大学英语重要词组.doc

大学英语重要词组1) adapt to: vi. to become accustomed to new conditions, etc. (e.g. above)adapt for使适合于; 为.改编改写adapt from根据.改写改编adapt oneself to使自己适应或习惯于某事 adapt sth. to使某事物适应或适合1) take for granted: to be so familiar with something / someone that one no longer appreciates their full value 认为理所当然Do not take his help for granted. 不要认为他帮助你是理所当然的。2) be committed to: to spend ones time, attention or energy on sth. e.g.a) He is very committed to English learning. 他对于英语学习十分投入。b) If you want to become the top of the class in English learning, you really have to commit yourself to it. 要是你想在英语学习上成为全班第一，就得全身心地投入。3) be absorbed (in): to give all ones attention (to) sth. e.g.a) She was so absorbed in her study that she didnt hear her classmate enter the room. 她聚精会神于自己的学习，以至于没有听到她的同学进了房间。b) Time passes quickly when you are absorbed in reading a good book. 当你全神贯注阅读一本好书时，时间会过得很快。4) admit: vt. to say that something is true and accurate. (When it is used in this sense, it is often followed by a that clause. ) e.g.a) The man admitted (that) he had stolen from the bank. 那人承认偷盗了银行。5) account for: to explain and give information about e.g.a) Can you account for your being absent last Friday? 你能说明上周五缺席的原因吗？b) She was unable to account for over $1,000. 她无法解释1,000多美元的用途。(2) to be the cause or origin of 占a) Food accounts for a high proportionof our expenditure ek5spenditFE(r). b)6) project oneself: present or show ones qualities表现自己 e.g.a) The student tries to project himself in order to make a good impression on the new teacher. 那位学生设法表现自己以获得新老师的好感。7) be content with: to be satisfied with e.g.a) She is quite content with the job. 她对这工作挺满意的。8) suffer from: be badly influenced bya) Within a few days, she has become seriously ill, suffering from great pain.只几天时间，她的病情加重了，她被折磨得痛苦不堪。b) He was diagnosed as suffering from AIDS. 他被诊断为染上了艾滋病。9) distract sb. from sth.: to take ones attention from sth.a) Dont let social activities distract you from your study.不要让社会活动影响你的学习。b) The music soon distracted the boy from his homework.音乐声很快使这个男孩分心了，以致不能专心做家庭作业。10) prior to: before; coming before in time or ordera) Prior to my graduation from college, marriage, I lived in New York; now I live in Florida. 我结婚前住在纽约，现在我住在佛罗里达。b) I got the news prior to your call. 在你打电话之前，我已经得到了消息。11) be ashamed of: to feel embarrassed or shame about a) I feel ashamed of myself for making such a silly mistake. b) People should feel ashamed of polluting their environment. 12) boast about (also boast of): to speak too proudly of自夸; 自吹自擂a) He often boasts about his new car. 13) contrary to: completely different froma) Contrary to what they had expected, the football team lost. 与他们的期望相反，球队输了。b) Contrary to all advice, he gave up his job.他不听任何劝告,放弃了工作。14) call for: to demand, ask for (clues: respect)a) The League Committee calls for a contribution. 团委号召/要求捐款。15) leave behind: to forget to take留下；遗留；把.丢在后面, 超过a) The class is about to begin, and yet I left my book behind. 就要上课了，可我却忘了带课本。 16) attach to: to fix sth.to sth.elsea) Attach the handle to the box. 把这个把手装到箱子上。b) We attached a business card to the briefcase. 我们在这小提箱上贴了一张名片。c) We should attach primary importance to the development of economy.我们要把发展经济的工作放在第一位。17) rather than: instead of; in contrast to a) I think Ill have a cold drink rather than coffee. 我想要一杯冷饮，而不是咖啡。b) I want to see a funny program but not a serious one. I enjoy laughing rather than crying. 我想看轻松的节目，而不是严肃的节目。我喜欢笑而不是哭。