虚拟语气should和时态前移.doc

虚拟语气时态前移法：1.以下表格是虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中时，主句和从句谓语动词的形式：条件状语从句主 句与过去事实相反had + 过去分词should /would/could/might + have + 过去分词与现在事实相反一般过去时(be用were)would/should/could/might + 动词原形与将来事实相反一般过去时或should(were to) + 动词原形Would/should/cold/might + 动词原形If I were a boy, I would join the army. If he had taken my advice, he would have succeeded in the competition. If it were to rain tomorrow, the football match would be put off.（1）有时侯在使用时可省略if,句子则可换成下列形式，即“were / had / should +主语”。如：Were I a boy, I would join the army.Had he taken my advice, he would have succeeded.Were it not for the expense, I would go to Britain.（2）有时虚拟条件不用从句，而用介词without ，but for等或上下文暗示，如：I am busy now。Otherwise，I would help you。Without air，we couldnt live。（3）当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作相应调整。如：If they had worked hard, they would be very tired.(从句说的是过去，主句指的是现在)If I were you, I would have gone with him.( 从句说的是现在，主句指的是过去)2. “wish + 宾语从句”表示不能实现的愿望。如：I wish it were spring all the year round.I wish I had known the answer.I wish I could fly like a bird.（would/might/could）3.虚拟语气在as if/as though、even if/even though等引导的状语从句中，如果从句表示的动作发生在过去，用过去完成时；指现在状况，则用一般过去时；指将来状况则用过去将来时。如：He did it as if he were an expert.Even if she were here, she could not solve the problem.4.虚拟语气用在if only引导的感叹句中。如：If only I were a bird. If only I had taken his advice.5.would rather thatdid would rather thathad doneI would rather you lived in school now. I would rather you had gone there yesterday.Should类的虚拟语气1.在表示建议、要求、命令等的动词suggest、advise、propose、demand、require、insist request、command、order等后的宾语从句中，谓语动词用should + 动词原形或是动词原形。如：She suggested we (should)leave here at once.The doctor ordered she should be operated.2. 作表示建议、要求、命令等的名词advise、idea、order、demand、plan、proposal、suggestion、request等的表语从句和同位语从句，从句中的谓语动词用“（should） + 动词原形”。如：His suggestion that we (should)go to Shanghai is wonderful.My idea is that they (should)pay 100 dollars.3. 在主语从句中，谓语动词的虚拟语气用“should + 动词原形”的结构，表示惊奇、不相信、理应如此等。如：It is necessary (important, natural, strange, etc.) that we should clean the room every day.It was a pity (a shame, no wonder, etc.) that you should be so careless.It will be desired (suggested, decided, ordered, requested, proposed, etc.) that she should finish her homework this afternoon.4. “It is (high)time (that) ”中从句的谓语动词用一般过去时(be用were)或should + 动词原形，意思是“(现在)该”。如：Its time that I picked up my daughter.Its high time we were going.5.in case ,lest, for fear that引导的目的状语从句中用should + 动词原形Take an umbrella with you, in case it should rain.1I enjoyed the movie very muchI wish I the book from which it was made Ahave read Bhad read Cshould have read Dam reading2You are lateIf you a few minutes earlier,you him Acame；Would meet Bhad come；Would have met Ccome；Will meet Dhad come；would meet3I cant stand himHe always talks as though he everything Aknew Bknows Chas know Dhad known4His doctor suggested that he short trip abroad Awill take Bwould take Ctake Dtook5We might have failed if you us a helping hand Ahave not given Bwould not give Chad not given Ddid not give6The law requires that everyrone his car checked at least once a month Ahas Bhave Chad Dwill have7He was busy yesterday，otherwise he to the meeting Awould come Bwould have been Ccould have been Dwould be8If there were no subjunctive mood，English much easier Awill be Bwould have been Ccould have been Dwould be9 the fog，we should have reached our schoo1 ABecause of BIn spite of CIn case of DBut for10What will you do during winter vacation? I dont know，but its about time something AI decided BIll decide CId decided DIm deciding11He was very busy yesterday，otherwise，he to your birthday partyAwould come Bcame Cwould have come Dshould come12The two strangers talked as if they friends for yearsAshould be Bhad been Chave been Dwere13Look! What youve done!You have been more careful Ashould Bmay Cought Dwould14Without electricity，what ?Awill the world be like Bwould the world be like Cthe world will be like Dthe World Would be like15With your ability，you out the puzzle