )(1)若前面提出某一否定的情况，要表示后者也属于同样的否定情况，则应将其中的so改为neither或nor：You arent young and neither am I.你不年轻，我也不年轻。She hasnt read it and nor have I.她没有读它，我也没有读。(2)注意该结构与表示强调或同意的“so+主语+特殊动词”结构的区别：It was cold yesterday. So it was. “昨天很冷。”“的确很冷。”Father, you promised. Well, so I did. “爸爸，你答应过的。”“嗯，是答应过。”5.由not onlybut also引出的倒装当not onlybut also位于句首引出句子时，not only后的句子通常用部分倒装形式：Not only is he a teacher, but he is also a poet.他不仅是一位教师，而且是一位诗人。Not only did he speak more correctly, but he spoke more easily.不仅他讲得更正确，也讲得更不费劲了。6.虚拟条件句的省略与倒装当if引导的虚拟条件从句中含有had, were, should等时，如将if省略，则要将had, were, should等移到主语前，构成倒装句：Had you come yesterday, you would have seen him.若你昨天来，你就会见到他了。Should you require anything give me a ring.如果需要什么，可以给我打电话。Were it not for your help, I would still be homeless.要不是你帮助，我会仍然无家可归。【注意】省略if后提前的had不一定是助动词：Had I money, I would buy it.假若我有钱，我就会买它。部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do, does或did，并将其置于主语之前。1)句首为否定或半否定的词语，如no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, at no time, in no way, not until 等。Never have I seen such a performance.Nowhere will you find the answer to this question.Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room.当Not until引出主从复合句，主句倒装，从句不倒装。注意： 如否定词不在句首不倒装。 I have never seen such a performance. The mother didnt leave the room until the child fell asleep.典型例题1)Why cant I smoke here?At no time_ in the meeting-roomA. is smoking permittedB.smoking is permittedC. smoking is it permittedD.does smoking permit答案A. 这是一个倒装问题。当否定词语置于句首以表示强调时，其句中的主谓须用倒装结构。 这些否定词包括no, little, hardly, seldom, never, not only, not until等。本题的正常语序是 Smoking is permitted in the meeting-room at no time.2） Not until the early years of the 19th century _ what heat is.A. man did know B. man know C. didnt man know D. did man know答案D. 看到Not until的句型，我们知道为一倒装句，答案在C，D 中选一个。改写为正常语序为，Man did not know what heat is until the early years of the 19th. 现在将not提前，后面就不能再用否定了,否则意思就变了。2. 部分倒装 1) 部分倒装即只把谓语的一部分（如助动词、情态动词等）放到主语前，或把句子的强调成分提前。 例：_ right now, she would get there on Sunday. A) Would she leave B) if she leave C) were she to leave D) If she had left 结合选项，全句的意思是：“如果她立刻就走，她就能在星期天到达那里”。答案是C。 2) 以否定词开头的句子要求部分倒装。注意下列句子中助动词或情态动词提前、甚至补充助动词的用法： 例：Not until yesterday did little John change his mind.（小约翰直到昨天才改变了主意。） 例：In no country _ Britain, it had been said, can one experience four seasons in the course of a single day. A) better than B) more than