18) look through: to look quickly in; examine or study carefullya) Ill look through my notes我会仔细看一下我的笔记。b) Look through your examination paper for any small mistakes before you hand it in. 交卷前，好好检查一下你的试卷，看看有没有小错。19) be immune to: not be affected by不受.影响的，对.有免疫力的 a) Most adults are immune to this disease. 大部分成年人对这疾病有免疫力。20) be capable of: to have the ability, space, or means to do 指人有.的能力; 有.的倾向；指物易于; 有.的余地; 可以.a) She is capable of doing much better work. 她能干得更好。21) arrive at: to reach, make or decide on (an idea, decision, judgment or result) a) It took them a long time to arrive at a very difficult decision. 他们花了很长时间才作出了一个艰难的决定。22) representative of: like or common to others of the same class a) He was in no way representative of those who suffered from the accident. 他根本不能代表那起意外事故的受害者。23) remark: (1) vi. to express a short relaxed comment（常与that连用）说；（常与on, upon连用）谈论；评论a) Mrs. John remarked negatively about the actors and actresses. 约翰夫人把男女演员数落了一番。(2) n. comment (usu. not formal) a) They invited Mr. Jackson to open the meeting and make a few opening remarks. 他们请杰克逊先生宣布会议开始，并讲几句开场白。b) oral remark口头批评24) take advantage of: to make use of a) He takes advantage of the night to steal something.25) impose ( sth. on / upon sth.): to force on; place on 征收，强加；利用, 欺骗, 施加影响于a) impose a tax on wines and spirits征收酒类税b) Parents should not impose their own tastes on their children.父母不应将自己的爱好强加给孩子。c) We are not to be imposed upon.我们是不会上当的。26) alternative: (1) a. giving a choice from among more than two things a) I will not be able to meet you on Thursday; you must think of an alternative plan. 我周二不能见你，你得另作安排。b) The alternative project will be more expensive. 供选择的方案花钱更多。(2) n. serious choice, something that can be chosen insteada) Your plan is not workable; we must try to think of an alternative. b) If you want to reach Beijing in time, you must go by air; there is no alternative. 如果你想按时到达北京，只能坐飞机去，别无选择。27) essential to: very necessary to or being the foundation of必要的，根本的a) Food, sleep and housing are essential to human beings. 食物、睡眠和住房是人类生存的基本要素。28) available: a. (1) able to be got, used, etc. 能够得到的a) Those shoes are not available in your size. 这种鞋没有你的尺码。b) The house I want to buy will be available in June. 我买的房子将于六月份交货。c) There are only 10 tickets available.(2) 可接受探访的；可见客人的a) Is the dean available? 系主任在不在？b) He is not available now.他现在没空。29) demand sth. of sb./sth.: to expect (something) from (someone or something) 向.要求; 向.索取a) Hard work will be demanded of students in this course. 这门课程要求学生用功去学。30) apply: v. (1) to give or have an effect; use for a purpose（使）产生作用, 适用于; 运用a) We should apply what we have learned in class to the experiment. 我们应该把我们课堂上所学到的知识运用到实验中去。b) The rules apply to the management and the staff as well. 这些规则既适用于管理人员又适用于普通职工。(2) to request officially 申请a) To get a job one has to apply for it. 要找工作得先申请。(3) to cause to work hard, devote 致力于a) Its difficult to apply oneself to an uninteresting task. 要让自己完成一项无趣的任务是很难的。31) get/have access to: (learned in Unite One)to have the right or permission to approach, enter, or use; admittance(1) be inclined to: to be likely to; tend to 倾向于；容易（做）a) Im inclined to get tired easily. 我容易疲劳。 32) familiar to: If sth. is familiar to you, it is well known to you or you often experience/encounter it.为所熟悉的，常听、见到的a) He talked of other cultures as if they were more familiar to him than his own. 他谈论其他文化时仿佛他对其他文化比对自己的文化还要熟悉。