动名词的语法作用.doc

动名词的语法作用英语动词后面加上-ing， 构成动名词。它具有名词特征，可作主语、表语和定语。Walking is a good form of exercise for both young and old.Being exposed to sunlight for too much time will do harm to ones skin.A: What do you think made Mary so upset?B: Losing her new bicycle.What worried the child most was his not being allowed to visit his mother in the hospital.They are in the operating room.Drinking water should be boiled.饮用水应煮沸。有时候还具有动词的一些特征，可以带有宾语和状语。Did you have any trouble in finding the post office?I must apologize for not letting you know ahead of time.I can hardly imagine Peter sailing across the Atlantic Ocean in 5 days.Are you for or against staying here?动名词在句子中作主语：动名词表示一般或抽象的多次动作1.Learning takes time.做学问需要时间。2.Doing is better than wishing.干比空想好。3.Wasting a persons time is the same as killing him for his proverty. 浪费别人的时间无疑是谋财害命。4.Her being angry with his teacher astonished me.她生她老师得气，这使我大吃一惊。5.Reading without thorough comdivhension is no good 没有透彻理解地阅读是无用的。6.Its necessary to be prepared for a job interview. Having the answers ready will be of great help.动名词在句子中作表语 ：表语动名词与主语通常是对等的关系，表示主语的内容，主语、表语可互换位置。动名词作表语多指笼统的、抽象的概念1.True love is giving, not taking.真正的爱是奉献，而不是索取。2.His bad habit is telling lies.3.Our only hope is their landing safely.4.Our worry was her not having enough rest after a days heard work.5.Your task is cleaning the windows. 你的任务就是擦窗户。(Cleaning the windows is your task.)6.What I hate most is being laughed at. 我最痛恨的就是被别人嘲笑。 (Being laughed at is what I hate most.)动名词在句子中作宾语 ：（1）作动词的宾语1. I enjoyed working with you.2. he couldnt help turning off the light.3. I cannot understand their being forbidden to go to the meeting.4. In some parts of London, missing a bus means waiting for another hour.5. The boy didnt mind being left alone at home.6. She ought to be praised instead of being criticized.7. He was delighted to escape being cheated.（2）作介词的宾语1.She looks forward every spring to walking in the fkower-lined garden.2.We are thinking of making a new plan for the next term. 我们正考虑为下学期制定新的计划。3.Shall we have a rest or get down to doing our work? 我们休息呢还是开始干活？4.You can never imagine what great trouble I have had treating the patient who received a serious wound.5.Accustomed to climbing the steep mountains, he had no difficulty reaching the top.6.The president spoke at the business meeting for nearly one hour without referring to his notes.7.He left the room without being seen.（3）作形容词的宾语The music is well worth listening to more than once. 这首歌很值得多听几遍。We are busy preparing for the coming sports meet. 我们正为马上到来的运动会忙着做准备。动名词在句子中作宾语补足语I call this robbing Peter to pay Paul. 我管这叫做拆东墙补西墙。This is called turning things up side down.这叫做把事物颠倒了。Can we call this serving people? 这能叫为人民服务吗？动名词在句子中作定语：动名词作定语往往表示被修饰词的某种用途。1. The booking office lies on the other side oof the street. A booking office (订票处)is an office where tickets are sold.2. The doctor told me not to take sleeping pills. 医生叫我不要服安眠药。 a sleeping pill = a pill for sleeping=a pill which is used for sleeping3.That is our dining-room. A dining room is a room where meals are eaten.4. Working conditions in the factories have been constantly improved.工厂的工作条件已得到不断改善。5. We have discovered the hiding place of the spy.=We have discovered the place where the spy hides himself.注意：动名词作定语表示说明名词的客观功用、性能。working methond=method of work工作方法sleeping tablets = tablets to induce sleep安眠药drink