within a few minutesA could have worked Bneed have worked C ought to have worked Dmust have worked16My suggestion is that the sick boy to hospital as soon as possibleAis taken Bmust be taken Cbe taken Dhas to be taken17If we had not missed the bus，we lunch at home nowAwould have had Bwould have Cmust be having Dwould be having18 here yesterday，he would attend the lecture with us todayAHad he been BIf he were CWere he DShould be he19His tired face suggested that he really tired after the 1ong walk Ahad been Bwas Cbe Dshould be20Do you feel that I the problem in a different way the other day?Ashould come Bshould have solved Chave solved Dsolved210ur chairman hasnt come yetIf he on time，we would have to put off the meetingAshould come Bwould come Cshouldnt come Ddoesnt come22He insisted that he really very tried and that he to have a restAwas；be allowed Bwas；must be allowedCshould be；must be allowed Dshould be；be allowed23He did his best in everything； he would not have been what he was Aand Bbut Cotherwise Dbut that24I do I could give you a handAhope Bwish Cexpect Dthink25I Would rather she tomorrow than todayAcome Bcame Cshould Dhas come26The guard at the gate insisted that everybody the rulesAobeys Bobey Cwill obey DWould obey27I her if I thought she would understandAwould tell Bwill tell CWould have to1d Dtold28The teacher requires Rose by heart 15 English words each day A1earn Bto learn Cmust learn D1earning29If he ，he that foodLuckily he was sent to the hospita1 immediate1yAWas warmed；would not take Bhad been warmed；wou1d not have takenCwould be warmed；had not taken Dwould have been warmed；had not taken30Without electricity human life quite different today Ais Bwill be Cwould have been DWould be1. Just be patient .You_ except the world to change so soon.A. cant B. neednt C. may not D. will not 2. Im afraid Mr.Harding _ see you now . hes busy.A. cant B. mustnt C. shouldnt D. neednt 3. Jack descried his father, who _a brave boy many years ago, as a strong-willed manA. would be B. would have been C. must be D. must have been 4.-Good morning. Ive got an appointment with Miss Smith in the Personnel Department. -Ah, good morning. You _ be Mrs. Peters.A. might B. must C. would D. can5. -T he weather has been very hot and dry. -Yes. If it had rained even a drop, things would be much better now! And my vegetables . A. wouldnt die B. didnt die C. hadnt died D. wouldnt have died6.Teachers recommend parents _their children under 12to ride bicycles to school for safety.A. not allow B. do not allow C. mustnt allow D. couldnt allow7. If he _my advice, he wouldnt have lost his job.A. followed B. should follow C. had followed D. would follow8. You_ buy a gift , but you can if you want to.A. must B. mustnt C. have to D. dont have to9. -I havent got the reference book yet, but Ill have a test on the subject next month. -Dont worry. You_ have it by Friday.A. could B. shall C. must D. may 10. George is going to talk about the geography of his country, but Id rather he_ more on its culture. A. focus B. focused C. would focus D. had focused11 I have told you the truth _ I keep repeating it?A. Must B. Can C. May D. Will12. Doctors say that exercise is important for health, but it _ be regular exercise.A. can B. will C. must D. may13. I_ have watched that movie itll give me horrible dreams. A. shouldnt B. neednt C. couldnt D. mustnt14 -May I take this book out of the reading room?-No, you _ You read it in here. A. mightnt B. wont C. needt D. mustnt15 _ I take the book out? Im afraid not.A. Will B. May C. Must D. Need16Mark _ have hurried. After driving at top speed, he arrived half an hour early.A. neednt B. wouldnt C. mustnt D. couldnt17. - John went to the hospital alone. - If he _ me about it, I would have gone with him.A. should tell B. tells C. told D. had told18.You _park here! Its an emergency exit.A. wouldnt B. neednt C. couldnt D. mustnt19. You _ have a wrong number, she said. Theres no one of that name here. A. need B. can C. must D. would20. . Had I known about this computer program, a