b) facts that are familiar to every schoolboy每个男学生都熟悉的事实(2) c.f. familiar with: If you are sth., you have a good knowledge of it or you know it in detail.a) Are you familiar with the rules of baseball? 你熟悉棒球规则吗?33) coordinate: v. to organize the various people and things involved in an activity to work together, esp. to increase effectiveness 使同等； 使协调 coordinate ones effort (to do): to work together efficiently齐心协力a) If we coordinate our efforts we should be able to solve the problem.如果我们同心协力, 就能解决这个问题。b) We must coordinate our efforts to help the poor. 我们必须齐心协力去帮助穷人。34) supportive (+of-phrase): a. giving encouragement, help, etc. especially to someone in difficulty a) Mary was so supportive of me when I was fired last year.我去年时,玛丽给了我极大的支持。b) supportive therapy treatment【医】辅助疗法, 间接疗法, 谈话疗法35) concerning: prep. with regard to, about (sb. / sth.) 关于，涉及，就.说a) I spoke to him concerning his behavior. 针对他的行为我和他谈了话。 b) concerning the matter提到那件事 36) concern: n. & vt. as/so far as. be concerned关于； 至于； 就.而言be concerned about关心on ones behalf: in the interests of someone代表某人（的利益）a) The legal guardian must act on behalf of the child. 法定监护人必须代表孩子的利益行事。 b) I thank you for all the trouble you have taken on my behalf. 谢谢你为我费了这么多心。 37) economize (on sth.): vi. to save (sth.)节省，节俭a) We have to economize from now on since we have little money left. (2) If the verb “economize” is followed by an object, we often use the preposition “on”. a) People are asked to economize on fuel.b) We have to economize on water during the dry season. 在干旱季节我们必须节约用水。 38) take for granted: to be so familiar with something / someone that one no longer appreciates their full value 认为理所当然a) Do not take his help for granted. 不要认为他帮助你是理所当然的。 39) feel like: to identify with (as used in this instance); to have a wish for, want摸起来象；口想要, 愿意；有.的感觉a) I dont feel like taking a holiday now. 我现在不想去度假。b) Do you feel like a cup of coffee? 你想来一杯咖啡吗?40) project on / onto / upon: to imagine (ones own esp. bad feelings or thoughts) as being experienced by others设想某人怀有和自己 一样的想法(或感情)；以己之心度人之腹a) It is not reasonable that they project their dreams onto us. 他们觉得我们与他们具有同样的梦想, 真荒谬。41) take charge of: to take control of (a situation, organization, or a group of people)a) Please take charge of my dog while Im away. 我不在家时请帮忙照管我的狗。b) He will take charge (of it) during my time away. 我外出时由他负责。42) attributeto: to say that a situation or event is caused by sth.把归因于，把归咎于a) They attributed their success to their teachers encouragement. 他们把成功归因于老师的鼓励。b) 1000 deaths a year can be attributed to drunk driving. 每年有1000人死于酒后驾驶。43) confines: n. (1) (常用pl.) limits or borders疆界, 范围, 界线a) within the confines of campus life 在校园生活的范围内b) beyond the confines of human knowledge 超出人类知识的范围(2) vt. ( + to) 限制；使局限于a) He is confined to the house by illness.他因病而闭门不出。b) I shall confine myself to the subject of geography.我将专攻地理学。44) commit oneself to (doing / do) sth.: firmly decide to do sth. or have sth.be committed to: strongly plan to bea) The government has promised to commit itself to keep peace. (or: The government has promised to be committed to peace.) 政府许诺要致力于维持和平。b) Signing this form commits you to buying the goods. 你在这表格上签了字就得买这些货。c) He has committed himself to support his brothers children. 他已答应抚养他弟弟的孩子。45) associate with: join (people or things) together, link/connect together联合，联系，联想a) What do you associate with such a heavy snow?这样一场大雪你有什么联想?b) We associate China with the Greet Wall.我们想起中国, 就联想到长城。