石油工程专业英语翻译.doc

Petroleum engineering is a field of engineering concerned with the activities related to the production of hydrocarbons (hadrk:bn), which can be either crude oil or natural gas. Subsurface activities are deemed to fall within the upstream sector of the oil and gas industry, which are the activities of finding and producing hydrocarbons. Refining and distribution to a market are referred to as the downstream sector. Exploration, by earth scientists, and petroleum engineering are the oil and gas industrys two main subsurface disciplines, which focus on maximizing (mksmaz) economic recovery of hydrocarbons from subsurface reservoirs (rezvw:). Petroleum geology and geophysics (di(:)ufiziks) focus on provision of a static description of the hydrocarbon reservoir rock, while petroleum engineering focuses on estimation of the recoverable volume of this resource using a detailed understanding of the physical behavior of oil, water and gas within porous (p:rs) rock at very high pressure.The combined efforts of geologists and petroleum engineers throughout the life of a hydrocarbon accumulation determine the way in which a reservoir is developed and depleted, and usually they have the highest impact on field economics. Petroleum engineering requires a good knowledge of many other related disciplines, such as geophysics (di(:)ufiziks), petroleum geology, formation evaluation (well logging), drilling, economics, reservoir simulation, well engineering, artificial lift systems, and oil and gas facilities engineering.石油工程与碳氢化合物，可以是原油或天然气生产活动有关的工程领域。地下活动被视为属于上游行业的石油和天然气工业，这是发现和生产碳氢化合物的活动。提炼和分销市场，被称为下游部门。勘探，地球科学家，石油工程，石油和天然气行业的两个主要的地下学科，重点是最大限度地发挥地下水库的碳氢化合物的经济复苏。石油地质与地球物理研究所提供的油气储集岩的静态描述的重点，而石油工程侧重于使用非常高的油，水和气体在多孔岩石的物理行为的详细了解此资源的可收回量估计压力.地质学家和石油工程师的整个生命的油气成藏的联合努力，确定水库的开发和枯竭的方式，他