Find的复合结构.doc

Find 的复合结构A cook will be immediately fired if he is found _ in the kitchen. A. smoke B. smoking C. to smoke D. smoked 说明：正确答案是B。此题所考查的知识点是find+宾语+现在分词这一复合结构的被动语态。find+复合结构的形式很多，在高考题或练习题中出现的频率较高。现对其用法作一归纳，希望对同学们的学习有所帮助。 1. find +宾语+现在分词 She found a wallet lying on the ground. 她发现一只钱包在地上。 If slaves were found living together secretly they were cruelly whipped. 如果奴隶们被发现私自同居，就会受到残酷鞭打。 For most of the day he can still be found working somewhere in the plant. 白天大部分时间人们还发现他在厂里某个地方工作。 He was heartened to find the people living better than ever before. 看到人民生活比过去任何时候都好，他由衷地感到高兴。 2. find +宾语+过去分词 He found the place much changed. 他发现这地方有了巨大的变化。 We found her quite recovered. 我们发现她已完全痊愈。 They found the street lined with people. 他们发现大街两侧都站着人。 Two of the windows were found broken. 发现有两扇玻璃窗被打破了。 Both doors were found locked. 发现两扇门都被锁上了。 3. find +（宾语）+形容词 She was found alone in the room. 发现她一个人在屋里。 He was found dead in the morning. 早上人们发现他已经死了。 I find idioms and useful expressions hard to learn. 我发现习语和有用的短语很难学。 Have you found anything wrong in the article? 文章中你已经发现什么错误了吗？ Which do you find hardest��listening, speaking, reading or writing? 你觉得听、说、读、写哪一方面最难？ 4. find +宾语+副词 Im so glad I found you in. 发现你在家我真高兴。 He hurried there, but found them all out. 他赶到那里，却发现大家都出去了。 How do find the dish? 你觉得这个菜怎么样？ When the enemy got to the village, they found nobody about. 当敌人进村时发现一个人都不在了。 5. find +宾语+介词短语 They found him already in the care of a doctor. 他们发现已经有一位大夫在照顾他了。 We have gone over the contract and found everything in order. 合同我们已经看过，感到没有问题。 An old worker was found in possession of the papers. 这些文件被发现保存在一位老工人手里。 6. find +宾语+名词 You will find it a difficult book. 你将发现这是一本难懂的书。 You will find it a delightful place to stay. 你会发现这是个令人愉快的地方。 We all find him a very sensible man. 我们都发现他是个很有头脑的人。 7. find +宾语+to be This method was found to be practicable. 大家发现这方法很可行。 He measured the cloth and found it to be the exact size. 他量了一下布，发现大小正好合适。 I found him to be unassuming and easy to get along with. 我发现他没有架子，很好相处。 注：在find +宾语 +to be这一结构中，to be常可省略。简化宾语从句常用六法同学们常会遇到把含有宾语从句的复合句转化为简单句，使其与原句意思相同（或相近）的试题。下面就介绍几种常用的简化宾语从句的方法：方法一：当主句谓语动词是hope， decide， wish， choose， agree， promise等，且宾语从句的主语与主句主语一致时，宾语从句可简化为不定式结构。例如：Li Ming hopes he will be back very soon. Li Ming hopes to be back very soon.We decided that we would help him. We decided to help him.方法二：当主句谓语动词是know， learn， remember， forget， tell等动词，且主句主语与从句主语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。例如：She has forgotten how she can open the window. She has forgotten how to open the window.注：当主句谓语动词是tell， ask， show， teach等动词，且后带双宾语，从句主语和间接宾语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。例如：Could you tell me how I can get to the station？ Could you tell me how to get to the station？方法三：当主句的谓语动词是order（命令），require（需要）等时，如果主句和从句的主语不一致，宾语从句可简化为“名词（代词）+不定式”结构。例如：The headmaster ordered that we should start at once. The headmaster ordered us to start at once.方法四：某些动词后的宾语从句，可以用介词加动名词（短语）等其他形式简化。例如：He insisted that he should go with us. He insisted on going with us.The poor boy doesnt know when and where he was born. The poor boy doesnt know the time and the place of his birth.方法五：某些动词后面的宾语从句可转化为“宾语+V-ing形式（作宾语补足语）”结构。例如：Liu Ping found that there was a wallet lying on the ground. Liu Ping found a wallet lying on the ground.方法六：动词seem后的宾语从句，也可以用不定式（短语）来简化，但句型需要进行适当的变化。例如：It seemed that the boys were going to win. The boys seemed to win.除上述方法外，还有一些特殊句式的转化。