c) Id rather not associate myself with any political statements. 我可不想让自己与任何政治言论有什么联系。46) absorb: vt. take in, digest, learn and understand吸收；吸引；理解；占用；使（精神）贯注a) absorb moisture from the air从空中吸收水分b) This job absorbs all of my time.这件工作占用了我的全部时间。c) He is absorbed in study.他专心读书。47) derive from: (1) obtain from从得到，获取a) He derives much pleasure from books. 他从书中获得了很多乐趣。(2) come from源于The word “derive” derives from Latin. “derive”一词源于拉丁语。48) interfere with: (1) get in the way of; prevent from working or happening妨碍，干扰a) This noise interferes with my work. 这噪声妨碍我工作。(2) c.f. interfere in: meddle in; concern oneself with and usu. take unwanted action about someone elses business干涉，干预To interfere in something is to take part in it without being wanted. But to interfere with something is to prevent it from happening.（interfere in sth.是指别人未请而自己主动参与；interfere with sth.是指阻碍事情发生。）a) Dont interfere in matters that dont concern you. 不要介入那些与你无关的事。b) I never interfere in his affairs. 我从不干涉他的事。49) apply to: (1) have an effect on 适用于a) This part of the new law does not apply to Scotland. 新法律的这一部分不适用于苏格兰。 b) We have to apply the same rules to everyone, showing no favour. 我们须将相同的规定用于每个人，不要有偏袒。 (2) make a formal request to 向申请a) You must apply to the college authorities for a scholarship. 你必须向院方申请才能获得奖学金。 b) How many universities have you applied to? 你向多少大学发了申请？ 50) attribute to: believe to be the result of sth. 把归因于 Notice: active voice & passive voicea) Jim attributes his success to hard work. 吉姆将他的成功归因于努力工作。 = His success is attributed to hard work (by Jim).51) concentrate: v. direct all ones thoughts, efforts, and attention towards sth. a) I dont know whats wrong with me today. I cant concentrate myself in class. 不知道今天是怎么回事，在课堂上我不能集中精力。 b) If you dont concentrate more on your work, youll be fired. 如果你工作中精力不能再集中一些，你就会被解雇。 52) kind of: (infml.) rather; a little bita) Im kind of worried about the interview. 我对面试有点担心。b) Im kind of tired from reading. 我读书读得有点累了。53) work on: have sth. as the subject of thought or effort从事于，致力于a) Is Tom still working on the new book that he promised? 汤姆还在写那本他许诺要写的新书吗？(2) approve of: say, show or feel that sth. is good; be pleased about sth.; like sb. or sth.赞成，赞同a) His father didnt approve of his leaving school at 16. 他父亲不赞成他16岁就离开学校。b) Her parents dont approve of her friends. 她父母不认可她的朋友。c) I didnt approve of his manner. 我不喜欢他的举止。54) condemn: vt. (1) force into a usu. unhappy state or situation 迫使陷于不幸的境地a) After the accident, the injury in his backbone condemned him to bed. 事故后，他的脊柱受伤，不得不成天躺在床上。(2) criticize strongly, usu. for moral reasons 批评，谴责a) I did not condemn him for what he had done. 我并没有因他的所作所为而指责他。(3) state a punishment for (a guilty person); sentence 判刑，给定罪 a) The prisoner was condemned to death. 这名囚犯被判死刑。b) The judge condemned her to spend 6 years in prison. 法官判她六年徒刑。c) condemn sb. to:(4) c.f. condemn sb./sth. for: have a poor opinion of sb. or sth. because of sth. bad谴责；反对a) The whole town condemned the girl for her wild behaviour. 这女孩因行为不检点而遭到全镇人的指责。b) The city was condemned for its high crime rate. 这座城市因犯罪率高而遭到指责。55) check in: report ones arrival, as at a hotel desk, airport, etc. 登记，报到a) Its advisable to check in early to get a good seat on your flight. 最好早到机场登记以便得个好座位。b) Has Mr. Light checked in at the hotel yet? 莱特先生到旅馆登记了吗？(2) c.f. check out: 付帐后离开, ,检验, 合格, 及格56) compared to/with: (1) in comparison with; considered in relation toa) Im quite a patient person, compared with him. 