例如：I found that it was difficult to learn English well. I found it difficult to learn English well.Soon we found that the ground was covered with thick snow. Soon we found the ground covered with thick snow.They found that the box was very heavy. They found the box very heavy初中英语宾语从句语法专项精选试题习题(一)1 The girls asked if they _ some food and drink with them.A. took B. take C. takes D. will take2 Catherine said that she _ to Guangzhou.A. has never gone B. had never gone C. has never been D. had never been3 The students want to know whether they_ dictation today.A. had B. has . C. will have D. are4 She asked Linda if_ go and get some.A. could she B. she could C. she can D. she may5 Linda said the moon_ round the earth.A. travelled B. has travelled C. travells D. had travelled答案:1-5 A D C B C习题(二)1 Can you tell me_ you were born, BettyA. who B. what C. when D. that2 I dont know _ they have passed the exam.A. what B. if C. when D. where3 I hardly understand. _ he has told me.A. that B. what C. which D. who4 She didnt know_ back soon.A. whether he would be B. if would he be C. he will be5. I dont know _ he still lives here after so many years.A. whether B where C. what D. when6. Do you know _ they listened to yesterday eveningA. what B when C why D how7. He asked me _told me the accident.A whom B which C who D whose答案:1-7 C B B A A A C习题(三)1. They dont know their parents are.A that B what C why D which2. Please tell me _what last year.A. where does your sister work B where did your sister work C where your sister works D where your sister worked3. She asked me if I knew _.A. whose pen is it B. whose pen it was C. whose pen it is D. whose pen was it4. You must remember _.A. what your mother said B. what did your mother sayC. your mother said what D. what has your mother said5 Did you know _A. who he was looking after B. who was he looking forC. who he is looking for D. who he is looking after6 Could you tell me _A. when will they leave Beijing B. when would they leave BeijingC. when they will leave Beijing D. when did they leave Beijing答案:1-6 B D B A A C习题(四)1. In the bookshop, a reader asked the shop keeper _ Who Moved My Cheese was an interesting book. (北京市东城区)A. that B. how C. whatD. if2. I dont know _ Mr. Green will come to see us.He will help us with our English. (杭州市)A. why B. when C. how D. where3. We never know _ the old m an is.They say he is a teacher. (鄂州市)A. what B. who C. which D. where4. I was told _ Bill Gates was thirteen he began to play with computers. (重庆市)A. that how B. how that C. when that D. that when5. Do you know _ Im going to see him.Sorry, I dont know. (北京市海淀区)A. where does Mr. Li live B. where did Mr. Li liveC. where Mr. Li lives D. where Mr. Li lived6. W here do you think _ he _ the computerSorry, I have no idea. (南京市)A. /; bought B. has; bought C. did; buy D. does; buy7. I dont feel very well. Mum asked me _ this morning. (重庆市)A. what the matter is B. what is wrongC. what the matter was D. what wrong was8. Where is JackHe is away to spend his holiday. Hes gone either to Hangzhou or to Wuhan, but Im not sure _ . (南昌市)A. that B. which C. where D. there答案:14 D A A D 58 C A C Cfind 的用法与搭配1. 表示“找到”，其后可接双宾语；若双宾语交换位置用介词 for引出间接宾语。如：Can you find me a hotel?=Can you find a hotel for me? 你能给我找一家旅馆吗?We found him a good job.=We found a good job for him. 我们为他找了份好工作。比较下面一句（found 后为复合宾语）：We found him a good teacher. (=We found that he was a good teacher.) 我们发现他是位好老师。2. 表示“发现”时，其后可接各种形式的复合结构：(1) 宾语+名词作宾语补足语。如：Youll find it a difficult book. 你会发现它是一本难懂的书。有时可在宾语补足语前加上to be。如：Youll find it to be a difficult book. 你会发现它是一本难懂的书。(2) 宾语+形容词作宾语补足语。如：He found the room empty. 他发现房间是空的。I found the book easy. 我觉得这书读起来比较容易。有时可在宾语补足语前加上to be。如：We find the story (to be) very interesting. 我们发现这个故事很有趣。(3) 宾语+副词作宾语补足语。如：Did you find her in? 你发现她在家吗? I went to her house but I found her out. 我到她家发现她不在家。用作宾语补足语的副词通常只能是in, out, up, down, upstairs, downstairs等表示处所的副词小品词，而不能是其他普通副词。(4) 宾语+不定式作宾语补足语。如：He found the patient to be a small boy. 他发现病人是一个小男孩。用作宾语补足语的不定式通常为to be（且通常可以省略），但当find用于被动语态时，可以用其他动词。如：Her blood was found to contain poison. 她的血液里被发现有毒。He was found to have helped himself to public money. 他被发现挪用了公款。(5) 宾语+现在分词作宾语补足语。如：I found him lying on the floor. 我发现他躺在地板上。I found him standing at the door. 我发现他正站在门口。(6) 宾语+过去分词作宾语补足语。如：He found the door locked. 他发现门锁上了。He found the city much changed. 他发现这个城市发生了巨大的变化。(7) 宾语+介词短语作宾语补足语。如：We found her in tears. 我们发现她在哭泣。We found the map quite out of date. 我们发现这地图已完全过时。另外还要注意“find+形式宾语it+宾语补足语”结构。如：I find it easy to get on with her. 我发现她很容易相处。He found it easy