跟他相比，我算是有耐性的。b) Compared to the place where I grew up, this town is exciting. 与我成长的地方相比，这个镇热闹多了。57) take to: (1) begin to do (sth.) as a practice, habit, etc.开始a) When he learned of the usefulness of foreign languages, he took to studying English with great zeal. 当他知道了外语的用处后，就开始以极大的热情学习英语。b) He gave up medicine and took to literature. 他放弃医学，开始从事文学工作。(2) be kind or favorable to; like喜欢a) He seemed such a lovely child; I took to him immediately. 他看上去是那么可爱的一个孩子，我立刻喜欢上了他。(3) go to (a place) for rest, hiding, escape, etc. 逃入；躲藏于a) At the first crack of the twigs(嫩枝), the birds took to flight. 树枝喀嚓一响，这些鸟马上就飞走了。b) He was forced to take to his bed. 他被迫卧床休息。58) in terms of: from point of view; with regard to; concerning就而论a) In terms of money, the old man is very rich, but not in terms of happiness. 从钱的方面来说，这个老人很富有，但就幸福而言，他却不是这样。b) We are quite at a disadvantage in terms of manpower. 在人力方面，我们处于不利的地位。59) be opposed to: disapprove strongly强烈反对a) They are strongly opposed to the development of nuclear weapons. 他们强烈反对发展核武器。60) ignorant: adj. （often + of）(1) knowing little or nothing不知道的a) Thousands of students leaving school are ignorant of even basic skills.成千上万快毕业的学生甚至连一些基本技能也不懂。61) range from to : vary or extend between certain 在一定范围内变化或扩展a) Prices range from $7 to $10. 价格从7美元到10美元不等。62) nothing but: onlya) He was wearing nothing but a pair of swimming trunks. 他只穿了一条游泳裤。b) Dont have him for a friend: hes nothing but a criminal. 别把他当朋友；他只是个罪犯。63) accuse sb./sth. of: blame sb./sth. by saying that they have done sth. morally wrong or against the law谴责，控告a) That man has been accused of murdering his wife. 那个人被指控谋杀了他的妻子。The girl accused her boyfriend of not being generous. 女孩指责她的男朋友胸襟狭窄。64) in the wake of: coming after or following随着，紧跟着a) Traders came in the wake of the conquering armies. 商人随着征服的军队而来。b) The president submitted resignation in the wake of a scandal. 总统在出现丑闻后提出辞职。65) be identical to/ with: be exactly the same as与一模一样a) The tests are identical to those carried out last year. 这些考试和去年的考试相同。b) His behavior is identical to betraying us. 他的行为等于把我们出卖了。66) What if : (1) What would happen if 如果.怎办a) What if we go and see a film tomorrow night? 明天晚上我们去看电影怎么样？b) What if you go instead of me? 如果你代替我去会怎么样？67) get around / round: overcome; avoid or find a satisfactory way of dealing with成功地解决，克服a) If we can get round these difficulties, well be able to discuss the really important points. 如果这些困难被克服了的话，我们就可以讨论真正重要的问题了。68) refer to: (1) (often + as) use a particular word, expression, or name to mention or describe sb. / sth. 将称为a) He always refers to his wife as the old woman. 他总是把妻子叫作老太婆。(2) talk about a particular subject or person 提及，谈到a) Although she didnt mention any names, everyone knew whom she was referring to. 尽管她没有提任何人的名字，但谁都知道她指的是谁。(3) go to sb./sth. or look at sth. for information 查阅，询问a) If you dont understand a word you may refer to your dictionaries. 如果你不明白一个字的意思，你可以查词典。(4) direct sb. / sth. to sb. / sth. for help or to be dealt with 转送至某人以便得到处理或帮助a) The doctor has referred me to a specialist. 那医生把我转给一位专家治疗。(5) be comparable to / with: be similar in size, number, quality, etc. so that a comparison is possible可与相比a) A heart is comparable with a pump. 心脏类似水泵。69) be applicable to: (esp. of rules or laws) be directed towards, be suitable for适用于，合适于，对适当a) The rule is applicable to the case. 这条规则可适用于这种情况。b) We try to find a solution that is applicable to the problem. 我们试图找到一个适用于这个问题